Disease relevance of Leukomalacia, Periventricular

• These recent findings bode well for clinical intervention with NMDAR antagonists in more neurological disorders than previously thought, including multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy (periventricular leukomalacia), and spinal cord injury [1].
• Among the 46 infants with increased cerebral echodensities, PCr/Pi was more likely to be low, and prognosis poor, in infants whose echodensities were diffuse or indicated intraparenchymal hemorrhage than in infants whose echodensities were consistent with periventricular leukomalacia [2].
• We speculate that hypocapnia-induced hypoxia results in increased intranuclear Ca(2+) flux, which causes protease and endonuclease activation, DNA fragmentation, and periventricular leukomalacia in newborn infants [3].
• OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of antenatal magnesium sulfate prevents adverse outcomes (neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leucomalacia, death, and cerebral palsy) [4].
• These results suggest that ERK is involved in gliosis during the recovery phase from MI and may play a role in the etiology of periventricular leukomalacia [5].

High impact information on Leukomalacia, Periventricular

• CONCLUSIONS: Antenatal exposure to betamethasone but not dexamethasone is associated with a decreased risk of cystic periventricular leukomalacia among very premature infants [6].
• When injected intracerebrally into newborn mice, the glutamatergic analog ibotenate induces white matter cysts mimicking human periventricular leukomalacia [7].
• Melatonin and derivatives that block cAMP production through activation of melatonin receptors could represent new avenues for treating human periventricular leukomalacia [7].
• OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence and pattern of epilepsy in patients with periventricular leukomalacia (PVLM) in two specialty clinic settings [8].
• We previously showed that intracerebral administration of the glutamate agonist ibotenate to postnatal day 5 mice induces white matter lesions mimicking human periventricular leukomalacia [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Leukomalacia, Periventricular

• RESULTS: The rate of cystic periventricular leukomalacia was 4.4 percent among the infants whose mothers had received betamethasone, 11.0 percent among the infants whose mothers had received dexamethasone, and 8.4 percent among the infants whose mothers had not received a glucocorticoid [6].
• The 8-isoprostane levels increased significantly more (p < 0.05) in infants who later developed periventricular leukomalacia [10].
• The mean (SD) ascorbyl radical level on day 3 was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in infants who later developed periventricular leukomalacia [287 (124) versus 194 (90)] [10].
• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of antenatal steroid treatment on the development of neonatal periventricular leukomalacia [11].
• STUDY DESIGN: Immunohistochemical staining for cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6) was performed in 10% formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain sections of 17 cases with periventricular leukomalacia [12].

Biological context of Leukomalacia, Periventricular

• OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of antenatal steroid exposure and in utero inflammation on the development of severe intraventricular haemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia and long-term neurological outcome in infants less than 30 completed weeks gestation [13].
• SUMMARY: Periventricular leukomalacia and death are significantly associated with SIP in ELBW after adjusting for gestational age, multiple gestation, indomethacin, and glucocorticoid exposure [14].

Anatomical context of Leukomalacia, Periventricular

• OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between amniotic fluid (AF) neuron-specific enolase and the development of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leucomalacia [15].
• To understand how OPN is involved in the process of ischemic axonal death in periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), we examined the immunoreactivity of OPN and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1; microglia/macrophage marker) at various stages of PVL [16].
• Aetiological factors have included autosomal dominant inheritance in four families, foetal exposure to sodium valproate in three cases, and structural lesions in five (hypomyelination x 2, periventricular leukomalacia, Vein of Galen malformation, pinealoma) [17].
• OBJECTIVES: To determine whether periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and peri- and intraventricular hemorrhages can be detected in fetuses at risk for preterm birth and to establish the clinical significance of this finding [18].
• Our data provide a general mechanistic link between (1) lipopolysaccharide and similar microbial molecular motifs and (2) injury to oligodendrocytes and myelin as occurs in periventricular leukomalacia and multiple sclerosis [19].

Gene context of Leukomalacia, Periventricular

• We recently observed an elevation of neuron-specific enolase in the amniotic fluid of women whose neonates subsequently developed intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia [20].
• Myelin transcription factor 1 (MyT1) immunoreactivity in infants with periventricular leukomalacia [21].
• However, patients who had periventricular leukomalacia by brain MRI showed a wide range and very high levels of S100B exceeding 10,000 ng/L in some cases [22].
• Using Western blot analysis, we examined the expression of nestin in the CSF of newborn infants (GA 25-42 wk) with asphyxia (n = 14), periventricular leukomalacia and peri(intra)ventricular hemorrhage (n = 7), and in a control group (n = 11) [23].
• Predictors of MDI < 70 were grade III-IV ICH, cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), male gender, black race, and Medicaid insurance [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Leukomalacia, Periventricular

• To determine if magnesium sulfate has an effect on the development of cystic periventricular leukomalacia in preterm infants, this retrospective case control study was conducted [25].

References