Disease relevance of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene

• Oral administration of hydrolytic enzymes (HE), such as bromelain, trypsin and rutosid, may have beneficial effects on the clinical course of neurological symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (MS) [1].
• Clinical trials that test the efficacy of Phlogenzym (consisting of the hydrolytic enzymes bromelain and trypsin and the anti-oxidant rutosid) as a treatment for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis are presently ongoing [2].
• When rutoside was tested for 1 and 2 weeks after colitis induction, it was able to promote colonic healing [3].
• Oral administration of rutoside can ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease in rats [3].
• In the present study in streptozotocin-diabetic rats we investigated whether the administration of Phlogenzym, a fixed combination of the proteases trypsin and bromelain combined with the antioxidant rutosid, modulates renal hypertrophy and the formation of TGF-beta 1 in isolated glomeruli [4].

Psychiatry related information on 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene

• The protective effect of venoruton O-(beta-hydroxy-ethyl) rutoside, HR was investigated against drug induced catatonia in rats [5].

High impact information on 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene

• These experimental studies may help to explain former clinical investigations showing that Phlogenzym (PHL), a preparation consisting of the proteases bromelain and trypsin and the antioxidant rutosid, ameliorate certain diseases with an underlying inflammatory process [6].
• METHODS: In an open pilot study, oral rutoside (50 mg twice a day) and ascorbic acid (500 mg twice a day) were administered to 3 patients with chronic PPP [7].
• It is concluded that rutoside has an acute anti-inflammatory activity in this model which may be related to a putative direct protective effect on intestinal cells, mainly enterocytes, in which the antioxidative properties of the flavonoid may play a role [8].
• MAIN RESULTS: Three trials, involving 159 women, were included.Varicose veinsOne trial, involving 69 women, reported that rutoside significantly reduced the symptoms associated with varicose veins (relative risk (RR) 1.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11 to 3.22) [9].
• The treatment of progressive pigmented purpura with ascorbic acid and a bioflavonoid rutoside [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene

• The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of an oral enzyme-rutosid combination (ERC) containing rutosid and the enzymes bromelain and trypsin, with that of diclofenac in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee [11].
• All patients received standard prophylaxis of mucositis with nystatin, dexpanthenol, rutoside and immunoglobulin [12].

Biological context of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene

• Furthermore, after administration of coumarin derivatives and rutoside, the right ventricle stroke volume increases and no death occurs [13].

Anatomical context of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene

• Rutoside and the X-ray induced damage in jejunal mucosa of mouse [14].
• 0-/-B-hydroxyethyl/rutoside has been investigated for its effect on laser-induced thrombus formation in rat mesenteric venules and arterioles [15].
• In the rat, O-hydroxy ethyl rutoside derivatives release histamine and serotonin from skin mast-cells, but not from peritoneal mast-cells [16].

Associations of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene with other chemical compounds

• Effect of a combination of coumarin derivatives and rutoside on venous and lymphatic circulations during severe constriction of the caudal vena cava in rabbits [13].
• An open-label, randomized multicenter study comparing the efficacy and safety of Cyclo 3 Fort versus hydroxyethyl rutoside in chronic venous lymphatic insufficiency [17].

Gene context of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene

• In vitro, 0-/-B-hydroxyethyl/rutoside significantly inhibited platelet adhesion to bovine ECM in concentrations of 20 micrograms/ml PRP, and with 30 micrograms/ml the PRP adhesion to glass and spreading were inhibited [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-sulfooxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromene

• One group (n = 8) was treated with daily intraperitoneal injections of 12 mg of a protease formulation containing trypsin, bromelain and rutosid, and another group (n = 8) with placebo [18].
• Age-adjusted analysis of tumor rates did not provide any evidence for rutin sulfate to be carcinogenic under the conditions of this bioassay [19].
• Fourteen male Wistar rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy, and were randomized into a control group (C, n = 7) given 2 ml of 0.9% NaCl intraperitoneally (i.p.) daily, and a study group (P, n = 7) treated with 12 mg Phlogenzym (combination of trypsin, bromelain, and rutosid) in 2 ml saline i.p. daily [20].

References