Disease relevance of Pleuropneumonia

• Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, contains a periplasmic Cu- and Zn-cofactored superoxide dismutase ([Cu,Zn]-SOD, or SodC) which has the potential, realized in other pathogens, to promote bacterial survival during infection by dismutating host-defense-derived superoxide [1].
• A subspecies relationship with the existing species Mycoplasma capricolum is appropriate for the F38 group of mycoplasmas, the causative agent of classical contagious caprine pleuropneumonia [2].
• Role of haemophilus pleuropneumoniae lipopolysaccharide endotoxin in the pathogenesis of porcine Haemophilus pleuropneumonia [3].
• We present the case of a 16-year-old girl with an extended thrombosis of the femoral and iliac vein and the inferior vena cava during pleuropneumonia; predisposing risk factors for thrombophilia were: use of contraceptives, nicotine abuse and congenital deficiency of antithrombin III (not previously diagnosed) [4].
• A mycoplasma identified as Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides LC type was isolated from an outbreak of caprine pleuropneumonia and serofibrinous peritonitis [5].

High impact information on Pleuropneumonia

• Differentiation of F38 mycoplasmas causing contagious caprine pleuropneumonia with a growth-inhibiting monoclonal antibody [6].
• The impact of Escherichia coli-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the pharmacokinetic parameters of enrofloxacin in swine was assessed to determine whether this model would substitute for a pleuropneumonia infection model for pharmacokinetic evaluation of drugs [7].
• The addition of maltose to the growth media of Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (serotype 1) resulted in the induction of an outer membrane protein (OMP) with a molecular mass of 42 kDa [8].
• This suggests that NF-kappaB plays a key role in triggering the activation of iNOS in porcine pleuropneumonia [9].
• Inflammatory cytokines, pleuropneumonia infection and the effect of dexamethasone [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Pleuropneumonia

• Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia is a major threat for cattle in Africa. Since 1956 the T1/44 strain has been used as a vaccine, and later on, T1sr, a streptomycin-resistant variant that gives fewer post-vaccinal reactions had been developed [11].
• Capsular polysaccharide conjugate vaccines against contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: Immune responses and protection in mice [12].
• A latex agglutination test for field diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia [13].
• Medication with feed containing 400 mg and 800 mg oxytetracycline/kg failed to prevent pleuropneumonia in the challenged pigs, and the mortality rates in these groups were two out of 10 and one out of nine pigs, respectively [14].
• Variations in urinary gamma glutamyl transferase/urinary creatinine ratio in horses with or without pleuropneumonia treated with gentamicin [15].

Biological context of Pleuropneumonia

• Over the past few years the role of Mycoplasma F38 in contagious caprine pleuropneumonia has been confirmed in Sudan as well as in Kenya, and further disease outbreaks involving the subspecies of M. mycoides have also occurred in goats [16].

Anatomical context of Pleuropneumonia

• Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia serotype 2--effects on the interferon-alpha production of porcine leukocytes in vivo and in vitro [17].

Gene context of Pleuropneumonia

• Pharmacologic modulation of iNOS and COX-2 activity may represent a therapeutic target for pigs with pleuropneumonia [18].
• Nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were detected and localized in 15 pigs with naturally occurring pleuropneumonia by use of in situ hybridization with a nonradioactive digoxigenin-labeled cDNA probe [19].
• CT diagnosis of delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia simulating massive pleuropneumonia [20].
• The purpose of this study was to examine whether pentoxifylline would inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines, particularly tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), and thereby decrease the pathophysiology of acute porcine pleuropneumonia [21].
• Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: mouse-protective antibody in the sera of infected and vaccinated cattle [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pleuropneumonia

• Diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia by detection and identification of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis [23].
• The latex agglutination test detected antibodies in the sera of goats by 22 +/- 2 (mean +/- 1 sd) days after contact exposure to contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, whereas the complement-fixation test detected antibodies by 24 +/- 4 days after contact exposure [13].
• Latex beads were sensitised with a polysaccharide isolated from a F38 culture supernatant and used in a slide agglutination test to detect serum antibodies in goats with contagious caprine pleuropneumonia [13].
• Vaccination against contagious caprine pleuropneumonia caused by F38 [24].
• Serodiagnosis of pleuropneumonia using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with capsular polysaccharide antigens of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 2, 5 and 7 [25].

References