Disease relevance of Anxty

• Chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC, 19 d) resulted in reduced body weight gain, thymus atrophy, adrenal hypertrophy, increased plasma norepinephrine, and increased anxiety [1].
• Body weight and FA were followed, and at the end of the experiment, the level of fear/anxiety was assessed using a light-dark box [2].

Psychiatry related information on Anxty

• VGLUT1-heterozygous mice displayed normal spontaneous locomotor activity, increased anxiety in the light-dark exploration test and depressive-like behaviour in the forced swimming test: no differences were shown in the elevated plus-maze model of anxiety [3].
• BACKGROUND: Anxiety during ethanol withdrawal may be a factor in relapse to alcohol abuse and dependence [4].
• Chartoff; (3) CREB-Haplodeficient Mice: Role in Anxiety and Alcohol-Drinking Behaviors, by Subhash C [5].
• The present study tested whether individual differences in anxiety- and fear-related behaviour are associated with between-subjects variation in postmortem brain levels of selected neurotrophic factors [6].
• Results showed that 5-HTT KO mice displayed a profile of suppressed exploratory behavior and increased anxiety-like behavior in the light/dark, elevated plus-maze and open field tests, as well as increased depression-related behavior in the forced swim test following repeated exposure to the test [7].

High impact information on Anxty

• Here we show that THP (allopregnanolone), a steroid that is released as a result of stress, increases anxiety in pubertal female mice, in contrast to its anxiety-reducing effect in adults [8].
• In the behavioral analysis, BDNF(Met/Met) mice show increased anxiety-related behaviors [9].
• Overexpression did not cause anxiety or proconflict behavior, nor influenced kainic acid or pentylenetetrazole induced seizure activity [10].
• Efficacy of the MCHR1 Antagonist N-[3-(1-{[4-(3,4-Difluorophenoxy)phenyl]methyl}(4-piperidyl))-4-methylphenyl]-2-methylpropanamide (SNAP 94847) in Mouse Models of Anxiety and Depression following Acute and Chronic Administration Is Independent of Hippocampal Neurogenesis [11].
• Given evidence linking alterations in glutamate neurotransmission to various neuropsychiatric disorders, we investigated the possible influence of a down-regulation of VGLUT1 transporter on anxiety, depressive-like behaviour and learning [3].

Biological context of Anxty

• This differs from their contribution in conditioned anxiety and from the anxious phenotype of GABA(B1) and GABA(B2) subunit knockout mice [12].
• Our results imply complex interplay between parental genotypes in anxiety, activity, grooming, aggression and barbering of their F1 progeny, further confirming the utility of F1 hybrids in behavioral neurogenetics [13].
• The genetics that underlie variation in amygdala structure may be coupled to variation in levels of aggression, fear, anxiety, and affiliated behaviors [14].
• Reduced anxiety, conditioned fear, and hippocampal long-term potentiation in transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 receptor-deficient mice [15].

Anatomical context of Anxty

• Gabrb3 gene deficient (gabrb3(-/-)) mice, control littermates (gabrb3(+/+)) and their progenitor strains C57Bl/6J and 129/SvJ were assessed for changes in the morphology of the main noradrenergic nuclei, the locus coeruleus (LC) and LC-associated behaviors including anxiety and muscle tone [16].
• Levels of neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus and amygdala correlate with anxiety- and fear-related behaviour in C57BL6 mice [6].

Associations of Anxty with chemical compounds

• METHOD: Anxiety was evaluated in the elevated plusmaze and spontaneous working memory was evaluated in the Y-maze following scopolamine, pirenzepine or McN-A-343 infusion in the IL cortex [17].
• In the present study, we examined whether the effect of music on anxiety is related to ovarian steroid in female mice [18].
• These results suggest that exposure to music reduces anxiety levels, and ovarian steroids, mainly progesterone, may be involved in the anxiolytic effect of music observed in female mice [18].
• Behavioral paradigms measuring anxiety were tested in gonadally intact (SHAM) and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice chronically treated with either placebo (OVX/Placebo), 17beta-estradiol (OVX/E), or progesterone (OVX/P) [18].
• A second Anxiety-related Factor only correlated with the fear-sensitized ASR and anxiety parameters on the EPM but not receptor densities [19].

Other interactions of Anxty

• Gabrb3(-/-) mice also exhibited a significant increase in stretch-attend posturing, a form of risk assessment behavior associated with anxiety [16].
• Here, we used a multi-disciplinary approach to demonstrate that GluR5-containing kainate receptors regulate local inhibitory circuits, modulate the excitatory transmission from the basolateral amygdala to the central amygdala, and control behavioral anxiety [20].
• Studies using mice with beta4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit deficiency (beta4-/- mice) helped reveal the roles of this subunit in bradycardiac response to vagal stimulation, nicotine-induced seizure activity and anxiety [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Anxty

• Afraid of complications in gene targeting? Anxiety plays a role [22]!
• RATIONALE: Anxiety is a common disorder in humans that exists in many forms, and animal models of human anxiety are typically employed for the discovery of anxiolytic drugs with human therapeutic potential [23].
• We employed five anxiety models: Separation-induced pup vocalizations (guinea pig and rat), elevated plus-maze (EPM), conditioned lick suppression (CLS), and marble burying (mouse); as well as three depression models: forced swim test (FST; mouse and rat) and tail suspension test (TST; mouse) [24].

References