Disease relevance of Altrenogest

• Effects of altrenogest and exogenous gonadotropins on ovarian function and embryo recovery in swine leukocyte antigen inbred miniature swine as influenced by cystic endometrial hyperplasia [1].
• Colts were from dams treated daily from Day 20 to 325 of gestation with (1) 2 ml neobee oil per 50 kg body weight (controls); or (2) 2 ml altrenogest per 50 kg body weight [2].
• To determine the relative survival of porcine embryos after co-culture with cells producing an avian retrovirus, four-cell stage embryos were obtained from sows following synchronization with altrenogest and superovulation with gonadotropins [3].

Psychiatry related information on Altrenogest

• It was concluded that prolonged oral administration of altrenogest at recommended dose rate to sedentary mares had no effect on dominance hierarchies, body-mass or condition score [4].

High impact information on Altrenogest

• Thirty-seven follicles (2-4 per pig) were dissected from 12 pigs during early luteal phase of the estrous cycle on Days 5, 6, and 7 of the estrous cycle, whereas 34 follicles (2-4 per pig) were dissected from 11 pigs on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 of a follicular phase synchronized by altrenogest [5].
• Expression of different molecular mass forms of inhibin in atretic and nonatretic follicles during the early luteal phase and altrenogest-synchronized follicular phase in pigs [5].
• RNA was isolated from 59 individual follicles dissected from 18 pigs during altrenogest-synchronized preovulatory follicular maturation: at Day 1 (pre-follicular phase), Day 3 (early follicular phase), Day 5 (mid-follicular phase), and Day 7 (late follicular phase, 24-36 h after the onset of the LH surge) [6].
• Altrenogest (ALT), a synthetic progestogen, and exogenous gonadotropins were administered to the Swine Leukocyte Antigen (SLA) inbred miniature pig that typically has a reduced ovulation rate and small litter size [1].
• Fillies were from dams treated daily from Days 20 to 325 of gestation with: (1) 2 ml neobee oil per 50 kg body weight (controls); or (2) 2 ml altrenogest (2.2 mg/ml) per 50 kg body weight [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Altrenogest

• Corn oil or estradiol (2 micrograms/kg body weight), 5 ml of charcoal-extracted porcine serum (pS) or pFF were injected im four times at 8-h intervals and gilts were sacrificed 24 or 96 h after last feeding of altrenogest [8].

Biological context of Altrenogest

• We determined changes in plasma hormone concentrations in gilts after treatment with a progesterone agonist, Altrenogest (AT), and determined the effect of exogenous gonadotropins on ovulation and plasma hormone concentrations during AT treatment [9].
• Compared to untreated cycles, mean ovarian PI values were elevated (P < 0.05) only in the estrus following altrenogest administration [10].
• Thirty-four gilts in two experiments were fed altrenogest for 18 d to block spontaneous growth of ovulatory follicles after luteolysis [8].
• Estrous synchronization and fertility in gilts after 14- or 18-day feeding of altrenogest beginning at estrus or diestrus [11].
• Reproductive traits, lactation and foal growth in mares fed altrenogest [12].

Anatomical context of Altrenogest

• Four to 18% of the females still had corpora lutea after altrenogest [13].
• Altrenogest decreased serum concentrations of LH and T, TSW, daily spermatozoa output (DSO), the percentage of normal spermatozoa and libido [14].
• Oocytes (n = 138) from > or = 3 mm follicles were recovered from gilts (n = 3/d) on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 of the follicular phase initiated by withdrawal of altrenogest treatment [15].
• Our results indicate a marked potential for increasing litter size in gilts mated at their pubertal estrus because their unstimulated ovulation rate (no altrenogest or flushing) did not challenge adequately the biological capacity of their uteri [16].
• Altrenogest (22 mg/day) was continued until Day 28 (fetal heart beat) [17].

Associations of Altrenogest with other chemical compounds

• Testosterone effects on mares during synchronization with altrenogest: FSH, LH, estrous duration and pregnancy rate [18].
• The mares were fed altrenogest for 15 to 20 days and were examined for follicle development, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation during treatment [19].
• Serum testosterone and estradiol in testicular venous effluent at castration were lower (P less than .01) in altrenogest-treated boars than in controls [20].
• In vitro development of embryos from superovulated gilts treated with the progesterone agonist, altrenogest (Regu-Mate) or the prostaglandin analogue, cloprostenol (Planate) [21].
• Synchronization of estrus in swine with allyl trenbolone (RU-2267) [22].

Gene context of Altrenogest

• These data demonstrate that feeding altrenogest inhibits both testicular growth and steroidogenesis of boars without altering body growth or backfat thickness [20].
• In summary, the 3-d high dose FSH treatment (FSH28 and FSH28+hCG) during an altrenogest-synchronized follicular phase increased the number of potentially ovulatory follicles, but this potential benefit was not realized because many follicles failed to ovulate [23].
• Altrenogest started by d 110 prevented unscheduled early farrowing and increased (P less than .01) gestation length by 1.7 and 1.1 d, respectively, at UD and UM, but had not effect at BARC [24].
• This study was conducted to compare the in vitro development of embryos from superovulated postpubertal gilts synchronized with progesterone agonist altrenogest (REG, Regu-Mate) and those from superovulated prepubertal gilts synchronized with prostaglandin analogue cloprostenol (PLA, Planate) [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Altrenogest

• Use of altrenogest to prepare ovariectomized mares as embryo transfer recipients [25].
• Groups of six, six and eight miniature gilts, respectively, received 5, 10 or 15 mg/day of altrenogest for 18 days, and the numbers of corpora lutea and residual follicles were counted approximately 14 days after the treatment by an exploratory laparotomy [26].
• Pregnancy rates at Day 35 for mares administered injectable P4 (70%) were identical to those given altrenogest [27].
• Mares (n = 6) fed altrenogest were inseminated during the first estrus after treatment and mares (n = 6) in the control group were inseminated during the second postpartum estrus [12].
• Oral administration of altrenogest for oestrus suppression in competition horses is believed to be widespread in some equestrian disciplines, and can be administered continuously for several months during a competition season [4].

References