Disease relevance of Ejaculatory Ducts

• Prostatic cancers were mostly P-cadherin negative, but some tumors had P-cadherin-positive areas frequently located close to ejaculatory ducts and negative for prostatic-specific antigen [1].
• Chronic prostatitis has been proved to cause scarring of the prostatic and ejaculatory ducts, resulting in low seminal volume with low fructose and alpha-glucosidase [2].
• Ten cases of ejaculatory duct obstruction with midline cyst, complaining of male infertility, were treated with transurethral incision [3].
• Congenital cysts in the midline of the prostate gland can cause obstruction of the ejaculatory ducts leading to congestion and dilation of the seminal vesicles with the result of small volume ejaculate or infertility [4].

High impact information on Ejaculatory Ducts

• EST 5 is expressed in the eyes and hemolymph of transformed D. melanogaster just as it is in D. pseudoobscura, but it is not detectable in the ejaculatory duct, where the homologous enzyme, EST 6, is most abundant [5].
• Glucose dehydrogenase (GO) was found to be expressed during the pupal stage in both sexes of Drosophila melanogaster, but is limited to the male ejaculatory duct at the adult stage [6].
• In females, dCREB-A is expressed in the ovarian columnar follicle cells, and in males, dCREB-A RNA is seen in the seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct, and ejaculatory bulb [7].
• P-cadherin was expressed in epithelial cells of the seminal vesicles and ejaculatory ducts [1].
• Epithelial cells of prostatic glands, ejaculatory ducts, and seminal vesicles expressed E-cadherin but not N-cadherin [1].

Biological context of Ejaculatory Ducts

• The ejaculatory duct/oviduct enhancer retains the ability to activate expression in both the developing and the mature reproductive tract, suggesting that the same basic enhancer elements activate Gld expression during metamorphosis and in adults [8].
• We studied the immunohistological localization of metallothionein (MT), a low molecular weight metal binding protein, in male rat genital organs (testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle, coagulating gland, and prostate) by use of the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method [9].

Anatomical context of Ejaculatory Ducts

• A model of the evolution of Gld expression in the ejaculatory duct and oviduct is presented [8].
• With the exception of a weak PSA immunoreactivity in the proximal portions of the ejaculatory duct, none of the latter antisera reacted with seminal vesicle, ampullary, and ejaculatory duct epithelium [10].
• NADPH diaphorase histochemistry and NOS immunohistochemistry localized NOS to neuronal fibers coursing throughout the smooth musculature and subepithelial regions of the epididymis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory duct [11].
• ERbeta was expressed throughout the UGE, ejaculatory ducts, müllerian ducts and entire stroma at 7 weeks [12].
• The sex-peptide DUP99B is expressed in the male ejaculatory duct and in the cardia of both sexes [13].

Associations of Ejaculatory Ducts with chemical compounds

• The diagnosis of ejaculatory duct obstruction in each patient was confirmed by vasography with a combined iodinated contrast medium and methylene blue solution for radiological and direct visualization [14].
• Normal ejaculatory duct luminal and wall dimensions are remarkably uniform among men [15].
• Holmium laser lithotripsy for ejaculatory duct calculi [16].
• In patients with bilharzial seminal vesiculitis, it has been proved by the fructose test, seminal vesiculography, and casting that the vesicular and ampullary canals as well as the ejaculatory ducts are patient [17].
• It is synthesized in the male ejaculatory duct via a 54 amino-acid precursor containing an N-terminal signal peptide and Arg-Lys at the C-terminus which is cleaved off during maturation [18].

Gene context of Ejaculatory Ducts

• AR levels in adult reproductive tissues (prostate, endometrium, ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, testis, seminal vesicle, myometrium, and ejaculatory duct) ranged from 0.1 to 2 [19].
• However, the expression pattern of Andropin is distinct from that of Cecropins, being restricted to the adult male ejaculatory duct [20].
• The DUP99B that is synthesized in the ejaculatory duct is transferred, during mating, into the female genital tract [13].
• CD44 v3-v10 was also expressed in other keratin 14-negative prostate tissues, the ejaculatory ducts and prostatic urethra [21].
• The SREC activates a heterologous hsp70 promoter in the ejaculatory duct, but not in other reproductive tract tissues, suggesting that the SREC acts synergistically with Gld promoter proximal elements [8].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ejaculatory Ducts

• Intraoperative transrectal ultrasonography in the management of ejaculatory duct obstruction caused by midline prostatic cyst [22].

References