Disease relevance of CD36

• In this study, we focused on two AGE receptors-specifically, the role of SR-A in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy and the role of CD36 in AGE-induced downregulation of leptin by adipocytes [1].

High impact information on CD36

• A glycoprotein (PAS IV) of apparent Mr 76,000 was purified from bovine milk-fat-globule membrane and partially characterized [2].
• In addition to mammary epithelial cells, PAS IV was also located in certain other epithelial cells, most notably the bronchiolar epithelial cells of lung [2].
• In mammary tissue, PAS IV was located on both the apical surfaces of secretory epithelial cells and endothelial cells of capillaries [2].
• PAS IV contained mannose, galactose, and sialic acid as principal sugars (approximately 5.3% total carbohydrate [wt/wt]) and existed in milk in at least four isoelectric variants [2].
• PAS IV was recovered in the detergent phase of Triton X-114 extracts of milk-fat-globule membrane at room temperature [2].

Biological context of CD36

• These data suggest that PAS IV and CD36 are similar if not identical polypeptides that undergo cell type specific glycosylation [3].
• The CD36 preparation was used for characterization of the disulfide bridge pattern, which was determined by peptide mapping, amino acid sequence analysis, and matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometry [4].
• Bovine CD36 from milk fat globule membranes was characterized and a full-length CD36 cDNA of 2772 nucleotides was isolated from a bovine mammary gland cDNA library [5].
• Finally, mammary gland CD36 and FABP coexpression was defined at different stages of lactation and during involution [6].
• The second aspect studied was the effect of synthetic peptide analogs to the C-terminus (amino acid residues 121-131) of bovine mammary gland FABP on cell proliferation, as a result of the interaction of these peptides with the ectodomain of CD36 [6].

Anatomical context of CD36

• Endothelial cell CD36 (glycoprotein IV) has been purified from bovine heart tissue by detergent partitioning and immunoaffinity chromatography [7].
• Because human CD36 has been identified as a receptor for erythrocytes infected with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, we examined the ability of bovine CD36 to bind infected erythrocytes [7].
• PAS IV, an integral membrane protein of mammary epithelial cells, is related to platelet and endothelial cell CD36 (GP IV) [3].
• The multifunctional membrane protein CD36 is expressed on platelets, mature monocytes and macrophages, microvascular endothelial cells and mammary epithelial cells [4].
• In order to determine the number and pattern of disulfide bridges, CD36 was purified from bovine milk fat globule membranes [4].

Associations of CD36 with chemical compounds

• In solution, both intact TSP1 and the alpha3beta1 integrin-binding peptide from TSP1 inhibit proliferation of sparse endothelial cell cultures independent of their CD36 expression [8].
• Octanoate stimulated the accumulation of TAG in a concentration-dependent manner from 1 to 10 mM and increased lipid droplet formation and mRNA expression of CD36 (a fatty acid translocase) [9].
• Both saturated (palmitic and stearic) and unsaturated (oleic and linoleic) fatty acids stimulated the accumulation of TAG in a concentration-dependent manner from 50 to 400 microM and the expression of mRNA expression for CD36, which is involved in the uptake and secretion of long-chain fatty acids [10].
• Octanoate stimulates cytosolic triacylglycerol accumulation and CD36 mRNA expression but inhibits acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase activity in primary cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells [9].
• The properties and amino acid sequences of the following proteins are discussed in detail: MUC1, xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase, CD36, butyrophilin, adipophilin, periodic acid Schiff 6/7 (PAS 6/7), and fatty acid binding protein [11].

Co-localisations of CD36

• TSP colocalized with CD36 on granulosa cells (GC) in the follicle and in cultured cells [12].

Other interactions of CD36

• Advanced glycation end products (AGE) are known to serve as ligands for the scavenger receptors such as SR-A, CD36 and SR-BI [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CD36

• N-Terminal sequence analyses of human and bovine PAS IV revealed homology to the N-terminal sequence of the 88-kDa human endothelial and platelet glycoprotein CD36 [3].
• Finally, to evaluate the in vivo relevance of the induction of CD36 mRNA expression by lipoproteins, peritoneal macrophages were isolated from mice following intraperitoneal injection of lipoproteins [14].
• Induction of CD36 mRNA expression was paralleled by an increase in CD36 protein as determined by Western blot with the greatest induction by OxLDL (4-fold) [14].
• The location of PAS IV was determined in bovine tissues by using immunofluorescence techniques [2].
• Two monoclonal antibodies, E-1 and E-3, were shown by solid-phase immunoassay and immunoaffinity chromatography to be specific for PAS IV (of Mr 76000) in milk-fat-globule membrane and recognize a glycoprotein of slightly higher Mr (85000) in heart [15].

References