Disease relevance of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis

• Hepatitis B surface antigen was determined in sera of 122 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma seen in Japan, using both the counterimmunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunoassay (RIA) techniques [1].
• The results with reference sera, as well as the correlation of positive sera found by counterimmunoelectrophoresis and complement fixation with the proposed antigen, in the absence of other types of antibodies to fowl plague virus antigen, support the conclusion that the counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique reveals type-specific antibodies [2].
• Urine counterimmunoelectrophoresis for S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae polysaccharide antigens was positive in 3% and 2% of cases, respectively [3].
• Soluble antigens of Haemophilus influenzae type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and group B streptococcus were looked for in cerebrospinal fluid, serum, and urine by using the staphylococcal coagglutination test, latex agglutination test, and counterimmunoelectrophoresis [4].
• The counterimmunoelectrophoresis assay of sera from the immunodeficient patient group was not able to discriminate significantly between invasive candidiasis and colonization [5].

High impact information on Counterimmunoelectrophoresis

• The specific antiserum against a type of ferritin that is especially common to leukemia cells and the placenta was used to test, by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis, sera from humans with various diseases [6].
• The current review focuses on the sensitivity, specificity, and practical use of several diagnostic tests, including methods for culture of the etiologic agent, cellular cytotoxicity assays, latex agglutination tests, enzyme immunoassay systems, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, fluorescent-antibody assays, and polymerase chain reactions [7].
• The ANA pattern was defined by IFL on HEp-2 cells and the SMA-AA identified by the presence of at least two of the following elements: 1) SMA(T) or SMA(G) pattern by IFL on kidney sections; 2) XR1 precipitating system by counterimmunoelectrophoresis; or 3) typical pattern by IFL on liver sections from phalloidin-intoxicated rats [8].
• After solid-phase adsorption treatment with glutaraldehyde-cross-linked normal human plasma, acetone-extracted normal liver tissue powder, and glutaraldehyde-fixed Raji cells, one antiserum reacted specifically with breast tissue extracts but not with extracts of other tissues, as examined by a counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique [9].
• Although 53% of the SLE patients with anti-P had concomitant anti-Ro antibodies, none had anti-La (as detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis

• Advantage of latex agglutination over countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis in the detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b antigen in serum [11].
• Among patients with cryptococcal meningitis, counterimmunoelectrophoresis detected polysaccharide in the CSF when the India-ink examination was negative [12].
• Hepatic amebiasis: diagnostic counterimmunoelectrophoresis and metronidazole (flagyl) therapy [13].
• It is concluded that in an area where typhoid is endemic counterimmunoelectrophoresis using veronal buffer extract as the antigen is superior to the Widal test for serological diagnosis of typhoid fever [14].
• The technique of counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) has been adapted for detection of serum precipitins to calf thymus (CT) DNA in patients with SLE, discoid LE, miscellaneous connective tissue and infectious diseases, and control populations [15].

Biological context of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis

• Cross-reactions between alpha-streptococci and Omniserum, a polyvalent pneumococcal serum, demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence, immunoelectroosmophoresis, and latex agglutination [16].
• The contamination was absent both with acute viruses as resulted from hemadsorption on cell cultures and counterimmunoelectrophoresis, and with slow viruses as observed from a two year-follow up of guinea pigs injected intracerebrally with the hGH preparation [17].

Anatomical context of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis

• Although pneumococcal polysaccharide antigen was found by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in 25 of 30 middle ear effusions, it could not be detected in the serum from infected animals [18].
• Using counterimmunoelectrophoresis, the concentrations of polysaccharide antigen in the body fluids of these patients could be estimated [12].
• Antibodies to the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) component of extractable nuclear antigen were measured in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other connective tissue subgroups by counterimmunoelectrophoresis [19].
• Detection of polysaccharide cell wall antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a rabbit model by counterimmunoelectrophoresis [20].
• Precipitin lines were obtained by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) only when human lymphocyte extracts were used and not with rabbit thymus acetone powder [21].

Associations of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis with chemical compounds

• The absorbed serum contained no organisms but had residual polysaccharide when measured by counterimmunoelectrophoresis against type-specific antisera [22].
• The purity of the product was monitored by discontinuous polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and counterimmunoelectrophoresis, both of which must be used to ascertain what proteins are present at each step of the purification [23].
• Exotoxin production was determined by the rabbit skin test and by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis with type-specific antisera [24].
• This antigen was also stable during prolonged storage at 4 and -20 degrees C in 10% Formalin or distilled H2O as assessed by counterimmunoelectrophoresis [25].
• The Rose Bengal test was positive in five out of five patients studied, and counterimmunoelectrophoresis was positive in all but one [26].

Gene context of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis

• The detection of anti-Ro/SS-A and anti-La/SS-B antibodies. A comparison of counterimmunoelectrophoresis with immunoblot, ELISA, and RNA-precipitation assays [27].
• Clinical details were obtained from 68 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome, and serum samples were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using purified recombinant La, 60-kDa Ro, and 52-kDa Ro proteins and by counterimmunoelectrophoresis [28].
• Counterimmunoelectrophoresis for antibodies to Sm, RNP, SS-A and SS-B were negative [29].
• Fifteen serum cryoprecipitates from 28 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) contained DNA demonstrable by counterimmunoelectrophoresis after exhaustive digestion of cryoimmunoglobulin with pronase [30].
• Finally, when lysates from VV:ADSP-infected cells were compared with standard ADV antigens in counterimmunoelectrophoresis assays, a similar pattern of specific reactivity was observed for sera from normal and infected mink [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis

• METHODS: All sera were tested by indirect immunofluorescence, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, and immunoblotting visualised by enhanced chemiluminescence [32].
• The findings from this assay indicated that PCR offers increased specificity and sensitivity over latex agglutination and counterimmunoelectrophoresis and should prove useful in the identification of additional cases of severe illness caused by S. pneumoniae [33].
• These antibodies were compared by counterimmunoelectrophoresis, latex agglutination, and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for their sensitivity in detecting toxin A. Our findings indicate that these antibodies may be useful as immunodiagnostic reagents for Clostridium difficile disease [34].
• Cross-reactive problems encountered with latex agglutination and the expense of performing countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis or the antiserum agar test made these tests less practical than the slide agglutination test to identify single strains that were already isolated [35].
• Serological reactions were detected by direct immunofluorescence, immunoelectroosmophoresis, and latex agglutination [16].

References