Disease relevance of AMILORIDE

• The effects of amiloride hydrochloride on thiazide-induced hypokalemia were evaluated [1].
• In a double-blind parallel-group study 133 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were randomised to felodipine 5mg twice daily or Moduretic mite every morning after a run-in placebo period of 1 to 2 weeks [2].
• Moduretic-induced metabolic acidosis and hyperkalaemia [3].
• Severe acute interstitial pulmonary edema from Moduretic (amiloride plus hydrochlorothiazide) [4].
• The purpose of this study was to encapsulate Amiloride Hydrochloride into nano-liposomes, incorporate it into dry powder inhaler, and to provide prolonged effective concentration in airways to enhance mucociliary clearance and prevent secondary infection in cystic fibrosis [5].

High impact information on AMILORIDE

• In addition, 5-(N,N-hexamethylene) amiloride hydrochloride, an amiloride analogue with specific sodium channel antiport inhibition, resulted in a similar dose-dependent suppression of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated, AM-derived IL-8 production [6].
• After 4 weeks the dose of felodipine was increased to 10mg twice daily, and Moduretic mite was replaced by Moduretic in patients with a diastolic blood pressure of greater than 80mm Hg [2].
• Felodipine versus Moduretic. A double-blind parallel-group multicentre study [2].
• We therefore measured lymphocyte free Mg2+ concentrations in patients with congestive cardiac failure treated with loop diuretics or a frusemide/amiloride mixture (Frumil) and compared them with control subjects [7].
• Patients treated with loop diuretics did not show lymphocyte intracellular free Mg2+ depletion compared with normal controls, and those on Frumil showed higher intracellular free Mg2+ levels than normal [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of AMILORIDE

• The blood presure abilities of the beta receptor antagonist acebutolol and the fixed diuretic combination of hydrochlorothiazide/amiloride hydrochloride to reduce exercise-induced increases in blood presure durng and after standardized ergometric work were compared in a within-patient study of patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension [8].
• A comparative study of Moducren and Moduretic and their effect on plasma potassium in essential hypertension [9].
• Comparative study of the efficacy and tolerance of capozide and moduretic administered in a single daily dose for the treatment of chronic moderate arterial hypertension [10].

Biological context of AMILORIDE

• On the low dose, the supine blood pressure on felodipine was reduced by 24/14mm Hg from 174/105mm Hg, and on Moduretic mite by 19/11mm Hg from 171/103mm Hg [2].
• A similar reduction of left ventricular mass with Moduretic without a change in relative wall thickness and a decrease in stroke volume was observed [11].
• Mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, and therapeutic uses of amiloride hydrochloride, a new potassium-sparing diuretic [12].
• Frusemide/amiloride combination ('Frumil') in heart failure: an open, multi-centre study in general practice [13].
• 3. Diuresis occurred after each treatment with furosemide, after the initial treatment with benzyl furosemide and did not occur after isofurosemide, amiloride hydrochloride or chlorothiazide [14].

Anatomical context of AMILORIDE

• Effect of moduretic and aldactone on electrolytes in skeletal muscle in patients on long-term diuretic therapy [15].

Associations of AMILORIDE with other chemical compounds

• Are there differences in the blood-pressure-lowering effect of atenolol vs. hydrochlorothiazide + amiloride (Moduretic) when assessed by standard clinic recordings vs. 24-h ambulatory monitoring [16]?
• However, stimulation of S6-kinase activity by angiotensin II was markedly inhibited by the inclusion of amiloride hydrochloride in serum-free medium during activation procedures [17].
• Simultaneous determination of amiloride hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide in synthetic samples and pharmaceutical formulations by multivariate analysis of spectrophotometric data [18].
• Plasma potassium (K+) levels fell slightly after treatment with Moduretic, but the fall was not as great as with hydrochlorothiazide [19].
• If the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was greater than or equal to 95 mmHg at a subsequent visit, the doses were doubled (n = 17 for A and n = 12 for M) and, if DBP was still greater than or equal to 95 mmHg on double dose, nifedipine 20 mg b.d. was added (n = 15 for A and n = 27 for M, p less than 0.05) [20].

Gene context of AMILORIDE

• A method is applied for the quantitative analysis of Moduretic tablets (Merck Sharp & Dokme International) [21].
• There is evidence that amiloride (CAS 17440-83-4) has a stimulatory effect on the renin secretion but it is still in question whether this is volume and/or sodium independent [22].
• This is against unfavourable increments in the mean values of TC, VLDLC, LDLC/HDLC and decrease in HDLC/TC during moduretic treatment phase [23].
• The effect of a single daily dose of timolol, hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride hydrochloride in fixed combination (Moducren; MDS) in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension was tested during 1978 in an open study covering 10 weeks per patient [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of AMILORIDE

• The method was successfully applied to the quantitation of furosemide and amiloride hydrochloride in three different pharmaceutical formulations, providing results in agreement with those obtained by HPLC [25].
• New drug evaluations amiloride (Midamor, Merck, Sharp and Dohme) [26].

References