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Chemical Compound Review

AC1L3END     penta-1,2,3,4-tetraene

Synonyms: CTK1A5490, CH2=C=C=C=CH2, 12595-82-3, 21986-03-8, 1,2,3,4-Pentatetraene, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Carbon

 

Psychiatry related information on Carbon

  • Alprazolam blockade of CO2-provoked panic in patients with panic disorder [5].
  • Time-dependent aspects of CO2 induced amnesia and hippocampal monoamine metabolism in rats [6].
  • Decreased ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide (CO2) correlate with elevated scores on tests for depression in normal subjects and with episodes of endogenous depression in psychiatric patients [7].
  • Hippocampal monoamine metabolism and the CO2 induced retrograde amnesia gradient in rats [8].
  • The 35% CO2 challenge test in patients with social phobia [9].
 

High impact information on Carbon

  • Soil fertility limits carbon sequestration by forest ecosystems in a CO2-enriched atmosphere [10].
  • Influence of carbonic anhydrase activity in terrestrial vegetation on the 18O content of atmospheric CO2 [11].
  • Rising CO2 levels and the fecundity of forest trees [12].
  • Because estimates of CO2 on early Mars range from 0.5 to 5 bars, the 0.14-bar estimate is insignificant but the approximately 3-bar estimate will have a large effect on our understanding of the planet's evolution [13].
  • A natural experiment on plant acclimation: lifetime stomatal frequency response of an individual tree to annual atmospheric CO2 increase [14].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Carbon

 

Biological context of Carbon

  • Carbonic anhydrase and CO2 sensing during Cryptococcus neoformans growth, differentiation, and virulence [20].
  • Instructional set and physiological response to CO2 inhalation [21].
  • If cardiac output is reduced, the PvCO2 - PaCO2 difference increases, reflecting the increased venoarterial carbon dioxide (CO2) content difference (Fick principle) [22].
  • We report the use of three-carbon (C3) spacers to investigate the expandability of DNA hairpin loops and the coupling between the loop and closing base pair [23].
  • Early postoperative changes in regional systolic and diastolic left ventricular function after transmyocardial laser revascularization: a comparison of holmium:YAG and CO2 lasers [24].
 

Anatomical context of Carbon

  • Insufflation of the peritoneal cavity with CO2 is believed to be a causative factor in the development of abdominal wall metastases after laparoscopic resection of malignant tumors [2].
  • This study was designed to determine the effect of PM(10) (ambient EHC-93 or inert carbon [CC]) instillation exposure on the monocyte release from the BM and the role of AM in this response [25].
  • The lens epithelial cells, however, remain CO2-sensitive throughout development [26].
  • The data were examined with the aim of identifying the genes responsible for the change in carbon (C) flow into various cell wall components, and the mechanisms important for the formation of the gelatinous cell wall layer (G-layer) [27].
  • Conductances between paired Xenopus oocytes injected with Cx 43, Cx 45.6 and Cx 56 mRNAs revealed that all three connexins were CO2-sensitive in this expression system [26].
 

Associations of Carbon with other chemical compounds

  • The reaction catalyzed by serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT), the transfer of Cbeta of serine to tetrahydropteroylglutamate, represents in Eucarya and Eubacteria a major source of one-carbon (C1) units for several essential biosynthetic processes [28].
  • Since not all relA-dependent sti loci are induced during both C- and N-starvation, we propose that two separate ppGpp-dependent pathways function during C-starvation and N-starvation, respectively [29].
  • Two conformational parameters, the tetralin inversion angle (phi) and the dihedral angle tau(C1, C2, N, N-H or electron pair) (tau N), are shown to be critical for D2-receptor agonism; phi values around 0 degrees and tau N values around 60 degrees appear to be optimal [30].
  • Comparison of several indium-111 ligands in labeling blood cells: effect of diethylpyrocarbonate and CO2 [31].
  • For covalent binding at N2 of the central guanine, only the R configuration at the alkylating carbon (C7) was permitted for B DNA and the 3' direction in the minor groove was preferred by 50.6 kcal/mol [32].
 

Gene context of Carbon

  • Importantly, >30% of the identified genes (71 genes) were found to be associated with carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism and transport, thereby suggesting that Bmh1/2p may play a major role in the regulation of C/N-responsive cellular processes [33].
  • The results showed that VEGF mRNA abundance was increased three-fold and that of bFGF 1.5-fold when 12% O2+5% CO2 were breathed, but TGF-beta1 did not change [34].
  • When exposed to CO2, PMo show a decreased basal TNF-alpha release [35].
  • PXR activation by bile salts has expanded from narrow specificity for C27 bile alcohol sulfates (early fish) to a broader specificity for recent bile acids (birds, mammals) [36].
  • In the present series, the dopamine D2-receptor agonists have the S-configuration at the nitrogen-bearing carbon (C2), whereas the only established D2-receptor antagonist, 1S,2R-5-hydroxyl-1-methyl-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (1S,2R-UH-242), has the opposite absolute configuration at C2 [30].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Carbon

References

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  6. Time-dependent aspects of CO2 induced amnesia and hippocampal monoamine metabolism in rats. Van Eys, G., Rigter, H., Leonard, B.E. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. (1975) [Pubmed]
  7. Effect of desipramine on control of ventilation and depression scores in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Gordon, G.H., Michiels, T.M., Mahutte, C.K., Light, R.W. Psychiatry research. (1985) [Pubmed]
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  9. The 35% CO2 challenge test in patients with social phobia. Caldirola, D., Perna, G., Arancio, C., Bertani, A., Bellodi, L. Psychiatry research. (1997) [Pubmed]
  10. Soil fertility limits carbon sequestration by forest ecosystems in a CO2-enriched atmosphere. Oren, R., Ellsworth, D.S., Johnsen, K.H., Phillips, N., Ewers, B.E., Maier, C., Schäfer, K.V., McCarthy, H., Hendrey, G., McNulty, S.G., Katul, G.G. Nature (2001) [Pubmed]
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  12. Rising CO2 levels and the fecundity of forest trees. LaDeau, S.L., Clark, J.S. Science (2001) [Pubmed]
  13. Loss of atmosphere from Mars due to solar wind-induced sputtering. Kass, D.M., Yung, Y.L. Science (1995) [Pubmed]
  14. A natural experiment on plant acclimation: lifetime stomatal frequency response of an individual tree to annual atmospheric CO2 increase. Wagner, F., Below, R., Klerk, P.D., Dilcher, D.L., Joosten, H., Kürschner, W.M., Visscher, H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1996) [Pubmed]
  15. Circulatory dynamics during surface-induced hypothermia under halothane-ether azeotrope anesthesia. Haneda, K., Sands, M.P., Thomas, R., Merrick, S.H., Hessel, E.A., Dillard, D.H. Ann. Thorac. Surg. (1982) [Pubmed]
  16. Phosphorus-limited growth dynamics in two Baltic Sea cyanobacteria, Nodularia sp. and Aphanizomenon sp. Degerholm, J., Gundersen, K., Bergman, B., S??derb??ck, E. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  17. Dichloromethane metabolism and C1 utilization genes in Methylobacterium strains. Kayser, M.F., Ucurum, Z., Vuilleumier, S. Microbiology (Reading, Engl.) (2002) [Pubmed]
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  21. Instructional set and physiological response to CO2 inhalation. Welkowitz, L.A., Papp, L., Martinez, J., Browne, S., Gorman, J.M. The American journal of psychiatry. (1999) [Pubmed]
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  24. Early postoperative changes in regional systolic and diastolic left ventricular function after transmyocardial laser revascularization: a comparison of holmium:YAG and CO2 lasers. Hughes, G.C., Shah, A.S., Yin, B., Shu, M., Donovan, C.L., Glower, D.D., Lowe, J.E., Landolfo, K.P. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. (2000) [Pubmed]
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  31. Comparison of several indium-111 ligands in labeling blood cells: effect of diethylpyrocarbonate and CO2. Goedemans, W.T., de Jong, M.M. J. Nucl. Med. (1987) [Pubmed]
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  34. Diaphragmatic angiogenic growth factor mRNA responses to increased ventilation caused by hypoxia and hypercapnia. Siafakas, N.M., Jordan, M., Wagner, H., Breen, E.C., Benoit, H., Wagner, P.D. Eur. Respir. J. (2001) [Pubmed]
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