Disease relevance of erbium

• Erbium: YAG laser ablation of osteoma cutis: modifications of the approach [1].
• In this plane, the erbium laser induced wound contracture was 12% at 1 month which remained stable and unchanged [2].
• RESULTS: Irrespective of the erbium laser system used, complete reepithelialization typically occurred at 0.5 weeks and resolution of erythema was noted within 1-2 weeks postoperatively [3].
• Root resection of endodontically treated teeth by erbium: YAG laser radiation [4].
• Suitable indications for the erbium laser are stenoses in the canaliculi, in the sac, but also for bone lacrimal bone cutting [5].

High impact information on erbium

• Erbium YAG laser for micromanipulation of oocytes and spermatozoa [6].
• The transmembrane potential of voltage-clamped squid giant axon is increased to compensate for a reduction in the rate of potassium channel kinetics when artificial seawater with trivalent erbium ion is substituted for artificial seawater [7].
• The degree of erbium partitioning into the nanocrystallite phase was found using energy transfer coefficients determined from bulk Er3+:LaF3 samples [8].
• A 980-nm pump-induced nonlinear refractive-index (n2) change in erbium-doped (20-m) and ytterbium-doped (20-m) fibers has been measured at 1064 nm by time-delayed photorefractive beam coupling in a co-propagating and counterpropagating geometry [9].
• Influence of the water content in dental enamel and dentin on ablation with erbium YAG and erbium YSGG lasers [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of erbium

• If normal wound contracture, and not heat induced collagen contraction, is responsible for maintaining the initial skin tightening seen in CO2 laser resurfacing, then equal results would be expected from resurfacing with either CO2 or erbium lasers [2].
• DESIGN: Ten patients with scarring after unilateral and bilateral cleft lip surgery were treated with a Dual Mode erbium yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser [11].

Biological context of erbium

• Accordingly, our objective was to compare residual thermal damage, ablation, tissue shrinkage, and wound healing between a variable pulsewidth erbium YAG laser and a popular CO2 resurfacing laser [12].
• The aim of this study was to determine the in vivo kinetics of PpIX generation in mouse tissues after topical ALA application enhanced by an erbium (Er):yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser [13].
• However, we observed an immediate postoperative middle and high frequency loss of up to 75 dB on bone conduction threshold measurements 2 h after surgery, suggesting an acoustic traumatization by the erbium laser [14].
• The question of the cost-effectiveness of erbium filtration as a radiation protection measure is also addressed [15].
• Although the conventional, short-pulsed erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser provides substantial clinical improvement for pitted, facial acne scars, it shows less effective hemostasis and limited residual thermal effect in the dermis [16].

Anatomical context of erbium

• Experimental erbium: YAG laser photoablation of trabecular meshwork in rabbits: an in-vivo study [17].
• RESULTS: Perforation of the stapes foot plate can be performed with a few erbium laser pulses with high precision and a thermal damage zone of < 10 microns [18].
• The erbium laser seems to represent an ideal instrument for middle ear surgery with all the advantages (precision, fiber optic transportable, high ablation efficiency, safety) desired for clinical application [18].
• We developed a new and safe laser method (erbium laser ablation) for PZD, with the aim of producing a precise opening as well as ablation of some layers of the zona pellucida [19].
• RESULTS: Just after irradiation, gross examination of "cold" (without a coagulation pulse) erbium sites showed a reddish papillary dermis consistent with conventional erbium laser ablation [12].

Associations of erbium with other chemical compounds

• Two series of yttrium aluminum garnets doped with erbium and ytterbium ions have been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction [20].
• This study suggests that for precise cutting and coagulation, Erbium and Holmium lasers transmitted via our modified fiber tip may render the use of these lasers possible in a wide range of laparoscopic surgery applications [21].
• Synthesis, crystal structure, and porosity estimation of hydrated erbium terephthalate coordination polymers [22].
• Erbium-doped barium titanate crystals were studied by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy [23].
• OBJECTIVE: Erbium (Er.) YAG laser may be usable for middle ear surgery because of its ability to ablate bony tissue [24].

Gene context of erbium

• Treatment of vitiligo with autologous epidermal grafting by means of pulsed erbium: YAG laser [25].
• The Star Wars of dentistry. Using the erbium laser to treat tooth decay [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of erbium

• CONCLUSIONS: Erbium laser phacoemulsification is effective for lenses with mild to moderate nuclear sclerosis [27].
• The nonlinear refractive index n2 of silica fiber (24 m) and erbium-doped fiber (10 m) is measured to within an accuracy of 5% by use of time-delayed photorefractive beam coupling of intense 53-ps, 1.064-microm pulses that experience self-phase modulation in the fibers [28].
• Double-blind study of erbium 169 injection (synoviorthesis) in rheumatoid digital joints [29].
• A newly developed erbium (Er):YAG laser unit and handpiece was used for laser vitrectomy with predetermined parameters for cutting rate (70 Hz = 4200 cpm), maximal suction force (50 mmHg), and aspiration flow (20 ml/min) [30].
• Erbium: YAG laser lithotripsy mechanism [31].

References