Disease relevance of Erythrocyte Membrane

• Activity of pentamidine-containing human red cell ghosts against visceral leishmaniasis in the hamster [1].
• When purified anti-nucleus IgG molecules were introduced into FL cells by the erythrocyte-ghost fusion method with HVJ (Sendai virus), release of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm was inhibited in the presence of alpha-amanitin, but nuclear accumulation of 125I-labeled non-histone chromosomal protein from the cytoplasm was not inhibited [2].
• These workers observed impaired calcium-stimulated phosphatidic acid accumulation in red cell ghosts from individuals with myotonic dystrophy compared with normal controls [3].
• Although cholesterol appeared to be sensitive to protoporphyrin-induced photooxidation in model systems and in red cell ghosts, it could be shown that photohemolysis of red blood cells of patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria cannot be rationalized on the basis of a cholesterol peroxidation [4].
• The Na,K-ATPase activity of the red cell ghosts from neonatal blood is significantly lower (25-32%) as compared with the ATPase activity of the maternal red cell ghosts, regardless of the presence or not of preeclampsia [5].

High impact information on Erythrocyte Membrane

• African green monkey cells (CV-1P) were microinjected with highly purified SV40 T antigen using protein-loaded red cell ghosts and polyethylene glycol as fusagen [6].
• Carbocyanine dyes inhibit Ca-dependent K efflux from human red cell ghosts [7].
• Red cell ghost entrapped desferrioxamine was given intravenously and, ten days later, an equal dose of desferrioxamine was administered via slow subcutaneous infusion over 10 h [8].
• Orthophosphate-promoted ouabain binding to Na/K pumps of resealed red cell ghosts. Evidence for E*P preferentially binding ouabain [9].
• Conditions found to elute p37 from red cell ghosts include H2O at pH 12, 0.1 N NaOH + 1 mM ethanol and 1.0% Triton X-100. p37 was purified substantially from ghosts by Triton X-100 solubilization followed by sequential DEAE-Sephadex and CM-Sephadex chromatography [10].

Biological context of Erythrocyte Membrane

• Early initiation of DNA synthesis in G1 phase HeLa cells following fusion with red cell ghosts loaded with S-phase cell extracts [11].
• Because the low permeability of red cell membranes for polyamines might have obscured some direct effects on intracellular processes, we measured active transport of 22Na out of red cell ghosts that had been resealed in the presence of 5 mmol/l spermine [12].
• The most relevant features of the membrane denaturation were, (i) lipid peroxidation, as assessed by malonidialdehyde production, (ii) spectrin and ankyrin degradation with simultaneous globin binding to the membrane, as evidenced by electrophoretic pattern of red cell ghosts [13].
• The exchange efflux kinetics of [3H]arachidonate at 0 degrees C, pH 7.3 from human red cell ghosts to bovine serum albumin (BSA) in buffer is analysed in terms of a closed three-compartment model [14].
• After dansylation, the specific anion transport inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyanato-dihydrostilbene 2,2'-disulfonate (H2DIDS) is still capable of combining with its original binding site on the band 3 protein and of producing the same high degree of inhibition of sulfate exchange as in the untreated red cell ghost [15].

Anatomical context of Erythrocyte Membrane

• Ten patients with excess body iron stores of different levels and with different diagnoses were given desferrioxamine inside osmotically lysed and resealed red blood cells (red cell ghosts) [8].
• The inhibitor of anion exchange 4,4'-dibenzoamido-2,2'-disulfonic stilbene (DBDS) binds to band 3, the anion transport protein in human red cell ghost membranes, and undergoes a large increase in fluorescence intensity when bound to band 3 [16].
• The results of this paper show that resealed human red cell ghosts containing arsenazo III can be used to continuously monitor intracellular free Ca and to study the factors that influence the permeability of the red cell membrane to Ca [17].
• Tritiated bupivacaine was bound to a greater extent to red cell ghosts from cord blood (24.6 +/- 5.8%) than to adult red cell ghosts (14.6 +/- 2.6%) [18].
• Subsequent separation with sodium metrizoate/Ficoll (density 1.077) gave rise to a preparation containing 95% polymorphonuclear leukocytes with a recovery of 56% and complete exclusion of red cell ghosts [19].

Associations of Erythrocyte Membrane with chemical compounds

• When it was added to the partially purified cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases from human red cell ghosts or bovine brain, noncompetitive inhibition of cyclic AMP binding to the regulatory subunit of the enzyme was observed [20].
• We conclude that altered levels of cholesterol in plasma and erythrocytes from MS patients may contribute to increased erythrocyte-membrane Zn in MS patients [21].
• This conclusion is supported by the fact that homoglobin-free red cell ghosts can bind only 10% as much phloretin as an equivalent number of red cells [22].
• Resealed human red cell ghosts containing caged ATP (Kaplan et al., 1978) and [3H]ADP were irradiated at 340 nm [23].
• Increasing free intracellular Ca (Cai) from less than 0.1 microM to 10 microM by means of A23187 activated Ca-stimulated K transport and inhibited the Na-K pump in resealed human red cell ghosts [24].

Gene context of Erythrocyte Membrane

• Resealed red cell ghosts were prepared at a final dilution of 1:325 from normal and G6PD-deficient cells [25].
• Erythrocyte actin, prepared from red cell ghosts, also displays binding properties for DBP [26].
• Role of RhAG and AQP1 in NH(3) and CO(2) gas transport in red cell ghosts: a stopped-flow analysis [27].
• Treatment of red cell ghosts with ozone inhibited both AChE (marking the outside of the membrane) and G3PDH (marking the inside of the membrane) [28].
• After treatment of red cell ghosts with chymotrypsin, the predominant intrinsic peptides remaining in the membrane fraction are 15,000 and 9,000 daltons mol wt [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Erythrocyte Membrane

• To assess possible physical constraints on actin protofilaments in intact membranes, fluorescence polarization microscopy (FPM) has been used to study rhodamine phalloidin-labeled red cell ghosts [30].
• Many techniques including direct microinjection, liposome-mediated delivery, fusion of red cell ghosts, and osmotic lysis of pinocytic vesicles have been used to introduce proteins into intact cells [31].

References