Disease relevance of Plant Roots

• Calcium spiking in plant root hairs responding to Rhizobium nodulation signals [1].
• Repression of Pseudomonas putida phenanthrene-degrading activity by plant root extracts and exudates [2].
• The results of this study add three new members to the genus Azoarcus, which previously comprised only nitrogen-fixing species associated with plant roots and denitrifying toluene degraders [3].
• 5. Based on this evidence, it is concluded that the sensitivity to acid stress in spinach could mask the potential role for oxalate to protect the plant roots from Al toxicity [4].
• Ethanol leads to anomalous chromosome segregation in Aspergillus, to mutations in yeast, to chromosomal aberrations and SCEs in plant root tips and to disturbances of meiosis and micronuclei in tetrads in Zea and Tradescantia respectively [5].

High impact information on Plant Roots

• Kinetic analyses showed that AtKUP1-mediated K+ uptake displays a "biphasic" pattern similar to that observed in plant roots [6].
• Hydrogen peroxide mediates plant root cell response to nutrient deprivation [7].
• AtHKT1 is a salt tolerance determinant that controls Na(+) entry into plant roots [8].
• Two of these cDNAs, shst1 and shst2, encode high-affinity H+/sulfate cotransporters that mediate the uptake of sulfate by plant roots from low concentrations of sulfate in the soil solution [9].
• SYMRK (symbiosis receptor kinase) is required for early signal transduction leading to plant root symbioses with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and phosphate-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Plant Roots

• These results indicate that the primary target of proton toxicity may be linked to a disturbance of the stability in the pectic polysaccharide network, where calcium plays a key role in plant roots [11].
• These results appear to be the first report of an increase in nitrate uptake by plant roots under anoxia of tomato at the early fruiting stage, and the rates of nitrite release in nutrient medium by the asphyxiated roots are the fastest yet reported [12].

Biological context of Plant Roots

• The ATP effects may be attributable to the disturbance of auxin distribution in roots by exogenously applied ATP, because extracellular ATP can alter the pattern of auxin-induced gene expression in DR5-beta-glucuronidase transgenic plants and increase the response sensitivity of plant roots to exogenously added auxin [13].
• The plant root tip represents a fascinating model system for studying changes in Golgi stack architecture associated with the developmental progression of meristematic cells to gravity sensing columella cells, and finally to "young" and "old", polysaccharide-slime secreting peripheral cells [14].
• We have analyzed aquaporin family structure and expression using the A. thaliana genome sequence, and introduce a new NMR approach for the purpose of analyzing water movement in plant roots in vivo [15].

Anatomical context of Plant Roots

• Electrophysiological study with oxonol VI of passive NO3- transport by isolated plant root plasma membrane [16].

Associations of Plant Roots with chemical compounds

• These results show that extracellular phytase activity of plant roots is a significant factor in the utilization of phosphorus from phytate and indicate that opportunity exists for using gene technology to improve the ability of plants to utilize accumulated forms of soil organic phosphorus [17].
• The results obtained show that plant roots respond to low external pH by a sustained elevation in [Ca2+]c. In the presence of aluminium, this pH-mediated elevation in [Ca2+]c does not occur, therefore any potential calcium-mediated protection against low pH is likely to be irreversibly inhibited [18].
• This agreed with the previous observation that 15 mM NO3- short-circuits the plant root PM H+-ATPase at its optimal pH of 6.5 [16].
• Plant roots secrete a complex polysaccharide mucilage that may provide a significant source of carbon for microbes that colonize the rhizosphere [19].
• More importantly, inoculation of sunflower roots with the engineered rhizobacterium resulted in a marked decrease in cadmium phytotoxicity and a 40% increase in cadmium accumulation in the plant root [20].

Gene context of Plant Roots

• Inactivation of nirK had no significant effect on the ability of A. tumefaciens to bind to plant roots regardless of the oxygen tension, but it did decrease the occurrence of root-associated fluorescent cells [21].
• We show here that the expression pattern of RAT5 correlates with plant root cells most susceptible to transformation [22].
• New data supporting the relevance of this gene to plant-microbe interactions show that a bioS-gusA reporter fusion is expressed by bacteria on plant roots, by bacteria in alfalfa root nodules, and more generally by any stationary-phase bacterial cells in the presence of biotin [23].
• Removal of plant roots before transferring the plants to high-salt conditions reduced only slightly the accumulation of BADH transcripts in the leaves [24].
• This paper tests directly the hypothesis that the dominant KIR channel in plant roots (AKT1) does not contribute significantly to Cs(+) uptake by comparing Cs(+) uptake into wild-type and the akt1 knockout mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh [25].

References