Disease relevance of Neutralization Tests

• HL-23V was indistinguishable from SSV-1/SSAV-1 by immunofluorescence and neutralization tests, and the nontransforming virus associated with HL-23V completely inhibited SSV-1 focus induction in interference tests [1].
• Antigenic similarities of VP4 epitopes between the Gottfried strain and human rotaviruses were detected by a plaque reduction neutralization test with hyperimmune antisera produced against the Gottfried strain or a Gottfried (10 genes) x human DS-1 rotavirus (VP7 gene) reassortant which exhibited serotype 2 neutralization specificity [2].
• Reference human sera and sera from primary EBV infections were used to compare the three virus strains in a virus neutralization test based on inhibition of stimulation of DNA synthesis [3].
• Plaque-reduction neutralization tests were done with eight of nine known representative hantaviruses and immune sera from experimentally infected animals and from patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) [4].
• The classical assay to measure vaccinia neutralization, the plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT), is slow, labor intensive, and difficult to validate and transfer [5].

High impact information on Neutralization Tests

• Additional significant biological activity for the anti-47 K mol wt immunogen mAb was revealed through results of the in vitro-in vivo neutralization test of Bishop and Miller, in which a 99% or 100% neutralizing activity was demonstrated [6].
• Neutralization tests of this factor-induced proliferation of spleen cells revealed that a major part of the factor may be GM-CSF or a molecule closely related to it [7].
• Tissue culture neutralization tests were performed on the sera from 9 patients; significant rises in the antibody titres (greater than or equal to 1:16) to AHC virus antigens were found in 8 cases, and in 2 of them a fourfold rise in the paired sera was noted [8].
• A comparison of mean antibody titers of post-inoculation sera showed that the RIA was 300 and 1000 times more sensitive than the HI and neutralization tests, respectively [9].
• Both Fab 5H2 and Fab 5D9 neutralized DENV-4 efficiently with a titer of 0.24 to 0.58 micro g/ml by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), whereas DENV-4-neutralizing activity of other Fabs was low or not detected [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Neutralization Tests

• Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies with known specificity for either the 54K envelope glycoprotein or the 48K non-structural glycoprotein of yellow fever (YF) virus-infected cells were studied in plaque reduction neutralization tests [11].
• Comparison of the latex agglutination test with the hemagglutination inhibition test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and neutralization test for detection of antibodies to rubella virus [12].
• Phages 16, 44, 109, F8, and PBI are lipopolysaccharide (LPS) specific as shown by neutralization tests [13].

Biological context of Neutralization Tests

• The BKV antibody prevalence in the sera collected at the time of the first prenatal visit was 75% by hemagglutination inhibition and 91% by neutralization tests [14].
• Considerable differences in antibody responses measured by capture-IgM RIA and neutralization tests (NT) were seen in children with newly diagnosed type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) when five different strains of Coxsackie B4 virus (CBV-4) were used [15].
• The GPI/aGPI combination was judged to have lupus anticoagulant-like activity by the dRVVT-platelet neutralization test, but this was not confirmed by a lupus anticoagulant-specific test, i.e., the activated partial prothrombin time (APTT) using hexagonal phospholipid [16].
• Randomly selected vaccinated sheep mounted good cell-mediated immunity and humoral responses as measured by glucose utilization test and serum neutralization test, respectively, for the study period of 6 months [17].

Anatomical context of Neutralization Tests

• In vitro neutralization tests with pure antibody and IL-6 demonstrated that, with both antibodies tested, more than 1000-fold molar excess of antibody is needed for neutralization in the hybridoma growth assay [18].
• In the Winn tumor neutralization test, peritoneal macrophages harvested from normal mice 24 h after a single injection of liposomes (2.5 mumol) containing LYNK or CRP markedly inhibited tumor growth when a mixture of effector-target cells (40 : 1) was injected in the footpad [19].
• The sera were screened for neutralizing antibody to Lumbo (LUM), snowshoe hare (SSH), and trivittatus (TVT) viruses by plaque neutralization tests on Vero cells [20].
• The sera with rheumatoid factor (RF) that did not agglutinate human Rh+ erythrocytes sensitized by incomplete Rh antibodies, Ripley, could be tested in an AA neutralization test without any further treatment [21].
• A neutralization test with antibodies against G-, M- and GM-CSF indicated the stimulation for the proliferation of CMK and mouse bone marrow cells to be mediated partially by the CSFs [22].

Associations of Neutralization Tests with chemical compounds

• Thrombin generation and neutralization test (TGNT) - a simple, practical, and sensitive assay for plasma heparin quantitation [23].
• The results of the neutralization test also indicated that type C1 and D toxin preparations contain several common antigenic sites in their molecules [24].
• Haemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization tests using rabbit sera to the E2 glycoprotein of TON, BB and PARA viruses showed them to be indistinguishable from each other and closely related to prototype subtype III virus Mucambo (MUC) [25].
• An antigen-blocking or neutralization test (Abbott) confirmed the results of the Ortho assay [26].
• The test used viral antigen purified in a sucrose density gradient, and the antibody titers detected were up to 100 times higher than those seen in the serum neutralization test [27].

Gene context of Neutralization Tests

• Neutralization test with antibodies and proliferative response to interleukin-3 (IL-3)/granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-responding IC2 cells demonstrated that the hemopoietic activities were attributed to GM-CSF and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) [28].
• The IFN produced was shown to be HuIFN-beta by assaying it on homologous and heterologous cells, and by neutralization tests with specific antisera [29].
• Furthermore, anti-IL-1beta antibody (neutralization test) did not prevent the stimulation of IL-6 release by RCC [30].
• Antibody neutralization tests of the PC-PS-MNC-CM5 revealed that the growth-inhibitory and differentiation-inducing activities were mainly due to the elevated cytokines of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha [31].
• This neutrophil chemotactic factor was identified as interleukin-8 (IL-8) by the elution position on HPLC and by a neutralization test that uses monoclonal anti-IL-8 antibody (14E4) [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Neutralization Tests

• The sera thus obtained, containing antibodies to E protein as shown by Western blot analyses, were tested for neutralizing activity by the plaque reduction neutralization test [33].
• Twelve of them had been receiving steroid therapy and 15 of the 18 were found to be seronegative by complement fixation and neutralization tests before the vaccination [34].
• Rhinovirus (RV) infections in Seattle Virus Watch (VW) families (1965-1969) were monitored by screening respiratory specimens in WI-38 cell cultures and by homotypic neutralization tests on sera related to family episodes revealed by RV isolation [35].
• The IFN produced was characterized as IFN-alpha by neutralization tests using specific antisera to HuIFN-alpha, HuIFN-beta and HuIFN-gamma, and by radioimmunoassay [36].
• Sera were tested for presence of specific antibodies to sand fly fever (SF) Sicilian, SF Naples, and Toscana viruses by both indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFT) and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) [37].

References