Disease relevance of Superovulation

• The purpose of the present investigation was to define the relationship between serum GH and estradiol levels during the follicular phase in women with normal ovulatory menstrual cycles compared with that in women undergoing superovulation with human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) alone or hMG plus GnRH agonists during treatment for infertility [1].
• OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of superovulation with buserelin acetate, human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the treatment of infertility associated with minimal or mild endometriosis [2].
• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after superovulation using GnRH agonists for IVF and related procedures [3].
• Its combination with human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) for superovulation has increased the success rate in patients with premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges, a poor response, endometriosis or polycystic ovarian disease [4].
• Because there was no adverse effect of gossypol on superovulation response or embryo development despite concentrations of gossypol in endometrium that are toxic to embryos, it is likely that systems exist in the reproductive tract to limit gossypol toxicity [5].

High impact information on Superovulation

• Aged female Bax-/- mice fail to become pregnant when housed with young adult males; however, metaphase II oocytes can be retrieved from, and corpora lutea form in, ovaries of aged Bax-/- females following superovulation with exogenous gonadotropins, and some oocytes are competent for in vitro fertilization and early embryogenesis [6].
• Hsf2(-/-) females also display hormone response defects, that can be rescued by superovulation treatment, and exhibit abnormal rates of luteinizing hormone receptor mRNAs [7].
• Further studies showed that superovulation caused a dramatic increase in the expression of mouse ovastacin, indicating that the production of this enzyme is under hormonal regulation [8].
• These criteria should help clinicians in managing ovarian responses during IVF superovulation stimulation treatment [9].
• These results represent the first demonstration that an attenuated LH surge is obtained in normally cycling women during superovulation induction with sequential clomiphene/pulsatile hMG treatment [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Superovulation

• Superovulation with clomiphene citrate should be attempted in patients with unexplained infertility prior to using menotropin therapy [11].

Biological context of Superovulation

• Timing and superovulation were induced by an injection of pregnant mares' serum on the first morning of the estrus cycle, followed by injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the evening of the fourth day [12].
• Superovulation of red deer hinds with eCG causes premature luteal regression by inducing follicular hypersecretion of estrogen that activates the luteolytic mechanism [13].
• The uptake and retention of 3H-estradiol by the ovine corpus luteum (induced by superovulation) was maximal through days 8-12 of the cycle with little or no uptake and retention during luteinization or regression [14].
• The rapidity and reproducibility of this serum estrogen assay make it suitable for office use in monitoring ovulation induction and superovulation in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer programs [15].
• Infertility in these cases, which is due to a functional tubal factor, is best treated with IVF-ET rather than superovulation and intrauterine insemination treatments [16].

Anatomical context of Superovulation

• Increased oocyte degeneration in rats is associated with enhanced ovarian androgen secretion following superovulation with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) [17].
• The method is applicable to assisted reproduction specialized units as well as district general hospitals that use gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in their superovulation regimens before IVF, gamete intrafallopian transfer, or intrauterine insemination [18].
• Using an immunohistochemical method, PGH synthase was localized in the mouse embryo and uterus from superovulation through embryo implantation [19].
• PURPOSE: To investigate whether inhibin B and activin A serum and follicular fluid levels in infertile women undergoing induction of superovulation correlate with successful ovulation [20].
• Suitable parameters for selecting cows for superovulation, next to a rectal investigation, seem to be a biochemical investigation of cervical mucus on the occurrence of carbohydrates and of abnormal indole- and cholesterol-metabolites [21].

Associations of Superovulation with chemical compounds

• Alteration of the serum follicle-stimulating hormone to luteinizing hormone ratio in the cyclic hamster treated with antiluteinizing hormone: relationship to serum estradiol, free antiluteinizing hormone, and superovulation [22].
• Antiluteinizing hormone: chronic influence on steroid and gonadotropin levels and superovulation in the pregnant hamster [23].
• During the induction of superovulation with PMS and hCG, the values of PdGl increased significantly (P less than 0.0005; by Student's t test) from 2.08 +/- 0.97 to 3.99 +/- 2.55 ng/ml (mean +/- SD) at the time of corpus luteum formation [24].
• When tested in vivo the ER-sparing antiprogestins were as effective as RU486 in suppressing superovulation [25].
• In this study, proliferation of the OSE was quantified in response to superovulation induced by ip injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in immature 27-d-old CD1 mice using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) [26].

Gene context of Superovulation

• Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) was infused to the right uterine horns to mimic enhanced IGF-I actions after superovulation [27].
• RESULTS: Elevated IGF-I levels and suppressed IGFBP levels were found from days 1 to 3 of pregnancy after superovulation [27].
• The ovarian function of Hexb(-/-) females was determined by superovulation studies [28].
• Using a superovulation regimen and in vitro culture system, we demonstrate herein that the ovulatory process, not follicular growth, oocyte maturation, or fertilization, is primarily affected in adult COX-2- or EP(2)-deficient mice [29].
• The increased maternal serum HCG in IVF pregnancies is thus not related to superovulation therapy [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Superovulation

• Fluorogestone acetate (vaginal sponge for 4 days) and PMSG (i.m. injection at the time of sponge insertion) treatment was administered to seven 3-month-old calves to induce superovulation [31].
• There was no difference in fertilization rate, the proportion of normally developing embryos, pregnancy rate, or birth rate between the treatment groups, We conclude that in the superovulation schedule used, P supplementation around the time of laparoscopy does not affect success rate of IVF [32].
• The high prevalence of tubal damage among IVF patients and the use of superovulation and multiple embryo transfer might predispose patients to the condition [33].
• Short versus long gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue suppression protocols for superovulation in patients > or = 40 years old undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection [34].
• It is stressed that properly controlled clinical trials to judge the relative merits of the various superovulation methods in current use for IVF have not been undertaken [35].

References