Disease relevance of Loligo

• We find that half of the pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) in the squid (Loligo pealei) giant axon is cytoplasmic and that this species of G protein is intermediate in size between the two forms present in axolemma [1].
• Comparison of DFP-hydrolyzing enzyme purified from head ganglion and hepatopancreas of squid (Loligo pealei) by means of isoelectric focusing [2].

High impact information on Loligo

• We now report that injection of Quin-2 into squid (Loligo forbesi) axons can almost completely abolish one component of Ca2+ entry--intracellular Na+ (Nai)-dependent Ca2+ inflow, which occurs via Na/Ca exchange [3].
• We demonstrate that alternatively spliced RNAs derived from a single Pax-6 gene in the squid (Loligo opalescens) are expressed in the embryonic eye, olfactory organ, brain, and arms [4].
• Two lysine isoacceptor tRNAs corresponding to the codons AAA and AAG, respectively, were isolated from squid (Loligo bleekeri), and their nucleotide sequences were determined [5].
• Adenylate kinase (ATP:AMP phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.4.3) from the mantle muscle of the squid, Loligo pealeii, was purified over 170-fold to homogeneity as judged by polyacrylamide and starch gel electrophoresis [6].
• In squid (Loligo bleekeri) mitochondria, the two 3'-terminal nucleotides (G72-G73) of the tRNA(Tyr) gene overlap with the two 5'-terminal nucleotides (G1-G2) of the downstream tRNA(Cys) gene [7].

Biological context of Loligo

• The steady-state voltage and [Na(+)](o) dependence of the electrogenic sodium pump was investigated in voltage-clamped internally dialyzed giant axons of the squid, Loligo pealei, under conditions that promote the backward-running mode (K(+)-free seawater; ATP- and Na(+)-free internal solution containing ADP and orthophosphate) [8].
• Illumination of squid photoreceptors (Loligo opalescens or Loligo pealei) resulted in phosphorylation of rhodopsin and a 55 000-dalton protein [9].
• The effect of the cardiotonic aglycone, strophanthidin, on sodium and potassium efflux, membrane potential, membrane conductance, potassium permeability, and the shape of the action potential of the giant axon of the squid, Loligo pealei, was examined [10].
• In mitochondria of the squid, Loligo bleekeri, both the AGA and AGG codons are considered to correspond to serine instead of arginine as in the universal genetic code, and its genome encodes a single tRNA(Ser) gene with the anticodon GCT [11].

Anatomical context of Loligo

• Molecular cloning and expression of a full-length cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase in optic lobes of the squid Loligo opalescens: a new member of the cholinesterase family resistant to diisopropyl fluorophosphate [12].
• Isolation, cloning, and characterisation of a trp homologue from squid (Loligo forbesi) photoreceptor membranes [13].
• Flash photolytic release of L-glutamate from a pharmacologically inert 'caged' L-glutamate pre-equilibrated in the stellate ganglion of Alloteuthis or Loligo was used to determine whether L-glutamate can produce postsynaptic activation when released rapidly in the synaptic clefts [14].
• Acetylcholine mediates excitatory input to chromatophore motoneurons in the squid, Loligo pealeii [15].
• In the post-gastrulation embryo of the Atlantic squid, Loligo pealei, the cells of the developing blastoderm are joined to each other by intercellular bridges which may provide a means of cytoplasmic communication between the cells [16].

Associations of Loligo with chemical compounds

• 4. In the presence of ATP, orthophosphate and succinate, Ca uptake appreciable and after 4 hr exposure of Loligo axoplasm to 0.1 microgram-Ca, approximately 100 mumole Ca/kg axoplasm was bound [17].
• Light-induced changes in the content of inositol phosphates in squid (Loligo pealei) retina [18].
• 3-O-methylglucose transport in internally dialysed giant axons of Loligo [19].
• Proceedings: Calcium uptake by axoplasm extruded from giant axons of Loligo [20].
• The action of benzyl alcohol was studied on the voltage-clamped giant axons of Loligo forbesi [21].

Gene context of Loligo

• Serum paraoxonase (PON1) is a calcium-dependent six-fold beta-propeller protein structurally similar to the di-isopropylfluorophosphatase (DFPase) found in the squid Loligo vulgaris [22].
• Todarodes rhodopsin contained characteristic sequences of PPQGY repeated in the C-terminal region, as reported in Loligo and octopus rhodopsins [23].
• Here we report the cDNA cloning and characterization of a 48-kDa visual arrestin from squid (Loligo pealei) [24].
• Three major polypeptides co-purify with neurofilaments from squid (Loligo forbesi) axoplasm: P60 (apparent Mr 60,000), P200 (apparent Mr 200,000) and Band 1 (apparent Mr 400,000) [25].
• The outer segments of Loligo contain retinochrome and metarhodopsin in addition to rhodopsin, whether squids are kept in the dark or in the light [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Loligo

• Insights into the reaction mechanism of the diisopropyl fluorophosphatase from Loligo vulgaris by means of kinetic studies, chemical modification and site-directed mutagenesis [27].

References