Disease relevance of Aged, 80 and over

• The A677V MTHFR allele is not associated with carotid atherosclerosis in octogenarians [1].
• Since high PAI-1 is considered a predictor of recurrent myocardial infarction in young men, it is intriguing that the corresponding genetic marker is more frequent in centenarians who have escaped major age-related atherothrombotic disease and reached the extreme limits of human life [2].
• Golden mean to longevity: rareness of mitochondrial cytochrome b variants in centenarians but not in patients with Parkinson's disease [3].
• Body weight was higher (P <.001), and elevated plasma lipid levels (59% vs 43%; P =.042) and use of nicotine (47% vs 29%; P =.015) more frequent in the octogenarians [4].
• OBJECTIVES: To better understand the tradeoffs between the efficacy of anticoagulation with warfarin and its side effects in the oldest old with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation (AF) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Aged, 80 and over

• Senile dementia with tangles is suggested to be a variant of Alzheimer disease occurring in the oldest-old, but its nosological position within aging disorders of the brain is still controversy [6].
• In agreement with previous studies in very old cohorts, they also suggest that amyloid deposition is not related to the early stages of the dementia process in the oldest old [7].
• Alzheimer disease shortened survival time most dramatically in younger participants, but vascular dementia posed a greater mortality risk among the oldest old [8].
• Rates of cognitive impairment in a representative population of the oldest old (aged 84 to 90) were examined using two indicators: The Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), and a Cognitive Rating (CR) derived from performance on five neuropsychological tests [9].
• The study was designed to assess the antioxidant defense mechanisms, either enzymatic or non-enzymatic, in a group of sixteen centenarians (one male and fifteen female subjects aged 101 to 105 years) living in the Upper Silesia district (Poland) in order to evaluate the potential role of antioxidant defenses in human longevity [10].

High impact information on Aged, 80 and over

• We find that the epsilon 4 allele of APOE, which promotes premature atherosclerosis, is significantly less frequent in centenarians than in controls (p < 0.001), while the frequency of the epsilon 2 allele, associated previously with type III and IV hyperlipidemia, is significantly increased (p < 0.01) [11].
• The centenarian Golgi apparatus [12].
• Total cholesterol and risk of mortality in the oldest old [13].
• We have therefore investigated the MTP "risk" haplotype in our own collection of 1,589 German nonagenarians, centenarians, and appropriately matched controls [14].
• p53 variants predisposing to cancer are present in healthy centenarians [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Aged, 80 and over

• We studied cortisol and DHEAS secretion in healthy old and young subjects, in senile dementia, in major depression of elderly subjects and in healthy centenarians [16].
• Vipoma: effective treatment with octreotide in the oldest old [17].
• However, sulphite oxidase activity in cells isolated from centenarians and patients with Down's syndrome seems to loose partly its rate of oxidising sulphite to sulphate [18].
• Ibutilide in rapid conversion of atrial flutter in octogenarians [19].
• We report a case of spinal epidural hematoma in a nonagenarian who received low-dose sc unfractionated heparin postoperatively in accordance with standard guidelines, presented with no back pain, and made full neurologic recovery without surgical intervention [20].

Biological context of Aged, 80 and over

• Finally, a fit to data previously obtained at the angiotensin-converting-enzyme locus is realized, explaining what had seemed to be paradoxical results-namely, that the frequency of a genotype known as a cardiovascular risk factor was increased in centenarians [21].
• Genetic polymorphisms of Fas (CD95) and FasL (CD178) in human longevity: studies on centenarians [22].
• In a previous longitudinal study of octogenarians, we identified an immune risk phenotype (IRP) in the very elderly defined by an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio, which was associated with increased mortality and persistent CMV infection [23].
• Cardiac surgery in octogenarians; peri-operative outcome and long-term results [24].
• In conclusion, our data demonstrates that in healthy centenarians, plasma PAI-1 were not associated with the degree of insulin resistance as in aged subjects [25].

Anatomical context of Aged, 80 and over

• An increased number of CD8 T cell clones was observed in the nonagenarians, and was associated with CMV-seropositivity [23].
• An L-arginine bolus elicited an increase in forearm blood flow which was correlated with the percentage increase in the plasma total nitrate: nitrite ratio (r = 0.79, P < 0.001) and with the fasting erythrocyte magnesium concentration (r = 0.80, P < 0.001) in healthy centenarians [26].
• Chemokine production by natural killer cells from nonagenarians [27].
• Stereologic analysis of hippocampal Alzheimer's disease pathology in the oldest-old: evidence for sparing of the entorhinal cortex and CA1 field [28].
• RANTES and MIP-1alpha production by T lymphocytes, monocytes and NK cells from nonagenarian subjects [29].

Associations of Aged, 80 and over with chemical compounds

• Accordingly, we measured Lp(a) levels as well as total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol (CT), and triglycerides (TG) in sera from 75 healthy centenarians, 114 randomly selected subjects under 65 years, 73 randomly selected elderly people, and 30 healthy selected elderly people [30].
• The circadian profile of serum cortisol was clearly flattened in old subjects, due to the selective increase in the cortisol nocturnal levels, particularly evident in demented subjects; on the other hand, the morning serum cortisol levels were not significantly different among centenarians, young and old controls [16].
• Percutaneous coronary intervention in octogenarians and the safety of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors [31].
• Centenarians had also a whole body glucose disposal (WBGD) greater than that in aged subjects, but similar to that in adults [32].
• The relationship of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) to endocrine-metabolic parameters and functional status in the oldest-old. Results from an Italian study on healthy free-living over-ninety-year-olds [33].

Gene context of Aged, 80 and over

• Genetic analysis of Paraoxonase (PON1) locus reveals an increased frequency of Arg192 allele in centenarians [34].
• In this study we examined 230 Japanese centenarians and 180 healthy younger controls and looked at the SHC1 locus as a candidate region that may be associated with longevity [35].
• Although heterozygous CETP deficiency and the B2 allele of the Taq1B polymorphism was consistently associated with higher HDL-C concentrations both in centenarians and controls, the allelic frequencies of those polymorphisms did not differ between the two groups [36].
• Apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism influences serum APOE levels in Alzheimer's disease patients and centenarians [37].
• CONCLUSION: Low-grade activation of the TNF system could limit the increase in muscle strength after resistance training in the oldest old [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Aged, 80 and over

• We found here that MLH1 is associated with longevity by comparing a centenarian group with a control group [39].
• Sedation with propofol for routine ERCP in high-risk octogenarians: a randomized, controlled study [40].
• In multivariate analysis, a model made by age, sex, body mass index, fasting plasma triglycerides, HOMA and PAI-1 gene explained 65 and 50% of plasma PAI-1 level variations in aged subjects and centenarians, respectively [25].
• In a subset of 16 controls and 24 centenarians, cellular poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase content was determined by quantitative western blotting, thus allowing the calculation of specific enzyme activity [41].
• Serum IL-18 and IL-18BP levels were measured by non-cross-reacting ELISA in 16 healthy centenarians and in two age-control populations, each of 18 healthy individuals aged 55.9+/-1.43 and 74.3+/-1.35, respectively, as well as in 23 CIS patients, and another cohort of 23 healthy subjects that were age- and sex-matched with CIS patients [42].

References