Disease relevance of Il15

• The production of IL-15 by colon cancer cells was not associated with the infiltration of natural killer cells into the tumors [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that IL-15 produced by metastatic colon carcinoma cells can induce hyperplasia in the mucosa adjacent to colon cancer, thus contributing to angiogenesis and progression of the disease [1].
• IL-15 induced a dramatic decrease in chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicities, significant potentiation of antitumor activity, and an increased therapeutic index of FUra administered on single dose, daily x 5 and weekly x 4 schedules [2].
• IL-15 also moderately potentiated the antitumor activity of CPT-11 in rats bearing advanced colorectal cancer [3].
• The recent finding of abundant IL-15 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluids suggested a possible role for this cytokine in the pathological destruction of bone and prompted us to determine whether IL-15 stimulates osteoclast formation [4].

High impact information on Il15

• RESULTS: Rat and human intestinal epithelial cells express IL-15 messenger RNA [5].
• The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of IL-15 by intestinal epithelial cells and determine the functional roles of IL-15 within the mucosal immune system [5].
• Tyrosine kinase activation in response to IL-15 in intestinal epithelial cells was determined by immunoprecipitation [5].
• Interleukin 15 protects against toxicity and potentiates antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil alone and in combination with leucovorin in rats bearing colorectal cancer [2].
• A novel role of IL-15 in the development of osteoclasts: inability to replace its activity with IL-2 [4].

Chemical compound and disease context of Il15

• Myocytes respond in vivo to an antibody reactive with the acetylcholine receptor by upregulating interleukin-15: an interferon-gamma activator with the potential to influence the severity and course of experimental myasthenia gravis [6].

Biological context of Il15

• IL-15 inhibits apoptosis of various cell populations [7].
• On the other hand, IL-15 failed to influence the increase in cell death after PI and annexin V staining [8].
• Vasodilation induced by either topical acetylcholine or nitroprusside was abolished by IL-15 [9].
• Interleukin-15 decreases lipid intestinal absorption [10].
• The results presented here further demonstrate the involvement of IL-15 in lipid metabolism [11].

Anatomical context of Il15

• This study was performed to investigate whether PSCs produce IL-15 and thereby can affect lymphocytes [7].
• Primary PSCs were isolated from the rat pancreas using density gradient centrifugation. mRNA expression of IL-15 was demonstrated by RT-PCR, and IL-15 protein was analyzed by immunoblotting [7].
• Furthermore, it has been reported that islet cells express IL-15 after exposure to proinflammatory cytokines, which could indicate a defence reaction [8].
• The cytokine IL-15 might contribute to inflammatory processes, but also act as an inhibitor of apoptosis in different cell lines [8].
• CONCLUSIONS: IL-15 is expressed by intestinal epithelial cells function [5].

Associations of Il15 with chemical compounds

• If anything, IL-15 alone had a slight stimulatory effect (glucose oxidation rate) on islet cells [8].
• Interestingly, IL-2 and IL-7, which utilize some IL-15R components, had no effect on osteoclast differentiation, but pretreatment with IL-2 or IL-7 of bone marrow cells before the addition of IL-15 inhibited the enhancing activity of IL-15 [4].
• RT-PCR analysis revealed that CPA administration resulted in impaired mRNA production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of several cytokines (interferons alpha/beta, interferon gamma, TNFalpha, IL-15, and IL-18) with anti-HSV function [12].
• Interleukin-15 stimulates C2 skeletal myoblast differentiation [13].
• IL-15 was studied in rats anesthetized with 50 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital [9].

Regulatory relationships of Il15

• Furthermore, the level of IL-15 also can be regulated by IFN-gamma itself [14].

Other interactions of Il15

• We aimed in this study to investigate if IL-15 could influence cell death and/or functional impairment of rat pancreatic islets induced by in vitro exposure to a combination of cytokines (25 U/ml IL-1beta+1000 U/ml IFN-gamma+1000 U/ml TNF-alpha) [8].
• In euthyroid state, IL-15, IL-6 and TNFalpha decreased significantly, but IL-beta and TNFalpha were significantly higher than the baseline values (P < 0.05) while IL-6 levels turned back to the baseline values [15].
• Moreover, low IL-15 concentration (0.1 ng/ml) strongly increased the level of calcitonin receptor mRNA of mononuclear preosteoclast-like cells [4].
• Addition of IL-2 but not IL-15 to anti-CD4-treated alloactivated T cells restored IFN-gamma protein production without leading to enhanced IFN-gamma mRNA expression [16].
• Thus, IL-15 seems to be able to modulate de novo fatty acid synthesis, possibly by influencing citrate tissue levels, an allosteric activator of the key lipogenic enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Il15

• The inhibition of spontaneous lymphocyte apoptosis in cocultures with PSCs was at least partially mediated by cell-bound IL-15 [7].
• Expression of IL-15 in rat and human intestinal epithelial cells was assessed by Northern and Western blotting [5].
• Morphological examination of rat intestinal tissues after treatment with LD of CPT-11 revealed dramatic protection of duodenal and colonic tissue architecture by IL-15 [3].
• Interleukin 15 offers selective protection from irinotecan-induced intestinal toxicity in a preclinical animal model [3].
• The intragraft mRNA and plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-15, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha) also were overexpressed during the first 24 hours after reperfusion [17].

References