Disease relevance of Sulfapyridazine

• We have previously shown that the amino-terminal Longin domain of the v-SNARE TI-VAMP (tetanus neurotoxin-insensitive vesicle-associated membrane protein)/VAMP7 plays an inhibitory role in neurite outgrowth [1].
• An open clinical trial of sulphamethoxypyridazine in the treatment of mucous membrane pemphigoid [2].
• All but Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus were new to Ecuador, and Naranjal (serogroup B), Playas (Bunyamwera serogroup), Vinces (serogroup C), Abras and Babahoyo (Patois serogroup), San Juan and Pueblo Viejo (Gamboa serogroup) and Palestina (Minatitlan serogroup) are newly recognized viruses [3].
• Obliterative bronchiolitis and alveolitis associated with sulphamethoxypyridazine (Lederkyn) therapy for linear IgA disease of adults [4].
• Sulphamethoxypyridazine for dermatitis herpetiformis, linear IgA disease and cicatricial pemphigoid [5].

High impact information on Sulfapyridazine

• The functions and cellular localization of longins are regulated at several levels and the longin prototypes TI-VAMP, Sec22 and Ykt6 show different distributions among eukaryotes, reflecting their modular and functional diversity [6].
• First, it negatively regulates the ability of TI-VAMP and of a Longin/Synaptobrevin chimera to participate in SNARE complexes [1].
• Using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we establish that the N-terminal domain of the yeast vacuolar R-SNARE Nyv1p adopts a longin-like fold similar to those of Sec22b and Ykt6p [7].
• A YXXPhi-like adaptin-dependent sorting signal (Y(31)GTI(34)) unique to the longin domain of Nyv1p mediates interactions with the AP3 complex in vivo and in vitro [7].
• SRbeta is a member of the Ras-GTPase superfamily closely related to Arf and Sar1, while SRX belongs to the SNARE-like superfamily with a fold also known as longin domain [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sulfapyridazine

• Pyrimethamine + sulfamethoxypyridazine was the most effective combination against acute toxoplasmosis in mice [9].
• Both were highly effective in controlling the skin disease in 97% of patients on dapsone and 89% on sulphamethoxypyridazine [5].
• Twenty-five patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), whose oral lesions were unresponsive to topical steroid treatment, were treated with 1 g daily of sulphamethoxypyridazine (SMXP), a long-acting sulphonamide antibiotic, in an open prospective clinical trial [2].

Biological context of Sulfapyridazine

• In mammals, TI-VAMP and Ykt6 are crucial for neuronal function, and defects in longin structure or function might underlie some human neurological pathologies [6].
• The pharmacokinetics of sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMP) was investigated in goats after a single intramuscular (im) or subcutaneous (sc) administration (100 mg/kg body weight) [10].
• Bioavailability of sulfamethoxypyridazine following intramuscular or subcutaneous administration in goats [10].
• The disposition kinetics of sulfamethoxypyridazine could be best described by a 2-compartment open model [11].
• We dealt with 3 methods; the first was the classical Longin method of collagen extraction, the second one included additional treatment of powdered bone in alkali solution, while in the third one carboxyl carbon was separated from amino acids obtained after hydrolysis of protein [12].

Anatomical context of Sulfapyridazine

• Nyv1p is sorted to the limiting membrane of the vacuole via the adaptor protein (AP)3 adaptin pathway, and we show that its longin domain is sufficient to direct transport to this location [7].
• Furthermore, the newly identified DUF254 domain is a distant homolog of the mu-adaptin longin domain found in clathrin adapter protein (AP) complexes of known structure that function to localize cargo protein to specific organelles [13].

Associations of Sulfapyridazine with other chemical compounds

• The crystal structure of the equimolar trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMPD) complex in the anhydrous form (TMP. SMPD) and that of the species with 1.5 molecules of water of crystallization (TMP.SMPD.W) are reported in this article [14].
• Active, recurrent, protracted toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis that had been unresponsive to intensive medical therapy with pyrimethamine, sulfamethoxypyridazine, intramuscular folicic acid, or clindamycin and corticosteroids, was treated with photocoagulation in five eyes [15].
• The developed immunoassay is suitable to determine sulfisozole, sulfathiazole, sulfameter, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfapyridine, and sulfamethizole below the maximum residue limit in milk (100 ng mL(-1) of total sulfonamides) rapidly and reliably [16].
• No changes were found in phenytoin T/2 and MCR after treatment with sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfadimethoxine and sulfamethoxydiazine [17].
• Six sulfamides were extracted from kidney and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD): sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimethoxine and sulfaquinoxaline [18].

Gene context of Sulfapyridazine

• However, several sequence-specific surface features of the longin domain indirectly regulate Ykt6 localization through intramolecular interactions that mask otherwise-dominant targeting signals on the SNARE motif and lipid groups [19].
• This review will highlight recent findings on NTDs of syntaxins, the longin domain of VAMP proteins and SNAP-23/25 homologues in yeast [20].
• Comparison with the homologous yeast structure and other longin domains reveals a conserved adjustable hydrophobic surface within SRX which is of central importance for the SRbeta-GTP:SRX interface [8].
• Targeting of Ykt6 to its unique subcellular location was directed by its profilin-like longin domain [19].
• Both products possess corresponding sequences for longin domain at N-terminus, a soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor [NSF] attachment protein receptor (SNARE) coiled-coil region, a transmembrane domain (TM), and an intravesicular tail C-terminal, characteristics of all long VAMPs or longins [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sulfapyridazine

• 2 Sulphamethoxypyridazine was administered in rats either orally or by intraperitoneal injection [22].
• The application of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is described for investigating the interaction between trimethoprim and sulfamethoxypyridazine in suppository formulations containing fat bases (Suppocire, Novata, Witepsol) [23].

References