Disease relevance of Sultamicillin

• Pharmacokinetic and therapeutic trial of sultamicillin in acute sinusitis [1].
• Sultamicillin in the treatment of superficial skin and soft tissue infections in children [2].
• Clinical, bacteriological and pharmacokinetic results from an open trial of sultamicillin in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis [3].
• Against a beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus strain the median bactericidal titres were 1:8 at 40, 60 and 90 min after sultamicillin and less than 1:2 at the same intervals after ampicillin [4].
• A double-blinded comparative study of sultamicillin and potassium penicillin V in the treatment of childhood streptococcal pharyngitis [5].

High impact information on Sultamicillin

• Sulbactam has been used either in the orally absorbed prodrug form as sultamicillin or as the injectable combination ampicillin-sulbactam [6].
• Sultamicillin has been shown to be clinically effective in non-comparative trials in patients with infections of the respiratory tract, ears, nose and throat, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, as well as in obstetric and gynaecological infections, and in the treatment of gonorrhoea [7].
• Test results showed that the addition of sulbactam significantly increases the bioavailability of oral ampicillin when the 2 drugs are administered in the form of the prodrug sultamicillin [8].
• Sulbactam is poorly absorbed after oral administration and sulbactam/ampicillin is therefore administered parenterally, although another linked sulbactam-ampicillin compound, sultamicillin, has been developed which is well absorbed after oral administration [9].
• Fifty-two children with superficial skin and soft tissue infections were randomized to receive sultamicillin or cloxacillin for 7 days [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sultamicillin

• Thirty hospitalised patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated orally with either 750 or 1000 mg of sultamicillin (a mutual prodrug of ampicillin and sulbactam) twice daily for ten days [3].
• All six beta-lactamase-producing pathogens were in the sultamicillin treatment group: four were Haemophilus influenzae/H. parainfluenzae that were resistant to amoxycillin, and all were cured although two then relapsed [10].
• Side effects were reported for 2 sultamicillin (gastric pain, diarrhea) and 2 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole patients (gastric pain, exanthema), with the latter 2 being withdrawn after 6 days of therapy [11].
• Nine children with osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis were treated sequentially with parenteral sulbactam/ampicillin and oral sultamicillin [12].
• All of this difference resulted from the superior efficacy of sultamicillin (89.2%) over that of bacampicillin (63.2%) in patients with chronic respiratory infections [13].

Biological context of Sultamicillin

• Pharmacokinetics of sultamicillin in mice, rats, and dogs [14].
• Plasma concentrations of ampicillin after 42.5 mg of sultamicillin per kg were greater at 20, 40, and 60 min than those after 25 mg of ampicillin per kg alone and the AUC was 39% larger in subjects who received sultamicillin than in those who received ampicillin [4].
• Sultamicillin experiences in the field of internal medicine [13].
• Effect of the formulation on the bioequivalence of sultamicillin: tablets and suspension [15].
• The increasing prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing pathogens in these infections, coupled with the fact that diagnostic bacteriology is often not available or practical in office practice, suggests that the broad use of sultamicillin might be desirable [16].

Anatomical context of Sultamicillin

• A positive lymphocyte stimulation test for sultamicillin and a decreased CD4/CD8 ratio of lymphocytes in BAL fluid suggested that an alteration in cell-mediated mechanisms was responsible for the patient's symptoms [17].
• This study examined the bacteraemia following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars and evaluated the antibacterial effects of Ofloxacin, Clindamycin, Sultamicillin, used as prophylactic medications [18].

Associations of Sultamicillin with other chemical compounds

• 3. ICF entailed issue of memos on the following day to prescribers of i.v. sultamicillin or co-amoxiclav for inpatients in whom this route was deemed 'inappropriate', by a specially trained nurse using strict objective criteria [19].
• In the immediate postoperative samples, bacteraemia was found in 44% of the control group, 40% of Ofloxacin and Clindamycin groups and 36% of the Sultamicillin group [18].
• An open multicentre study to compare the efficacy and safety of sultamicillin with that of cefuroxime axetil in acute ear nose and throat infections in adults [20].
• Oral bioavailability of ampicillin when bound to sulbactam (sultamicillin) compared with ampicillin alone and that of amoxycillin with a ligand of clavulanic acid versus amoxycillin alone were assessed in 16 healthy subjects using an open label, multiple crossover study [21].
• In a prospectively randomized clinical trial, 38 patients with UTI were treated orally with either sultamicillin (375 mg) or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (160 mg/800 mg) twice daily for 7 d [11].

Gene context of Sultamicillin

• Eight CF children and ten children with other COPD suffering from chronic or recurrent H. influenzae infection of the lower respiratory tract were treated with sultamicillin orally, 25 mg/kg, 12-hourly, for two weeks [22].
• Sultamicillin (CP-49, 952): evaluation of two dosage schedules in urinary infection [23].
• Most beta lactamase resistant antimicrobials must be given parenterally; sultamicillin is given by mouth [24].
• Sultamicillin (CAS 76497-13-7) is a pro-drug of a combination of ampicillin and sulbactam linked as a double ester [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sultamicillin

• We conclude that sultamicillin is an extremely efficient prodrug for ampicillin and sulbactam and that the HPLC assay method is accurate, rapid and easier to perform than the differential microbiological assay [25].
• Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of sultamicillin estimated by high performance liquid chromatography [25].
• Numerous clinical studies and several meta-analyses indicate that ampicillin/sulbactam and sultamicillin are clinically effective and well tolerated in both adults and children, in agreement with published North American and European guidelines [26].
• The pharmacokinetics of both ampicillin and sulbactam obtained from a balanced, open two-way crossover study in 20 normal adult volunteers receiving a single 375 mg oral tablet of sultamicillin administered as two different formulations--the original product (Duocid) and a generic formulation that is commercially available in Turkey--were compared [27].
• All sultamicillin-treated and all but three cefuroxime axetil-treated patients experienced cure or improvement; only one cefuroxime axetil-treated patient discontinued treatment due to treatment failure [20].

References