Disease relevance of Tissue Fixation

• In the present study we examined by morphometry the effect of tissue fixation and processing on the immunocytochemical morphology of the Golgi apparatus of motor neurons from spinal cords of five controls and in one patient with leptomeningeal lymphoma [1].
• In the case of sectioned cells fixed overnight with formalin, simulating conditions used in routine tissue fixation, this approach failed to demonstrate EBV DNA present at less than 100 copies per cell, that is, at the level found in Raji cells [2].
• Using uniform systematic random sampling, we tested whether a drop in mitoses and PCNA (proliferation cell nuclear antigen) positive cells following a delay in tissue fixation of up to five hours, would be unequivocally discernible at the well perfused periphery from 11 aggressive rat adenocarcinomas [3].

Psychiatry related information on Tissue Fixation

• The inclusion of a formic acid step in routine formaldehyde tissue fixation will thus provide histologic sections of excellent quality, and virtually eliminate the risk of handling infectious material in the subsequent neuropathologic processing of tissues from patients with CJD [4].

High impact information on Tissue Fixation

• Tissue fixation in 95% ethanol 1% acetic acid (EA) resulted in an enhanced and defined cytoplasmic staining of the normal colon cell lining the mucosal surface and upper levels of the glandular crypts [5].
• Tissue fixation in formalin supplemented with acetic acid served to extract non-cross-linked fibrin, fibrinogen, and fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products, thus ensuring that clotted and cross-linked fibrin was the major immunoreactant [6].
• Previously, we have shown that in situ detection of different types of L-selectin ligands is highly dependent on the tissue fixation protocol used [7].
• Limitations of postmortem assessment of human coronary artery size and luminal narrowing: differential effects of tissue fixation and processing on vessels with different degrees of atherosclerosis [8].
• As a corollary, it is suggested that tight complexing of calcium ions or other divalent metal cations with proteins during formaldehyde tissue fixation is responsible for the masking of certain antigens [9].

Biological context of Tissue Fixation

• We have used an in vivo bioassay based on microwave irradiation as a means of rapid tissue fixation, followed by the determination of cyclic AMP concentration using a protein binding assay [10].
• HgCl2 treatment reduced water flow and inhibited the sieving of Na+ without causing any untoward changes in microvascular permeability, compared with that of fixed control rats, in which the peritoneal cavity was exposed to tissue fixation alone [11].

Anatomical context of Tissue Fixation

• In the experimental animal, these four types of neurotoxic diseases can be distinguished by examining selected areas of brain and nerve tissues prepared by contemporary methods of tissue fixation [12].
• Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in the rat gastric mucosa. The significance of post mortem changes and tissue fixation on the estimation of the in vivo level [13].
• METHODS: Five pairs of corneas [with one cornea of each pair receiving balanced salt solution (Endosol; Allergan, Irvine, CA, U.S.A.) and the other receiving Endosol with 10 micrograms/ml of ofloxacin] underwent perfusion for 3 h with corneal pachymetry every 15 min followed by tissue fixation [14].
• The properties of guanethidine, namely its selective action on blocking the sympathetic nervous system peripherally, together with its long half time and rapid tissue fixation, render it a very useful drug in techniques where an isolated limb is blocked with guanethidine [15].

Associations of Tissue Fixation with chemical compounds

• The nitrate reduction products generated in such preparations markedly speed up discoloration in the models and apparently contribute to the improved clinical utility of the topical treatment by enhancing the speed and intensity of tissue fixation, but not tissue erosion [16].
• The influence of chronic exposure to antipsychotic medications on brain size before and after tissue fixation: a comparison of haloperidol and olanzapine in macaque monkeys [17].
• Immunostains after glutaraldehyde-based tissue fixation [18].
• Effect of a selective beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, procaterol, on tissue cyclic AMP level. Its determination after tissue fixation by microwave irradiation [19].
• Tissue fixation with ethanol (85%) and the addition of 0.2 mmol/L EDTA helped to achieve an amplification rate between 67% (segments 200 to 400 bp) and 72% (segments <200 bp) [20].

Gene context of Tissue Fixation

• The detection of TLR2 mRNA in human lung tissue prompted us to localize the expression of mRNA and protein at the cellular level using a novel method for tissue fixation [21].
• Despite various modifications in tissue fixation and immunohistochemical staining as well as use of different commercially available MRP2 antibodies, we never observed any unequivocal MRP2 staining in the brain of normal rats [22].
• To determine the effect of tissue fixation and staining methods on the pattern of CK7/20 staining, unstained slides were exchanged between institutions, stained separately by each institution, and reexamined by all pathologists [23].
• All the antibodies showed a similar specific labelling pattern: both glandular and ductal cells were immunoreactive for both IL-1 alpha and beta, provided optimal tissue fixation was used [24].
• Similar localization of the AT1 receptor was obtained using the three tissue fixation methods, although the intensity of vascular and glomerular staining was highest in Bouin-fixed tissues [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Tissue Fixation

• Effect of formalin tissue fixation and processing on immunohistochemistry [26].
• The inclusion of cationic dyes during tissue fixation gave rise to numerous electron-dense precipitates within the elastin fibers, suggesting the presence there of glycosaminoglycans or proteoglycans, among which unsulfated and sulfated chondroitins were demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy to be prominent [27].
• Reliability of results was ensured by prompt tissue fixation and the use of biotin-labelled lectins in conjunction with the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method [28].

References