Disease relevance of Spirometry

• Six patients with chronic cough, without history of dyspnea or wheezing, had normal base-line spirometry but hyper-reactive airways, as demonstrated with methacholine [1].
• Lung volumes were measured by spirometry and helium-dilution technique in 28 young adult men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration and compared with 16 age- and height-matched adult men without diabetes [2].
• METHOD: Fifty-nine patients with DSM-III-R panic disorder and 39 normal volunteers were challenged with 5% and 7% CO2 inhalation and room air hyperventilation separated by room air breathing with continuous spirometry [3].
• The more positive and homogeneous changes in spirometry with albuterol, along with greater changes in these measures across the day when compared with placebo, suggest that albuterol improves pulmonary function in a majority of hospitalized patients with cystic fibrosis [4].
• METHODS: The response to isocapnic hyperventilation with cold air was assessed by respiratory impedance measurements and spirometry in 60 patients with bronchial asthma in whom the provocative dose of histamine resulting in a 20% fall in FEV1 (PD20) was < or = 8 mumol [5].

Psychiatry related information on Spirometry

• Smoking cessation: effects on symptoms, spirometry and future trends in COPD [6].
• CONCLUSIONS: Individualized outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in end-stage COPD can produce a measurable improvement in spirometry and exercise tolerance with a favorable impact on the level of physical activity [7].

High impact information on Spirometry

• Spirometry, symptoms, use of rescue medication (200 microg of albuterol inhaled as needed), and adverse effects were also assessed [8].
• The presence of COPD was assessed by a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and by spirometry [9].
• A modified, respiratory symptom questionnaire and spirometry were administered to all study participants before and after their work shift, and formaldehyde levels were determined for each test subject [10].
• Pulmonary function tests included spirometry, N(2) wash-out and the single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL(CO)) corrected for the alveolar volume (DL(CO)/V(A)) [11].
• Measurements were made of bronchial reactivity, exhaled nitric oxide (a marker of airway inflammation), spirometry, serum eosinophilic cationic protein concentration, and 10-hour overnight urinary cortisol excretion [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Spirometry

• Clinical and radiological assessment of 100 patients (97 female) with primary Sjögren's syndrome was performed within six months of diagnosis in conjunction with spirometry and measurement of transfer factor for carbon monoxide (TLCO) [13].
• Twenty-seven surgical patients who developed post-extubation hypoxemia unresponsive to routine respiration therapy (incentive spirometry and chest physical therapy) received continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) delivered through a mask at an inspired oxygen fraction (FIO2) of 0.45 [14].
• The effects of oral slow-release terbutaline on the circadian variation in spirometry and arterial blood gas levels in patients with chronic airflow obstruction [15].
• A comparison of the presence of arthritis, prednisone treatment, spirometry, and number of organs involved with sarcoidosis was made in patients with a history or clinical findings of CTS versus those without [16].
• N-acetylcysteine in cystic fibrosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: clinical score, spirometry and ciliary motility [17].

Biological context of Spirometry

• Exposures were followed by serial spirometry and measurement of pulse, blood pressure, exhaled carbon monoxide (CO), and methacholine reactivity, as well as sputum induction and venesection for up to 4 h after exposure, and a repeat of all these procedures at 24 h after exposure [18].
• In a double-blind, placebo controlled study, we administered 0.05 ml/kg of 10 mM GSNO or phosphate buffered saline by aerosol to patients with CF and followed oxygen saturation, spirometry, respiratory rate, blood pressure, heart rate, and expired nitric oxide (NO) [19].
• In participants with OLD and those with normal spirometry, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) was associated with IL-6 (adjusted regression coefficients (beta) = -5.3 (95% CI -9.1 to-1.5) and -3.1 (95% CI -4.3 to -1.9), respectively) [20].
• METHODS: Thirty-two adult asthmatic women with regular menstrual periods recorded daily asthma symptoms, medication use, and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) over six consecutive menstrual cycles, and underwent spirometry and methacholine bronchoprovocation during the luteal and follicular phases of 2 cycles [21].
• STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine if spirometry is essential for the early detection of COPD in general practice, compared to the screening value of a short questionnaire [22].

Anatomical context of Spirometry

• OBJECTIVE: We investigated the relationships among ENO, eosinophilic airway inflammation as measured by induced sputum, and physiologic parameters of disease severity (spirometry and methacholine PC(20)) [23].
• Each subject completed a respiratory questionnaire and underwent spirometry, measurement of bronchodilator response and peak expiratory flows, an allergy skin-prick test, blood eosinophil count, assay for total serum IgE level, and methacholine challenge [24].
• They were prospectively evaluated on the basis of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, lymphocyte count, C3 degradation products, quadriceps muscle biopsy, spirometry, lung volumes, carbon monoxide transfer factor, and mouth pressure during a maximal sniff [25].
• In this study we have correlated the plasma levels of the anti-oxidant vitamins C and E, and beta-carotene with smoking histories, the release of reactive oxidants from circulating phagocytes and spirometry in asymptomatic cigarette smokers [26].
• METHODS: 28 male players, 15 backs and 13 forwards, underwent maximal treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX), lung spirometry, a 3 km timed run, and body fat measurement [27].

Associations of Spirometry with chemical compounds

• Spirometry and methacholine challenge were carried out, and total and specific IgE were measured [28].
• PATIENTS AND METHODS: Spirometry and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) were measured at zero, three, six, 12, 18, and 24 months, with a mean follow-up of 351 days [29].
• On their test day 1 the subjects came to the pulmonary function laboratory having been off theophylline for 24 hours and beta 2-agonists for 12 hours and performed a baseline spirometry [30].
• Each was then treated with isoproterenol, at hourly intervals, for a minimum of six hours, and the serial changes in plethysmography, spirometry, lung volumes, subjective complaints and physical findings that occurred as the patients improved were observed [31].
• Intraesophageal infusions of physiologic saline and 0.1N hydrochloric acid in patients and healthy controls did not significantly alter pulmonary function, as measured by standard spirometry [32].

Gene context of Spirometry

• Participants with OLD had lower quadriceps strength (102.5 Nm v 108.9 Nm, p = 0.02), lower maximum inspiratory pressure (64.7 cm H(2)O v 74.2 cm H(2)O, p<0.0001), higher systemic interleukin (IL)-6 levels (2.6 pg/ml v 2.2 pg/ml, p<0.0001), and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (3.5 mg/l v 2.5 mg/l, p<0.0001) than those with normal spirometry [20].
• There were no significant correlations between myeloperoxidase levels and the spirometry parameters or eosinophil parameters [33].
• CONCLUSION: While elevation of ECP, EPX and MPO in the serum of childhood asthmatics suggests ongoing inflammation and may inversely correlate with spirometry parameters in some patients, the relationship between these markers and airway function is not a simple one [33].
• There was no correlation between serum or sputum ET-1 levels with the serum and sputum levels of the interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha; the number of bronchiectasis lung lobes; and spirometry [34].
• Eight adult subjects with stable asthma underwent spirometry, bronchoprovocation challenge with methacholine, and cough challenge testing with capsaicin, before and after a 7 day course of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (200 mg orally, twice daily) and placebo, in a randomized, double-blind, crossover fashion [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Spirometry

• All subjects were studied by resting spirometry, echocardiography and a symptom limited treadmill exercise test (modified Bruce protocol) [36].
• To measure the bronchodilator effect, DIs were performed immediately after the first spirometry after methacholine, and were followed by another lung function test [37].
• In a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study, patients performed spirometry and symptom-limited constant-load cycle exercise before and 1 h after receiving 500 micrograms of nebulized ipratropium bromide (IB) or saline placebo [38].
• Tests included respiratory questionnaires, spirometry, methacholine challenge, and allergy skin tests [39].
• Serial spirometry (FEV1 and FVC), lung volumes, and diffusing capacities (single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lungs) were measured before and at 10 and 20 weeks after treatment [40].

References