Disease relevance of Embryo Transfer

• Normal pregnancies have been established in four women with tubal infertility by fertilization in vitro, embryo culture, and embryo transfer after stimulation of follicular growth with clomiphene citrate [1].
• An undetected C. trachomatis infection may be responsible for implantation failure or spontaneous abortion after IVF and embryo transfer [2].
• We have tested the value of maternal plasma creatine kinase activity for diagnosing ectopic pregnancies obtained after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer [3].
• Hypersensitivity to progesterone-in-oil after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer [4].
• A patient with genital tuberculosis who conceived with in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer following hysteroscopic synechiolysis complicated by a fundal uterine perforation subsequently presented with uterine rupture at 36 weeks gestation [5].

High impact information on Embryo Transfer

• Information about the timing of activation of the embryonic genome in the human is of relevance not only to the therapeutic practice of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF), but more importantly for the successful development of techniques for the preimplantation diagnosis of certain inherited genetic diseases [6].
• As the Mta type of a mouse cannot be influenced by embryo transfer or foster nursing, we concluded that it was determined by a cytoplasmic factor (Mtf), transmitted through the egg [7].
• These findings demonstrate the feasibility of establishing and maintaining normal pregnancy by combining surrogate embryo transfer with an exogenous steroid hormone regimen, even in the complete absence of ovarian function [8].
• The effect of in vitro preimplantation exposure of mouse embryos to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) on development subsequent to embryo transfer into pseudopregnant surrogate mothers has been investigated [9].
• To determine the impact of PI3K inhibition on pregnancy outcome, embryo transfer experiments were performed [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Embryo Transfer

• DESIGN: The late estradiol (E2) concentration in 48 viable pregnancies and 39 pregnancies which resulted in spontaneous abortions after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer were used to evaluate such predictability [11].
• Thirty-one patients with severe mechanical infertility were treated with clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) at the start of our in vitro-fertilization and embryo-transfer program [12].
• Does preoperative administration of metamizol (Novalgin) affect postoperative body weight and duration of recovery from ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia in mice undergoing embryo transfer: a preliminary report [13].
• The cumulative ongoing pregnancy rate to date for the whole population from fresh and cryopreserved embryos was 21.6% per embryo transfer (range from 13.3% for DES patients to 33.3% for immunologic infertility) [14].
• In the absence of any histological evidence of tubal damage, we suspect that the levonorgestrel from Levonelle-2 could have been responsible for delayed embryo transfer which resulted in the ectopic pregnancy [15].

Biological context of Embryo Transfer

• Prenatal uterine effects have ramifications for biotechnologies utilizing embryo transfer as well as predictions about evolutionary change by selection [16].
• Four different situations have been identified that result in the syndrome: in vitro embryo culture, asynchronous embryo transfer into an advanced uterine environment, nuclear transfer and maternal exposure to excessively high urea diets [17].
• The data show that fetal growth acceleration as well as fetal growth restriction, resulting from between-breed embryo transfer in the horse, leads to altered postnatal regulation of blood pressure and the circulating concentrations of cortisol [18].
• In a comprehensive embryo transfer study in mice, we examined the late gestational and postnatal effects of embryo exposure to the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), identified as a key physiological regulator of cell number and viability in mouse and human blastocysts [19].
• Oocyte quantity (means = 18/animal) and quality (63% mature) were evaluated by in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryonic development, and embryo transfer to foster mothers [20].

Anatomical context of Embryo Transfer

• In oocyte donation patients with IF undergoing 2-day embryo transfer, implantation and pregnancy rates were significantly lower (4.5% and 13.3%; P < 0.01) than with coculture; however, in IVF patients with IF, results with day 2 transfer (10.7% and 35%) were similar to those with coculture [21].
• Human granulosa-luteal cells and cumulus cells obtained from women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were examined for the presence of TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 mRNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis [22].
• Using a specific proteoglycan (PG) radioimmunoassay (RIA) in which human cartilage antiserum was directed against the PG protein core, the PG content of follicular fluid (FF) obtained from 42 women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) was studied as a function of IVF-ET outcome [23].
• Ontogeny of adenosine deaminase in the mouse decidua and placenta: immunolocalization and embryo transfer studies [24].
• Eight women were scheduled for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET), and 4 for gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) [25].

Associations of Embryo Transfer with chemical compounds

• We present data on serum PP14 levels in 12 women (median age, 30.5 yr; range, 26-37 yr) with premature ovarian failure (POF) who conceived after ovum donation and embryo transfer with exogenous sex steroid support using transdermal (n = 5) or oral (n = 7) estradiol and vaginal (n = 8) or im (n = 4) progesterone [26].
• Concentrations of estradiol-17 beta (E2), progesterone (P) and androstenedione (A4) in the fluid of individual donor follicles were measured and related to the success of fertilisation of oocytes in vitro and the incidence of pregnancies after embryo transfer [27].
• Direct enzyme immunoassay of estradiol in serum of women enrolled in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program [28].
• The present study is the first to report on the usefulness of puromycin for production of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgenic piglets after somatic cell cloning and embryo transfer [29].
• Endometrial preparation for frozen-thawed embryo transfer with or without pretreatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist [30].

Gene context of Embryo Transfer

• CONCLUSION(S): Elevated maternal serum levels of VEGF, as early as 11 days after embryo transfer, are associated with ectopic pregnancies after IVF [31].
• CONCLUSIONS: Elevated maternal serum levels of IL-2 sRalpha and IFN-gamma as early as 11 days after embryo transfer are associated with poor IVF pregnancy outcome [32].
• PURPOSE: Follicular fluid concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, IGF-binding protein (BP)-1, and IGFBP-3 in 57 women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer were examined to determine whether levels reflected differences in patients' exposure to gonadotropin stimulation and a diminished ovarian reserve [33].
• The levels of COX-2 in preovulatory fluid obtained from 20 subjects underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, and were assayed using enzyme immunoassay for human COX-2 [34].
• In addition, full-sib families of beef cattle generated by embryo transfer and half-sib families from traditional matings in which coat colour was segregating were used to correlate TYRP1 sequence variants with dilute coat colours [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Embryo Transfer

• Twenty IVF patients and 15 ovum donation patients with 3 previously failed cycles in whom a 2-day embryo transfer was performed were used as controls [21].
• Elevated serum progesterone level on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration does not adversely affect implantation rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer [36].
• Serum concentrations of total and free androstenedione, testosterone and oestradiol were followed during the follicular phase in women undergoing ovarian stimulation for treatment by in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and compared to those in natural unstimulated cycles [37].
• The control group comprised 80 computer-matched women: 40 who had conceived and delivered following three or less IVF and embryo transfer cycles, and 40 who were healthy nulligravidas [38].
• Significant elevations in serum progesterone (P) concentrations were found in the pregnant group from the day after laparoscopy through embryo transfer [39].

References