Disease relevance of Syntocinon

• No significant differences were found among the three groups with respect to mode of delivery, frequency of pitocin administration, 5-minute Apgar scores, incidence of isoimmunization, incidence of enclosed hemorrhage, hemoglobin concentration, bilirubin concentrations at 12 hours, and percent of weight loss [1].
• A case of an allergic reaction to Syntocinon (synthetic oxytocin) administered during Caesarean section is reported [2].
• Oxytocic drugs and anaesthesia. A controlled clinical trial of ergometrine, syntocinon and normal saline during evacuation of the uterus after spontaneous abortion [3].
• When adjusted for risk status, previous cesarean delivery, race, use of pitocin augmentation, length of labor, and site, time of day was still a significant predictor (adjusted odds ratio = 1.56, 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.29) for cesarean delivery for fetal distress [4].
• The effect of lysine vasopressin infusion (1 pmol/kg body-weight per min) and of bolus injection of a synthetic oxytocin analogue, 1-deamino-2-D-Tyr(OEt)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin (10 nmol/kg body-weight), were studied [5].

Psychiatry related information on Syntocinon

• A double-blind, placebo-controlled study with syntocinon (oxytocin) was carried out in 12 patients, nine females and three males with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) [6].
• This study examined the rates of labor induction using pitocin in children with autism and matched controls with either typical development or mental retardation [7].

High impact information on Syntocinon

• Immunocytochemical studies with an antiserum against synthetic oxytocin-like molecule provided the cytological basis for existence of a neuropeptide, since large amounts of immunoreactive neurons were detected in the central nervous systems of E. octoculata [8].
• A dual mechanism of action of ocytocin in rat epididymal fat cells [9].
• Synthetic oxytocin (OT) was infused iv in four men at 3 mU/min, and the rate was doubled every 90 min for a total of three infusion periods [10].
• The PRF material could be separated from oxytocin by gel sieving and was active in the presence of dopamine in vitro unlike synthetic oxytocin and in cell preparations in which the oxytocin-responsive lactotrophs had been removed by selective cytotoxin cell targeting using an oxytocin-ricin A chain cytotoxic conjugate [11].
• The binding of ocytocin, vasopressin, and the tripeptide analogue of the N-terminal sequence of ocytocin, Cys(S-Me)-Tyr-Ile-NH2, results in an increase of S020,W and a decrease in both the reduced viscosity and rotational relaxation time of the bis-liganded dimeric species vs. the nonliganded form [12].

Biological context of Syntocinon

• Effect of 48-hour infusion of the synthetic oxytocin antagonist, [1-beta-mercapto(beta-(CH2)5)1(OMe)Tyr2,Orn8]-oxytocin, on myometrial activity of pregnant sheep at 139-140 days of gestation [13].
• Six patients in the saline group had unsatisfactory uterine contraction compared with none in the syntocinon group (p = 0.025) [14].
• OBJECTIVE: To compare intravenous oxytocin administration (Partocon 10 IU) with saline solution in the management of postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour [15].
• The effect of three anaesthetic techniques on blood loss and intra-uterine pressure changes in response to Syntocinon were studied in patients undergoing routine first trimester suction termination of pregnancy [16].
• They were allocated randomly to one of two groups to receive either 1 ml (10 units) of syntocinon or 1 ml of saline (placebo) after cervical dilatation [14].

Anatomical context of Syntocinon

• 1 The inhibitory effect of a commercial preparation of oxytocin (Syntocinon) was studied on the isolated vas deferens of the rat [17].
• 4. Applied through paired perspex rings placed across the ventral surface of the brain stem, nicotine again produced release of vasopressin without ocytocin [18].
• Patients in spontaneous labour had significantly lower beta-ELI than patients who had either artificial rupture of membranes or Syntocinon augmentation of labour [19].
• In one patient, the cervix failed to dilate in spite of prolonged Pitocin infusion which did not induce significant uterine contractions, and the infusion did not reverse the marked fall in plasma PGFM after the early but transient rise [20].
• The purpose of this study was to determine possible genotoxic and cytotoxic (or mitogenic) effects of high concentrations of oxytocin, active component of Syntocinon in cultures of human peripheral blood lymphocytes [21].

Associations of Syntocinon with other chemical compounds

• 4 It is concluded that inhibitory effects of Syntocinon on the vas deferens are due to chlorbutol, not oxytocin [17].
• Prostaglandin E2 gel induced labor in 56% of patients, but 14% required subsequent oxytocin (Syntocinon) augmentation [22].
• Fast-atom bombardment-tandem mass spectrometry (FAB-MS-MS) was used to characterize the structure of atosiban, a synthetic oxytocin antagonist, and one of its synthesis-related impurities [23].
• The control of blood loss at cesarean section with intramyometrial prostaglandin F2 alpha analog versus intravenous synthetic oxytocin [24].
• Results indicate the superiority of the PGE2 preparation as measured by change in Bishop score, Pitocin requirement, rate of cervical dilatation, and percentage of failed inductions [25].

Gene context of Syntocinon

• Using retrodialysis, blockade of endogenous oxytocin action by infusion of an oxytocin receptor antagonist (des-Gly-NH2,d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Thr4]OVT) into the PVN or CeA reduced maternal aggression of HAB dams, whereas infusion of synthetic oxytocin into the PVN tended to increase aggression toward the intruder in LAB dams [26].
• In the present vehicle-controlled study, we assessed the influence of a selective oxytocin receptor antagonist (des-Gly-NH2d(CH2)5 [Tyr(Me)2,Thr4] OVT; 0.75 microg/5 microl) or of synthetic oxytocin (0.1 microg and 1 microg/5 microl), infused into the lateral ventricle (i.c.v.), on the sleep pattern in male Wistar rats (n=7) [27].
• Posterior pituitary extract (0.01-0.5 equivalent) from hens in each of the various stages of the reproductive cycle induced a concentration dependent PRL release [28].
• In addition, immunohistochemical detection of the neuropeptides ocytocin and cholecystokinin was carried out on sections hybridized non-radioactively for vasopressin; as expected vasopressin mRNA did not co-exist with cholecystokinin, whereas a few oxytocin immunoreactive neurons in osmotically stimulated animals also contained vasopressin mRNA [29].
• We conclude that translation of pro-ocytocin-neurophysin mRNA takes place soon after transcription and we propose that incomplete processing could be responsible for the low level of ocytocin in the early bovine corpus luteum [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Syntocinon

• Effect of the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths on the use of Syntocinon at Caesarean section in the UK [31].
• Analysis with high performance liquid chromatography demonstrated that the oxytocin-like material, as determined by radioimmunoassay, in extracted plasma from one obese subject coeluted with synthetic oxytocin standard [32].
• Rat thymus was found to contain 80 +/- 7.5 pg/g wet tissue (congruent to 0.56 pg/mg protein) of oxytocin-like immunoreactivity, which behaved like synthetic oxytocin in the radioimmunoassay and in two different high pressure liquid chromatography columns [33].
• However, in nulliparous women, the addition of Pitocin nullified any cost differences; if epidural anesthesia was also used, total costs exceeded the cost of elective cesarean delivery by almost 10% [34].
• Oxytocin immunoreactivity eluted from the HPLC column as a single peak with the same retention time as synthetic oxytocin [35].

References