Disease relevance of Los Angeles

• HIV incidence among injection drug users enrolled in a Los Angeles methadone program [1].
• SETTING--On February 14, 1992, more than 100 passengers on a flight from South America to Los Angeles, Calif, were infected with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 [2].
• Among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who were hospitalized in New York City, San Francisco, Calif, and Los Angeles, Calif, from 1983 through 1988, we observed a marked shift in the payer distribution toward Medicaid and away from private insurance [3].
• Characteristics of Los Angeles, Calif., residents in whom carcinomas of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, and penis were diagnosed during the period 1972-81 were compared with those of all residents and with those in whom any cancer was diagnosed during the same period [4].
• INTERPRETATION: The A49T variant of the SRD5A2 gene may be a significant contributor to the incidence of prostate cancer in African-American and Hispanic men in Los Angeles. We estimate that the population attributable risk due to this aminoacid substitution for clinically significant disease is about 8% in both populations [5].

Psychiatry related information on Los Angeles

• Hepatitis, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and hepatocellular carcinoma in Los Angeles [6].
• Louis, Missouri; Durham, North Carolina; and Los Angeles, California. The risk of panic attacks was observed to be greater for identified cocaine users in this sample, as compared with subjects who did not use cocaine during the follow-up interval [7].
• Two strategies for preventing the onset of alcohol abuse, and marijuana and cigarette use were tested in junior high schools in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, California. The first strategy taught skills to refuse substance use offers [8].
• Use ecology and drug use motivations of methamphetamine users admitted to substance abuse treatment facilities in Los Angeles: an emerging profile [9].
• These results suggest that local preventive education programs do not need to address distinctive patterns of drug-related risk behavior among injection cocaine users and injection heroin users in Los Angeles [10].

High impact information on Los Angeles

• An HLA-matching method based on compatibility at 10 key amino acid residues of HLA-A and B molecules and a limited number of HLA-DR types was evaluated with use of the HLA types of the patients currently on the national waiting list and waiting lists in Los Angeles and Birmingham, Alabama. RESULTS [11].
• Interviews of 45 patients and 89 matched controls in Los Angeles County showed that illness was associated with penicillin or tetracycline use during the month before onset (P less than 0.001) and with eating ground beef during the week before onset (P = 0.052) [12].
• Tectonic contraction across Los Angeles after removal of groundwater pumping effects [13].
• SETTING: Three states (California, Utah, and Vermont) and 6 cities (Boulder, Colo; Flagstaff, Ariz; Los Angeles, Calif; Mesa, Ariz; New York, NY; and San Francisco, Calif) in which the effect on tourism of smoke-free restaurant ordinances had been debated [14].
• Five counties in Southern California including Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, Riverside, and San Diego. PARTICIPANTS [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Los Angeles

• Fifteen patients with lymphoma and hypercalcemia (greater than or equal to 11.0 mg/dL) were identified by screening the serum chemistry profile obtained from patients upon admission to the Los Angeles County/USC Medical Center. Seven of the 15 (47%) possessed a frankly elevated serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2-D] [16].
• Fluosol (Alpha Therapeutic Corporation, Los Angeles, CA) an emulsion of perfluorocarbons with a high oxygen-carrying capacity, was approved as an adjunct to alleviate myocardial ischemia during coronary angioplasty [17].
• PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-seven AA patients from the King/Drew Medical Center in Los Angeles were recruited from the Hypertension, Family Practice, and General Medicine Clinics for a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial [18].
• The Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen (LAPSS) is a 1-page instrument designed to allow prehospital personnel to rapidly identify acute stroke patients in the field [19].
• We conclude that in Los Angeles, a setting where there is no ongoing outbreak of drug-resistant tuberculosis, isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis is not more common in HIV-infected patients [20].

Biological context of Los Angeles

• Duarte 1 (or Los Angeles) and Duarte 2 (or Duarte) variants carry the same amino acid substitution, N314D, even though D1 is associated with increased erythrocyte GALT activity and D2 with reduced activity [21].
• The fluoride content of the water supplies ranged from 0.37 ppm (Los Angeles) to 1.04 ppm (Grand Rapids) [22].
• Lung cancer risk in relation to the CYP2C9*1/CYP2C9*2 genetic polymorphism among African-Americans and Caucasians in Los Angeles County, California [23].
• Replacement of isoleucine-397 by threonine in the clotting proteinase factor IXa (Los Angeles and Long Beach variants) affects macromolecular catalysis but not L-tosylarginine methyl ester hydrolysis. Lack of correlation between the ox brain prothrombin time and the mutation site in the variant proteins [24].
• IGF1 genotype, mean plasma level and breast cancer risk in the Hawaii/Los Angeles multiethnic cohort [25].

Anatomical context of Los Angeles

• Hepatic artery embolization with a nonimmunogenic, crosslinked microfibrillar collagen preparation (Angiostat, Collagen for Embolization, Target Therapeutics, Los Angeles, CA) was studied in mongrel dogs [26].
• In a review of all autopsies performed between 1950 and 1993 at Los Angeles County + University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA, the authors found one patient with pancreatic and 5 with peripancreatic lymph node granuloma [27].
• METHODS: The Los Angeles County/University of Southern California Cancer Surveillance Program (CSP) collected data on 8820 newly diagnosed thyroid cancer of cases occurring in Los Angeles County. Average annual age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated to study the epidemiology of each of the major histologic types of thyroid carcinoma [28].
• During the past ten years, subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism was performed upon 43 children at Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles. There were no deaths, no recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries and no permanent hypoparathyroidism [29].

Associations of Los Angeles with chemical compounds

• This report gives the results of assays of circulating steroid hormone levels in white and black college students in Los Angeles, CA [30].
• Sixty-five surgically excised, formalin-fixed endometrial tissue specimens were accessioned through the Department of Pathology Registry at the University of California, Los Angeles, and analyzed for UPAR expression by using immunohistochemical techniques [31].
• Patients received alternate 90-second balloon inflations with and without distal perfusion of oxygenated perfluorochemical (Fluosol, Alpha Therapeutic Corp., Los Angeles, California) at 60 ml/min [32].
• The experiments were performed in Bochum, and the calculations were carried out in Osaka and Los Angeles. As the cyclobutene ring-opening transition structure approaches planarity, the energy gap between allowed conrotatory and the forbidden disrotatory pathways decreases [33].
• Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, Medical Center suggest that amikacin interacts more frequently in a synergistic manner with beta-lactams than do alternative aminoglycosides [34].

Gene context of Los Angeles

• Three hundred twenty-eight non-Hispanic white residents of Los Angeles County (265 males and 63 females) were genotyped for the presence or absence of GSTM1 alleles and phenotyped for CYP1A2 activity [35].
• On the other hand, comparison of either series from Mexico-city with the Los Angeles or the San Antonio studies yielded discrepancies in several specificities of both HLA-A and B loci, most notably the consistent absence of A25 in Mexican Mestizos living in Mexico-City [36].
• There were no significant difference in the relative mRNA expression levels of CXCR-1 and -2 among endoscopic grades of RE based on the Los Angeles classification [37].
• The study was performed at the Clinical Research Center of the Childrens Hospital, Los Angeles. The effects of alpha-helical CRH on autonomic parameters (blood pressure, pulse, temperature, respiration) were determined [38].
• Approximately 12% of the U.S. population is Hispanic, with the majority residing in urban centers such as Los Angeles. The prevalence of BRCA mutations among high-risk Hispanic families is unknown [39].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Los Angeles

• To evaluate the protective efficacy of polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) and polyribosylribitol phosphate-diphtheria toxoid (PRP-D) vaccines in children 18 to 59 months of age, we conducted a case-control study in Los Angeles (Calif) County between July 1, 1988, and July 31, 1989 [40].
• We studied 41 cases of HCC from the Los Angeles area for evidence of EBV infection by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction methods [41].
• The RAND 36-item general health survey, University of California Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Index, American Urological Association symptom index, validated Cancer Interference with Life and Family Scales, and sociodemographic and co-morbidity questionnaires were completed 3 to 17 months after treatment [42].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: We tested the characteristics of the percent free PSA monoclonal Immulite DPC Immunoassay (Diagnostic Products Corp., Los Angeles, California) for predicting organ confinement in 698 consecutive unscreened men treated only with radical prostatectomy between 1995 and 2000 [43].
• Amplification of the beta-globin gene by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing were used for a fast and reliable identification of the beta-globin variant Hb D Los Angeles and revealed the predicted G----C substitution in codon 121 [44].

References