Disease relevance of PPAN

• CONCLUSION: The results suggest that two forms of RLS exist: one is triggered by painful dysesthesias associated with SSFL, has later onset, and no family history; and one without involvement of SSF, with an earlier onset age, positive family history for RLS, and no pain [1].
• We examined the relationship between peripheral/hepatic insulin sensitivity and abdominal superficial/deep subcutaneous fat (SSF/DSF) and intra-abdominal visceral fat (VF) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [2].
• In contrast to the ubiquitous presence of IgG antibodies to mannan or to crude antigen preparations of C. albicans (CA), antibodies to a purified cytoplasmic antigen (SSF) of CA were detected by ELISA only in patients with candidiasis [3].
• Family history for hypertension was associated with higher SSF/TCF ratio (P < 0.05) [4].
• Birth weight was negatively associated with the subscapular/triceps skinfold (SSF/TSF) ratio at age 11 years, and to the change between 7 and 11 years [5].

High impact information on PPAN

• The gene encoding the human orthologue of SSF1 is adjacent to the P2Y(11) gene on chromosome 19 [6].
• The ubiquitous presence of chimeric transcripts and their up-regulation during granulocytic differentiation indicate that the transgenic splicing between the P2Y(11) and the SSF1 genes is a common and regulated phenomenon [6].
• During the screening of placenta cDNA libraries, we isolated a chimeric clone resulting from the intergenic splicing between the P2Y(11) and SSF1 genes [6].
• Deletion of both SSF1 and SSF2 in yeast is lethal, and depletion of the gene products causes cell division arrest [7].
• This excess risk was primarily observed among non-hypertensive subjects and individuals with higher values for measures of adiposity (BMI, TSF and SSF values above the median), particularly those with higher values for SSF [8].

Biological context of PPAN

• In males, VF (r = 0.37, P < 0.05), DSF (r = 0.49, P < 0.01), and SSF (r = 0.33, P < 0.05) were correlated positively with hepatic insulin resistance [2].
• MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: BMI was compared with anthropometric measures (TSF, BSF, SIF, SSF) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) [9].
• Pretreatment of the cells with SSF (18-76 microg/mL) prior to H2O2 exposure notably elevated the cell survival and activity of SOD and Na+-K+-ATPase, and lowered the MDA level and LDH release [10].
• The analysis of the kinetics of production of IL-8 in patients with bacterial meningitis showed that the SSF concentrations of this cytokine decreased to undetectable values in recovery stage [11].

Anatomical context of PPAN

• In females, the first TGD (r = -0.45, P < 0.05) and hepatic insulin resistance (r = 0.49, P < 0.05) correlated with VF but not with DSF, SSF, or total subcutaneous fat area [2].
• SSF (104 +/- 8 vs. 223 +/- 15 cm2) was greater (P < 0.0001) in female vs. male subjects despite similar body mass index (31 +/- 1 vs. 30 +/- 1 kg/m2) and total body fat mass (31 +/- 2 vs. 33 +/- 2 kg) [2].
• Sequential chromatography of human follicular fluid (hFF) on Sephadex G-50, Q-Sepharose and finally Cibracon Blue yielded a protein molecule which biologically had a stimulating effect on steroid secretion (SSF) by ovarian granulosa cells in vitro [12].
• METHODS: Gingival fibroblasts were cultured for 72 hours with ASU, ASF, and SSF at concentrations of 0 [13].

Associations of PPAN with chemical compounds

• The association between non-embolic ischaemic stroke and glucose abnormality was particularly strong among non-hypertensive subjects with higher SSF values: the multivariate relative risk was 1.9 (1.0-3.7) for borderline diabetes and 4.9 (2.5-9.5) for diabetes [8].
• Ibuprofen removal was 81% in the shallow SSF and 48% in the deep one [14].
• STUDY OBJECTIVES: To analyse the relation between the longitudinal development of total serum cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and the TC/ HDL ratio and the longitudinal development of the biological parameters body fatness (SSF), lean body mass (LBM), and cardiopulmonary fitness (VO2-max) [15].
• In this paper, we focus on the behavior of three widely used pharmaceuticals (clofibric acid, ibuprofen, and carbamazepine) in two pilot SSF constructed wetlands planted with Phragmites australis and characterized by different water depths (i.e., 0.3 and 0.5 m) [14].
• In contrast, in SSF, the collagen-poor fraction (collagen content: less than 3% of the total extracted collagen), the data showed a significant increase in the MDA-linked fluorescence only in the pre-dialysis patients with CRF, but not in the HD patients with no correlation with the glycoxidation products [16].

Other interactions of PPAN

• A method for the assay of human plasma prekallikrein in which a chromogenic synthetic tripeptide, PPAN, is used as a substrate for kallikrein is described [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of PPAN

• The multivariate relative risk after adjustment for age, community, hypertensive status, BMI, triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness (TSF and SSF), and other known cardiovascular risk factors was 1.8 (95% CI 1.0-3.2) for men and 2.2 (1.2-4.0) for women [8].
• This work improves understanding of the effects of bioreactor operation on SSF performance [18].
• Centralization of fat (waist to hip ratio (WHR), subscapular/triceps skinfold ratio (SSF/TSF)) did not differ between stunted and non-stunted groups (mean WHR 0.77 and mean SSF/TSF 1.18 in both groups) [19].
• For example, the sample size required to detect FEC differences between groups of 10, 50, and 250 eggs per gram (EPG) were 46, 25, and 27 for the McMaster technique and 8, 5, and 12 for the SSF method, respectively [20].
• Neuroprotection by SSF was also observed in animal models [10].

References