Disease relevance of MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• These results validate the long-practiced use of magnesium sulfate in the prevention of eclampsia [1].
• We measured serum concentrations of calcium and parathyroid hormone in seven pregnant women who were receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate for the suppression of premature labor [2].
• We randomly assigned women with hypertension who were admitted for delivery to receive either magnesium sulfate or phenytoin [1].
• Therapeutic use of magnesium sulfate in selected cases of cerebral ischemia and seizure [3].
• More on prenatal magnesium sulfate and risk of cerebral palsy [4].

Psychiatry related information on MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• Prenatal magnesium sulfate exposure and the risk for cerebral palsy or mental retardation among very low-birth-weight children aged 3 to 5 years [5].
• The results suggest that both inhibition of water absorption and reduced circular smooth muscle activity may be important factors in castor oil- and magnesium sulfate-induced catharsis [6].
• Intracranially administered magnesium sulfate significantly (p < 0.01) increased the seizure latency period by 120% [7].
• The comparative effects of remifentanil or magnesium sulfate versus placebo on attenuating the hemodynamic responses after electroconvulsive therapy [8].
• Intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate (250 micromoles/kg) at 30 min after injury significantly improved rotarod (sensorimotor) and open field (stress/anxiety) performance, and led to a faster rate of recovery in the Barnes maze (learning) [9].

High impact information on MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• A comparison of magnesium sulfate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia [1].
• Bronchodilating effect of intravenous magnesium sulfate in bronchial asthma [10].
• The effect of magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate infusion on circulating levels of immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT) was evaluated on nine occasions in three patients with metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid [11].
• Magnesium sulphate in pre-eclampsia [12].
• Magnesium sulphate is recommended as the treatment of choice in symptomatic neonatal tetany whether or not there is hypomagnesaemia [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• Recent clinical reports have shown suppression of quinidine-induced torsade de pointes with intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate [14].
• CONCLUSION: Magnesium sulfate, 1.2 g over 20 minutes after beta-agonist administration, is safe and modestly efficacious in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its bronchodilator effect is greater than that of a beta-agonist given alone and lasts beyond the period of magnesium sulfate administration [15].
• Parenteral magnesium sulfate remained the preferred therapeutic approach for avoiding or treating the convulsive complication, eclampsia, but the Working Group underscored the need for controlled trials of magnesium's efficacy [16].
• One child developed carpopedal spasms refractory to intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate but responsive to intramuscular injection of magnesium sulfate [17].
• A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial of intravenous magnesium sulfate for foscarnet-induced ionized hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia in patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus infection [18].

Biological context of MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• Magnesium sulfate infused at 200 mg/hr for 3 hours reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure within 1 hour (from 119 +/- 2 [SEM] to 109 +/- 4 mm Hg systolic; from 74 +/- 3 to 64 +/- 4 mm Hg diastolic; p less than 0.02) [19].
• The effects of Chrono-lume (CL) and magnesium sulfate (Mg2+), a component of this luciferin-luciferase reagent, on platelet aggregation were studied in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) obtained from blood anticoagulated with sodium citrate from humans, dogs, cats, horses, and cows [20].
• A model of mucus colonization by C. jejuni in the mouse cecum has been developed, using antibiotic- and magnesium sulfate-treated specific-pathogen-free animals [21].
• Magnesium sulfate appears to inhibit myometrial contractility but is ineffective at prolonging gestation or preventing preterm birth [22].
• Resistance artery vasodilation to magnesium sulfate during pregnancy and the postpartum state [23].

Anatomical context of MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• Correlation between gallbladder size and release of cholecystokinin after oral magnesium sulfate in man [24].
• METHODS: Sixty patients were randomized to magnesium sulfate (8 mmol IV over 15 minutes and 65 mmol over 24 hours) or placebo within 12 hours of clinically diagnosed middle cerebral artery stroke [25].
• Topical magnesium sulfate caused dramatic dilation of the basilar artery in both the control and the subarachnoid hemorrhage groups to near 150% of the baseline diameter in the controls (p less than 0.001) [26].
• Intrathecal magnesium sulfate protects the spinal cord from ischemic injury during thoracic aortic cross-clamping [27].
• Effect of magnesium sulfate on the calcium-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase activity and lipid peroxidation of red blood cell membranes from preeclamptic women [28].

Associations of MAGNESIUM SULFATE with other chemical compounds

• Rhombohedral crystals grow in 1.8 to 2.0 M ammonium sulfite, pH 7.8 at 21 degrees C, and tetragonal crystals grow in 2.6 M magnesium sulfate, pH 5.5 at 25 degrees C. Analysis of TNF by isoelectric focusing under native and denaturing conditions indicates that TNF molecules exist as trimers in solution [29].
• The effect of infusing calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium lactate, and ammonium chloride on renin secretion was compared to equimolar infusions of hypotonic and normal saline in sodium-deplete normal subjects [30].
• Pharmacologic approaches, including pulmonary surfactants, prostacyclin, endothelin antagonists, Ca(2+)-channel blockers, magnesium sulfate, and tolazoline, have exhibited varying degrees of efficacy in lowering pulmonary vascular pressures in humans and/or animals [31].
• Since apoB-containing lipoproteins (VLDL and LDL) are readily precipitated from plasma by dextran sulfate and magnesium sulfate, we have studied the thermal properties of this precipitate using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) [32].
• In a prospective study, 443 patients referred for double-contrast barium enema examination were allocated to one of four regimens consisting of either 24 or 48 hours of clear liquids in combination with a cathartic laxative (magnesium sulfate), an irritant laxative (bisacodyl), and hydration [33].

Gene context of MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• Calcitonin gene- and parathyroid hormone-related peptides in preeclampsia: effects of magnesium sulfate [34].
• CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral treatment with magnesium sulfate results in a significant reduction in the NMDA receptor binding capacity in the rat brain [35].
• Furthermore, magnesium sulfate therapy increased the levels of CGRP in the maternal circulation [34].
• Magnesium sulfate treatment decreases N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor binding in the rat brain: an autoradiographic study [35].
• OBJECTIVE: To determine whether circulating levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) are altered in preeclampsia, and to assess the effects of magnesium sulfate therapy on circulating levels of these two peptides [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• Magnesium sulfate (6-mEq bolus plus 2 mEq/h for 5 hours) was given at 15 or 45 minutes of coronary occlusion or 15 minutes of reperfusion [36].
• Twelve consecutive patients who developed torsade de pointes (polymorphous ventricular tachycardia with marked QT prolongation, TdP) over a 4 year period were treated with intravenous injections of magnesium sulfate [37].
• Levels were also measured in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients before and after intravenous magnesium sulfate administration and compared with those from intensive care unit (ICU) patients and healthy individuals [38].
• Magnesium sulfate reduces myocardial infarct size when administered before but not after coronary reperfusion in a canine model [36].
• There was a statistically nonsignificantly trend toward a reduced need for hospitalization in the magnesium sulfate group as compared with the placebo group (28.1% vs 41.9%; P = .25) [15].

References