Disease relevance of cacodylic acid

• The segment extending from residues 114 to 121 assumes the same position as seen in the integrase core domain of avian sarcoma virus as well as human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) crystallized in the absence of sodium cacodylate [1].
• Because of these actions of electrolytes and macromolecules, cystine solubility in urine (from control subjects and patients with cystinuria) exceeded solubility in synthetic solution containing 5 mM sodium cacodylate by 68 to 89 mg./1 [2].
• The solution structure of the histone-like DNA-binding protein, HBsu, from Bacillus subtilis in 2 mM sodium cacodylate, pH 7.5, is sensitive to the ionic strength of the buffer [3].

High impact information on cacodylic acid

• One of them, grown from 30 mM sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 6 to 7) and 30% 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol with 20 mg/ml of protein, diffracts well to 2 A resolution [4].
• In a 10 mM sodium cacodylate, 0.2 mM disodium EDTA (pH 7) buffer, we have shown the following significant results [5].
• The catalytic core domain with the F185H mutation has been crystallized without sodium cacodylate in a new crystal form, free and complexed with the catalytic metal Mg2+ [6].
• The base-sequence selectivity of the noncovalent binding of (+/-)-trans-7,8-dihydroxy-anti-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyr ene (BPDE) to a series of synthetic polynucleotides in aqueous solutions (5 mM sodium cacodylate buffer, 20 mM NaCl, pH 7.0, 22 degrees C) was investigated [7].
• The apparent length increase of sonicated calf thymus DNA (150 +/- 20 base pairs) in 2.5 mM sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7) at 12 degrees C was determined to be 0.40 +/- 0.02 nm/bound drug) [8].

Biological context of cacodylic acid

• In the presence of native DNA the hydrolysis of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol 9,10-epoxide (BPDE) to tetrols (BPT) is markedly accelerated (by a factor of up to approximately 80 at 25 degrees C, pH 7.0, in 5 mM sodium cacodylate buffer solution) [9].

Anatomical context of cacodylic acid

• 3. In each transport mode, the intercellular spaces were measured after immersion in a series of fixatives in which the concentration of buffer (sodium cacodylate) was increased [10].
• Molar tooth germs from 3-day-old rats were fixed under microwave irradiation in 0.1% glutaraldehyde + 4% formaldehyde buffered at pH 7.2 with 0.1 M sodium cacodylate [11].
• Incisor and molar teeth were dissected from the animals, fixed in 2.0% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate with 3.4% sucrose, and subsequently some were incubated for alkaline phosphatase reaction, and embedded in Spurr's medium for sectioning at light- and electron-microscopic levels [12].
• In addition, two fresh corneas from the operating theatre were studied which were processed 6 months after storage in sodium cacodylate buffer [13].
• Adult rat spinal cords were perfused intracardially with aldehyde fixatives containing either sodium cacodylate or sodium phosphate buffer for EM studies [14].

Associations of cacodylic acid with other chemical compounds

• Their thermal denaturation proved to be a highly cooperative process with midpoint-temperatures (Tm) between 48.5 and 51 degrees C in 0.01 M sodium cacodylate, 1 mM EDTA, pH 6 [15].
• Crystals of the heme-Hmu O complex were obtained by the sitting drop vapor diffusion method using a precipitant solution containing 18% (w/v) PEG 8000 and 0.2 M calcium acetate in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate (pH 6.5) [16].
• Optimal results were obtained after perfusion fixation with 4-5% aldehydes, 0.1 M sodium cacodylate, 0.1% CaCl2, pH 7 [17].
• Tissues were stored in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.3, 4 degrees C) up to 2 weeks and were stained en bloc in uranyl acetate, dehydrated in a graded series of alcohols, and embedded in propylene oxide-Epon sequence [18].
• The crystallization solution contained 0.1 M sodium cacodylate pH 6.5, 150-170 mM magnesium acetate and 13% polyethylene glycol 8000 [19].

Gene context of cacodylic acid

• A novel arsenic-selenium solution species was synthesized by reacting equimolar sodium selenite and sodium dimethylarsinate with 10 mol equiv of glutathione (pH 7.5) in aqueous solution [20].
• The binding constant of cro repressor to the OR3 is found to be (6 +/- 1).10(6)M-1 at 20 degrees C in 10 mM sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.0) in the presence of 0.1 M NH4F [21].
• The procedure was developed for the detection of growth hormone and prolactin in bovine adenohypophysis fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde and 0.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer pH 7.4-7 [22].
• Specimens were either conventionally fixed for transmission electron microscopy or fixed in 0.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M sodium cacodylate buffer and embedded in LR White resin for immunocytochemistry [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of cacodylic acid

• The P protein is predominantly unfolded in 10 mM sodium cacodylate at neutral pH based on circular dichroism and NMR studies and therefore has several characteristics typical of "intrinsically unstructured" proteins [24].
• Protein aggregation is dependent on the concentration of background electrolyte since in the range 10-150 mM sodium cacodylate alternative stabilisation of dimeric and trimeric complexes was observed by both NMR and analytical ultracentrifugation [25].
• Following repeat angioscopy, all animals were sacrificed and vessels perfusion-fixed in situ with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate [26].
• 4. Isolated mandibular segments were further fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde, 2% formaldehyde, and CaCl2 (300 mg/l) in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 7.4, for 24 hr at 4 degrees C. The segments were then demineralized and cut into small pieces that were postfixed with 1% osmium tetroxide and further processed for electron microscopy [27].

References