Disease relevance of BMP1

• Ectopic bone morphogenetic proteins 5 and 4 in the chicken forebrain lead to cyclopia and holoprosencephaly [1].
• To determine if this rise in [Ca(2+)](i) functionally participates in the maturational process of growth plate chondrocytes (GPCs), we examined its effect on several markers of hypertrophy, including annexin V, bone morphogenetic protein-6, type X collagen, and indian hedgehog [2].
• Finally, the documented neurotrophic capacity of bone morphogenetic protein family members may have potential relevance for the treatment of peripheral neuropathies [3].

Psychiatry related information on BMP1

• Inhibition of either RA or BMP signaling, with selective inhibitors, interfered with the inductive effects of these agents but also inhibited the complementary pathway, demonstrating a codependence of RA and BMP signaling during chondrocyte maturation [4].

High impact information on BMP1

• Neural induction seems to involve signalling by fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and attenuation of the activity of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) [5].
• But FGFs, either alone or in combination with BMP antagonists, are not sufficient to induce neural fate in prospective epidermal ectoderm of amniote embryos [5].
• Estrogen opposes the apoptotic effects of bone morphogenetic protein 7 on tissue remodeling [6].
• A model of left-right axis formation in the chick involves inhibition of bone morphogenetic proteins by the antagonist Car as a mechanism of upregulating Nodal in the left lateral plate mesoderm [7].
• Bone morphogenetic proteins negatively control oligodendrocyte precursor specification in the chick spinal cord [8].

Biological context of BMP1

• The transcripts of bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp)-2 and -4 were first detected in the areas where cell death was observed, then showed overlapping expression with the programmed cell death zones except the opaque zone [9].
• The skeletal tissue development and patterning in chick limb buds are known to be under the spacio-temporal control of various heparin-binding cell growth factors such as fibroblast growth factors and bone morphogenetic proteins [10].
• Chick limb bud mesodermal cell chondrogenesis: inhibition by isoforms of platelet-derived growth factor and reversal by recombinant bone morphogenetic protein [11].
• Using a secreted protein, noggin, which specifically antagonizes bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and -4, we examined the role played by BMP during the initial myofibrillogenesis in chick cultured precardiac mesoendoderm (mesoderm + endoderm; ME) [12].
• This pattern and the effects of forced activation of the bone morphogenetic protein and beta-catenin signal transduction pathways on Grg gene expression suggest that these genes act downstream of the early activation of the beta-catenin pathway that initiates placode formation [13].

Anatomical context of BMP1

• Chick BMP1 and Tolloid message and proteins are found in a variety of embryonic and juvenile tissues, including chondrocytes and osteoblasts [14].
• Tolloid message and protein are generally less abundant than BMP1 message; this discrepancy is greatest in growth plate chondrocytes [14].
• The astacin-related metalloproteases Bone Morphogenetic Protein-1 (BMP1) and Tolloid possess multiple functions in the maturation of extracellular matrices containing fibrillar collagens [14].
• In this report, we show that BMP4 (bone morphogenetic protein), a secreted protein of the TGF-beta gene family, is the earliest sensory marker identified to date for the chick inner ear [15].
• Osteogenin (bone morphogenetic protein-3) stimulates cartilage formation by chick limb bud cells in vitro [16].

Associations of BMP1 with chemical compounds

• The increase in bone morphogenetic protein-7 transcripts, although present at 6 hours, was maximal following a 12-hour exposure to retinoic acid [17].
• Retinoic acid induction of bone morphogenetic protein-7 transcript levels was dependent on protein synthesis because the induction could be blocked by cyclohexamide [17].

Other interactions of BMP1

• Analysis of CMF1 reveals a bone morphogenetic protein-independent component of the cardiomyogenic pathway [18].
• These results support the idea that FGF10 is a mesenchymally derived stimulator of epidermal development through crosstalk with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), beta-catenin, and other signaling pathways [19].
• To examine the role of BMP signaling during limb pattern formation, we isolated chicken cDNAs encoding type I (BRK-1 and BRK-2) and type II (BRK-3) receptors for bone morphogenetic proteins [20].
• Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2B reversed the inhibitory effects of PDGF on sulfated proteoglycan synthesis and DNA synthesis [11].
• Bone morphogenetic proteins are considered likely intermediates in PTHrP signaling [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of BMP1

• In contrast to bone morphogenetic proteins extracted from demineralized bone or overexpressed in cell culture, the refolded Escherichia coli-expressed protein is not glycosylated at a conserved N-linked site and is therefore homogeneous [22].
• No alterations in the expression of mRNAs for BMP-1 to -8 were observed in the C3H10T1/2 cells under any of the coculture conditions [23].
• Interestingly, we have found that several bone morphogenetic proteins can be detected in developing embryonic day 14 rat dorsal root ganglia by means of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry [3].

References