Disease relevance of CD1A

• Expression of B7 co-stimulatory molecules and CD1a antigen by alveolar macrophages in allergic bronchial asthma [1].
• In vitro, melanoma patient-derived dendritic cells (DCs) showed reduced cell surface expression of CD1a antigen on iDCs and reduced CD86 and HLA-DR expression on mDCs [2].
• Ultrastructurally, no Birbeck granules were observed, and immunochemistry did not reveal any S-100 protein or CD1a antigen in any of the lesional cells, excluding Langerhans cell histiocytosis [3].
• Hairy cell leukemia cells express CD1a antigen [4].
• In the skin conditions investigated, the CD1a molecule was highly expressed in mycosis fungoides, T-cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia, lymphomatoid papulosis and parapsoriasis, whereas few CD1a-positive cells were observed in cutaneous B-cell lymphomas [5].

High impact information on CD1A

• RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis of 11 prospectively identified children showed a significantly greater number of mucosal CD3 and CD8 lymphocytes, as well as CD1a antigen-presenting cells compared with normal controls [6].
• The genes are evenly spaced in the complex except for the distance between CD1D and CD1A, which is two to three times greater than the average [7].
• Although in the case of CD1A only the transcript encoding the cell surface CD1a isoform is found, CD1C and -E produce complex intrathymic splicing patterns [8].
• In the case of CD1A transfectants, we demonstrate that the major protein product is secreted and show by amino acid sequence analysis that this is derived from an unspliced transcript [8].
• Immunohistochemical detection of CD1A antigen in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections with monoclonal antibody 010 [9].

Biological context of CD1A

• There are five closely linked CD1 genes in humans located in chromosome 1 (named CD1A, B, C, D, and E) all showing limited polymorphism in exon 2 which codifies for the alpha1 domain of CD1 molecules [10].
• CD1A duplication in the porcine genome was estimated to have occurred after the divergence of the human and porcine [11].
• Although a correlation between CD1E*01/01 genotype and recent C. jejuni infection or presence of antiganglioside antibodies was not found the overall findings indicate that susceptibility to develop GBS is associated with polymorphisms of CD1E and CD1A genes [10].
• Our aim was to study possible allelic variations of exons 2 and 3, encoding for the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, respectively, of human CD1A, -B, -C and -D genes [12].
• The CD1A and CD1E alleles were nominally identified as CD1A*01, CD1A*02, CD1E*01 and CD1E*02, and the control gene frequencies were found to be 5%, 95%, 67% and 33%, respectively [13].

Anatomical context of CD1A

• Cultured cells had the morphological appearance of DC and expressed the DC-associated antigens CD1A (range 2-87%) and CD83 (15-44%) [14].
• CD1 gene (CD1A to CD1E) products are involved in non-peptide antigen presentation, such as lipids and glycolipids, to T cells [15].
• Intratumoural macrophages and Langerhans cells were identified with the KP 1 (CD68) and CD1A antibodies [16].
• Interferon gamma impairs the ability of monocyte-derived dendritic cells to present tumour-specific and allo-specific antigens and reduces their expression of CD1A, CD80 AND CD4 [17].
• These results attribute to the CD1a molecule expressed by monocytes a role in the transduction of signal(s) involved in superantigen-induced activation [18].

Associations of CD1A with chemical compounds

• The cDNAs encoding both wild type and mutant CD1A were cloned in the expression vector pSRalphaNeo and transfected into C1R and L721.221 cells [19].
• We have previously described and partially characterized a new human CD1A allele differing from the wild type CD1A by a substitution of Cysteine by Tryptophan at position 52 in the alpha1 domain of the CD1A molecule [19].
• Lesional cells expressing the CD1a molecule were enriched using either fluorescein-activated cell sorting or negative selection with indirect immunomagnetic beads, and functional activity was assessed using the 6-day primary allogeneic mixed-cell reaction [20].

Regulatory relationships of CD1A

• CD1D is monomorphic in both controls and patients whereas CD1A and CD1E are biallelic in exon 2 [10].
• Immunohistochemical study in situ revealed that CD86 was expressed on dendritic cells with CD1a antigen in organ-cultured but not fresh skin [21].
• On CD1-expressing cells (thymocytes and Langerhans cells) it would be tempting to take advantage of the sensitivity of CD1a molecule to trypsin in order to precise the structure/function relationship of CD1a antigen [22].

Other interactions of CD1A

• During the study, two strains (CD1A and CD4) extensively contaminated the CCH environment [23].
• A significant inhibition of the mixed skin cell-lymphocyte reaction was obtained with BL6 and DMC1 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb), which recognize the same epitope on CD1a molecule [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CD1A

• DNA analysis using the CD1A c-myc probe did not reveal rearrangements of the c-myc gene by Southern blotting [25].
• RESULTS: In the Trowell-type skin organ culture, morphologic integrity of ELC, CD1a molecule, and Birbeck granules could be preserved intact up to 3 to 4 days in culture [26].
• One hundred and ninety well-characterized acute and chronic leukaemias were studied for the expression of CD1a antigen by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) [27].
• Expression and localization of the CD1A molecule were then confirmed by Northern blot analysis and immunofluorescence methods [28].
• As other murine MA's obtained after immunization with human cortical thymocytes, this MA immunoprecipitates the 49-kDa CD1a antigen found on human LC and thymic-cell surfaces but not its breakdown product after treatment with trypsin, as demonstrated by analysis of immunoelectron labelling, cytofluorometry and gel electrophoresis [29].

References