Disease relevance of Lymphangioma

• Recently, a novel monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3), a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed almost exclusively by lymphatic endothelium in the adult, has been shown to react with a small number of cases of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and cutaneous lymphangiomas [1].
• The Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a congenital vascular anomaly consisting of the triad of soft-tissue and bony hypertrophy of the extremities, hemangiomas and/or lymphangiomas, and varicosities [2].
• The histological results were either follicular or theca lutein cysts in 12 cases, one lymphangioma and one teratoma [3].
• Treatment of cystic hygroma and lymphangioma with the use of bleomycin fat emulsion [4].
• All lymphangiomas and Kaposi sarcomas showed consistent VEGFR-3 reactivity [5].

High impact information on Lymphangioma

• They closely resembled the large lymphatics found in lymphangiomas/lymphatic malformations, perhaps implicating VEGF-A in the pathogenesis of these lesions [6].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five patients with unresectable lymphangiomas of the pelvis (n = 2), neck (n = 1), abdomen (n = 1), or leg (n = 1) were treated at two medical centers with sclerotherapy, with use of doxycycline as the sclerosant [7].
• Regular lymphatic endothelium and lymphangiomas were strongly positive for CD9 and podoplanin but were mostly negative for PAL-E and CD34 [8].
• CONCLUSION: CO2 laser treatment recently has been recommended for vulvar lymphangioma circumscriptum and is effective in vaporizing the communicating vessels to deeper cisterns [9].
• Co-expression of VEGF-C and its receptors, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, in endothelial cells of lymphangioma. Implication in autocrine or paracrine regulation of lymphangioma [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Lymphangioma

• Magnetic resonance imaging of orbital lymphangioma with and without gadolinium contrast enhancement [11].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with lymphangiomas were treated with acetic acid as the sclerosant [12].
• METHODS: Ten colonic lymphangiomas, diagnosed and resected endoscopically between 1992 and 1999, were microscopically examined and immunohistochemically stained with CD31, CD34, Factor VIII-related antigen, and smooth muscle actin [13].
• In contrast, lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells in normal human skin and in lymphangiomas displayed, in addition to a luminal labeling, pronounced expression of CD31 and CD34 along the abluminal cell membranes [14].
• Recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding associated with an abdominal lymphangioma: treatment by parenteral nutrition [15].

Biological context of Lymphangioma

• John's Institute of Dermatology from 1996 to 1999 identified three women with vulval lymphangiectasia and two with vulval lymphangioma circumscriptum treated with the CO2 laser [16].

Anatomical context of Lymphangioma

• CONCLUSIONS: The scant staining for Ki-67 in the majority of the lesions, combined with proliferative rates that were only focally elevated, suggests that lymphangiomas in children and adults are quiescent lesions whose enlargement is due to engorgement by chyle and localized secondary inflammation rather than primary tumoral growth [17].
• Results: In the oral lymphangiomas and hemangiomas D2-40 was detected in all lymphatics, while all blood vessels were positive for CD34 [18].
• Carbon dioxide laser ablation for treatment of lymphangioma of the conjunctiva [19].

Gene context of Lymphangioma

• The results suggest that VEGF-C and its receptors may take active parts in the formation of lymphangioma by autocrine or paracrine regulation [10].
• The present case of lymphangioma showed strong immunohistochemical reactivity of angiogenin and vWF, while it showed weak reactions of VEGF and PCNA [20].
• Here we used lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) derived from experimentally induced murine lymphangiomas to investigate the pattern of chemokine expression by these cells [21].
• OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of molecules targeted by imatinib mesylate (STI571;Gleevec) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in orbital lymphangiomas [22].
• Senile and cavernous haemangiomas as well as lymphangiomas were negative or exhibited only weak CD40 reactivity [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Lymphangioma

• Orbital lymphangioma with positive immunohistochemistry of lymphatic endothelial markers (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 and podoplanin) [24].
• BACKGROUND DATA: The treatment of lymphangioma with the laser surgery using Nd:YAG and CO2 laser has become favorable due of a lack of postoperative pain and hemorrhage [25].

References