Disease relevance of CCL25

• We found that CCL25 selectively enhanced resistance to TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis in T-ALL and T-CLL CD4(+) T cells as well as in MOLT4 T cells, but CD4 and CD8 double-positive thymocytes did not [1].
• The TECK-induced chemotaxis was sensitive to pertussis toxin and partially inhibited by Abs to CCR9 [2].
• The current study evaluates the molecular mechanisms of CCL25 and CCR9 in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion [3].
• CCR9-positive lymphocytes and thymus-expressed chemokine distinguish small bowel from colonic Crohn's disease [4].
• Hepatic endothelial CCL25 mediates the recruitment of CCR9+ gut-homing lymphocytes to the liver in primary sclerosing cholangitis [5].

High impact information on CCL25

• We conclude that TECK represents a novel thymic dendritic cell-specific CC chemokine that is possibly involved in T cell development [6].
• The source of TECK in the thymus was determined to be thymic dendritic cells; in contrast, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells do not express TECK [6].
• Besides the thymus, mRNA encoding TECK was detected at substantial levels in the small intestine and at low levels in the liver [6].
• The murine TECK recombinant protein showed chemotactic activity for activated macrophages, dendritic cells, and thymocytes [6].
• TECK has weak homology to other CC chemokines and maps to mouse chromosome 8 [6].

Biological context of CCL25

• Finally, both CCL25 and CCL28 were capable of enhancing alpha4 integrin-dependent adhesion of IgA ASCs to mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 and VCAM-1 [7].
• TECK expression was analyzed in inflamed SB and colon by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry [4].
• Only melanoma cells and cell lines from small intestinal metastases, however, were responsive to the CCR9 ligand TECK, as assessed by receptor downregulation and by actin polymerization [8].
• RESULTS: A transient, high-level expression of TECK in murine ovaries at the mRNA level during hCG-induced ovulation was detected [9].

Anatomical context of CCL25

• Furthermore, the venular endothelial cells in small intestine were positive for CCL25 and CCL28, whereas those in colon were positive for CCL28, suggesting their direct roles in extravasation of IgA ASCs [7].
• Collectively, CCL25 and CCL28 play essential roles in intestinal homing of IgA ASCs primarily by mediating their extravasation into intestinal lamina propria [7].
• TECK attracts predominantly the T cell fraction of small bowel LPMC, whereas sorted CD3(+)CCR9(+) and CD3(+)CCR9(-) lymphocytes produce similar Th1 or Th2 cytokines at the single cell level [2].
• Thymus-expressed chemokine (TECK) has been reported to chemoattract dendritic cells, thymocytes, and activated macrophages [10].
• The role of thymus-expressed chemokine and its receptor CCR9 on lymphocytes in the regional specialization of the mucosal immune system [2].

Associations of CCL25 with chemical compounds

• Blocking of c-FLIP(L)--independent cycloheximide-induced apoptosis or Fas-mediated apoptosis by the CC chemokine receptor 9/TECK interaction [11].
• The history of the College of Medicine and Tan Teck Guan Buildings [12].
• Nicotine use in early mediaeval Kirchheim/Teck, Germany [13].

Regulatory relationships of CCL25

• Both Foxn1-positive and -negative epithelial cells seem to express Dll4 and CCL25 [14].

Other interactions of CCL25

• These results imply a restricted role for lymphocyte CCR9 and its ligand TECK in the small intestine, and provide the first evidence for distinctive mechanisms of lymphocyte recruitment that may permit functional specialization of immune responses in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract [15].
• Lymphocyte CC chemokine receptor 9 and epithelial thymus-expressed chemokine (TECK) expression distinguish the small intestinal immune compartment: Epithelial expression of tissue-specific chemokines as an organizing principle in regional immunity [15].
• Human G protein-coupled receptor GPR-9-6/CC chemokine receptor 9 is selectively expressed on intestinal homing T lymphocytes, mucosal lymphocytes, and thymocytes and is required for thymus-expressed chemokine-mediated chemotaxis [16].
• As an example, the migration of gamma delta T cells to the small intestine is guided by the chemokine receptor CCR9 and the local expression of the corresponding ligand CCL25 (also termed thymus-expressed chemokine, TECK) [17].
• Expression of Dll4 and CCL25 in Foxn1-negative epithelial cells in the post-natal thymus [14].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CCL25

• Immunohistochemistry revealed that the leukemic cells in the gut still expressed CCR9 and colocalized with a high expression of the CCR9 ligand, CCL25 [18].
• The expressed ovarian TECK protein was readily detectable by Western blot [9].
• Sequencing of directly cloned PCR product confirmed the ovarian expression of TECK [9].
• Ovarian TECK expression during ovulation was determined by: (1) reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at mRNA level, (2) Western blot and immunohistology at the protein level, and (3) leukocyte infiltration assay at the bioactive level [9].

References