Disease relevance of Coronary Stenosis

• Glucose metabolism distal to a critical coronary stenosis in a canine model of low-flow myocardial ischemia [1].
• CRP concentrations were positively correlated with age, smoking, body-mass index, triglycerides, extent of coronary stenosis, history of myocardial infarction, and lower ejection fraction [2].
• Since prostacyclin has been shown to prevent platelet accumulation and progression to total occlusion in animals with experimental coronary stenoses, the observed inhibition of platelet aggregation suggests that prostacyclin should be further evaluated in unstable angina [3].
• Previous experimental studies have shown that the effect of serotonin on a coronary stenosis depends on whether that stenosis is compliant or fixed [4].
• The two tracers have been tested for myocardial blood flow quantification in closed-chest dogs with circumflex coronary stenosis or permanent occlusion at rest and during adenosine-induced hyperemia [5].

High impact information on Coronary Stenosis

• Regardless of age the relative risk of akinesis or dyskinesis, adjusted for coronary stenosis, was significant: 1.84 (1.28 to 2.65) for men under 55 and 1.57 (1.12 to 2.19) for men 55 or older [6].
• Angiographic studies have shown beneficial effects of pravastatin on coronary stenosis when initiated after a coronary event [7].
• Therefore, phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was employed in an in vivo porcine model of graded coronary stenosis [8].
• Thus, (a) treadmill exercise promotes the development of cyclic flow variations in dogs with coronary stenoses and endothelial injury; (b) ventricular pacing does not induce cyclic flow variations in most dogs in the same model; and (c) TXA2 and/or serotonin are important mediators of cyclic flow variations in this model [9].
• Using this canine model, we tested the hypotheses: (a) that thrombin is an important mediator of CFVs in dogs with coronary stenoses and endothelial injury; (b) that inhibition of thrombin with heparin, or MCI-9038, a selective thrombin inhibitor, abolishes CFVs in this model; and (c) that abolition of CFVs by thrombin inhibition is time dependent [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Coronary Stenosis

• Coronary stenosis dilatation induced by L-arginine [11].
• Incremental doses of dobutamine induce a biphasic response in dysfunctional left ventricular regions subtending coronary stenoses [12].
• Serial thallium-201 myocardial imaging after dipyridamole infusion: diagnostic utility in detecting coronary stenoses and relationship to regional wall motion [13].
• Quantitative thallium-201 redistribution with a fixed coronary stenosis in dogs [14].
• Comparison between 201Tl and 99mTc sestamibi uptake during adenosine-induced vasodilation as a function of coronary stenosis severity [15].

Biological context of Coronary Stenosis

• Adrenergic coronary vasoconstriction was observed to operate even in the presence of coronary stenosis to limit oxygen delivery to the heart and increase myocardial oxygen extraction, but this vasoconstrictor effect did not result in myocardial lactate production [16].
• In 102 patients with high-grade coronary stenosis admitted for elective PTCA, preprocedural platelet activation was characterized by flow cytometric measurement of the proteins CD62, CD63, and thrombospondin expressed on the platelet surface membrane [17].
• At an infusion rate of 100 micrograms/kg per min we were unable to demonstrate cardioprotective esmolol effects in a canine model of critical coronary stenosis with controlled heart rate and identical loading conditions [18].
• Effects of critical coronary stenosis on global systolic left ventricular function quantified by pressure-volume relations during dobutamine stress in the canine heart [19].
• Thus, variation in thallium kinetics in relation to the severity of coronary stenosis can be demonstrated with conventional imaging in patients with one vessel disease [20].

Anatomical context of Coronary Stenosis

• METHODS AND RESULTS: The selective bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist HOE 140 was infused into the left main coronary artery (200 micrograms/min for 15 minutes) in 15 patients without significant coronary stenoses [21].
• CONCLUSIONS: When myocardial necrosis coexists with post-ischemic myocardial dysfunction and no residual coronary stenosis, the absolute degree of wall thickening during dobutamine can be used to determine the extent of myocardium that has escaped necrosis [22].
• Finally, activation of the catalytic unit of adenylyl cyclase by forskolin and GTP was not altered by coronary stenosis, however, basal cyclic AMP in myocytes was depressed at 14 days [23].
• BACKGROUND: Although isoflurane may cause subendocardial hypoperfusion in the presence of coronary stenosis because of its coronary arteriolar dilatory effects, it is not known how the subendocardial microcirculation is affected [24].
• CONCLUSIONS: Acute inflammatory markers such as high neutrophil count, CRP concentration, and neopterin concentration correlate with the presence of multiple angiographically complex coronary stenoses [25].

Gene context of Coronary Stenosis

• No difference in the score of coronary stenosis index (CSI) was found in FH with/without CETP deficiency, although CSI was inversely correlated with HDL-C levels (P < 0.05) [26].
• Thus, the level of PAI activity under basal conditions reflected the extent of disease activity, suggesting that PAI activity may be a useful clinical indicator of the severity of rest angina in patients without significant coronary stenosis [27].
• LPL associated with sex (females>males) and LCAT with alcohol intake (drinkers>non-drinkers) although neither enzyme demonstrated direct correlation with coronary stenosis [28].
• Complexity of coronary stenosis was positively correlated with tissue-type plasminogen activator (TPA) mass concentration (P < 0.01) and PAI activity (P < 0.05) [29].
• We have recently reported a marked increase of basic FGF in the pericardial fluid of patients with severe coronary stenosis and an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pericardial fluid of patients with severe myocardial ischemia [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Coronary Stenosis

• From these data, we conclude that quantitative analysis of myocardial SPECT after dipyridamole infusion is a safe and accurate diagnostic method for identifying coronary stenosis in children with Kawasaki disease [31].
• Effect of nitroglycerin and nifedipine on subendocardial perfusion in the presence of a flow-limiting coronary stenosis in the awake dog [32].
• Automated quantitative angiographic measurement of minimal lumen diameter is a practical and useful index for determining both the anatomic and functional significance of coronary stenosis, and a value of 1.07 mm is the best predictor for a positive dobutamine stress test [33].
• The relationship among postmenopausal estrogen use, coronary stenosis, and survival was examined retrospectively in 2268 women undergoing coronary angiography [34].
• Relation of perfusion defects observed with myocardial contrast echocardiography to the severity of coronary stenosis: correlation with thallium-201 single-photon emission tomography [35].

References