Disease relevance of HSDB 7035

• After oral treatment, the ED50s of A-56619 and A-56620 were less than 12.5 mg/kg per day against E. coli and 62.9 and 38 mg/kg per day against P. aeruginosa pyelonephritis, respectively [1].
• Of the members of the family Enterobacteriaceae examined, 88% were inhibited by A-56619 and 99% by A-56620 at concentrations of less than or equal to 1.0 microgram/ml [2].
• We determined the MICs of difloxacin (A-56619) and A-56620 against anaerobic bacteria and assessed the effects of alterations in pH, size of inoculum, addition of human serum, and repeated exposure to subinhibitory levels of antibiotics [3].
• A-56619, A-56620, and norfloxacin were bactericidal and, at four times the MIC, reduced the viable cell counts of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by approximately 99.9% within 2 h [4].
• Both difloxacin and A-56620 were effective in vivo against experimentally induced intra-abdominal abscess in rats [5].

High impact information on HSDB 7035

• In separate experiments, the effects of sarafloxacin and enrofloxacin treatment of Campylobacter jejuni-infected chickens on the development of ciprofloxacin resistance were measured [6].
• A high-affinity monoclonal antibody (Mab Sara-95) against the fluoroquinolone sarafloxacin was covalently cross-linked to a protein G column and used to capture fluoroquinolones in fortified serum samples [7].
• In vitro activities of tosufloxacin, temafloxacin, and A-56620 against pathogens of diarrhea [8].
• Activity of difloxacin (A-56619) and A-56620 against clinical anaerobic bacteria in vitro [3].
• In vitro comparison of A-56619, A-56620, amifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of HSDB 7035

• A-56619, A-56620, and chloramphenicol had similar activity against anaerobic bacteria [10].
• Effects of sarafloxacin hydrochloride on human enteric bacteria under simulated human gut conditions [11].

Biological context of HSDB 7035

• Aryl-fluoroquinolone derivatives A-56619 (difloxacin) and A-56620 inhibit mitogen-induced human mononuclear cell proliferation [12].
• In the rat small intestine, sarafloxacin showed dual mechanisms of intestinal absorption with a passive diffusional component and an absorptive carrier-mediated component [13].
• The absorption kinetics of sarafloxacin, as a model of fluoroquinolone structure, were studied in the rat small intestine and in Caco-2 cells [13].
• Pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin in pigs and broilers following intravenous, intramuscular, and oral single-dose applications [14].
• To investigate the microbial biotransformation of veterinary fluoroquinolones, Mucor ramannianus was grown in sucrose/peptone broth with sarafloxacin for 18 days [15].

Anatomical context of HSDB 7035

• Kinetic modelling of the intestinal transport of sarafloxacin. Studies in situ in rat and in vitro in Caco-2 cells [13].
• Thereafter, the sarafloxacin TRR levels in egg albumen declined rapidly and were undetectable 2 days after the last dose, whereas the levels in egg yolk declined at a much slower rate and were undetectable 7 days after drug withdrawal [16].
• An in vitro gut simulation model was designed to mimic the situation of sarafloxacin (free and bound to meat) passing through the human gastrointestinal tract [11].

Associations of HSDB 7035 with other chemical compounds

• The in-vitro antibacterial activity of nalidixic acid and the 4-quinolones, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, A-56619, A-56620 and CI-934 was assessed by determination of MICs [17].
• A new method for the simultaneous determination of three fluoroquinolones (FQs) enrofloxacin (ENRO) ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) and sarafloxacin (SARA) in table eggs has been developed, applying pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and liquid chromatography (LC) with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD) [18].
• The aim of this work is to established methods for determination of quinolones (ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, difloxacin and flumequine), regulated by European Union, and sarafloxacin in turkey muscle [19].
• The fluoroquinolones, temafloxacin, sarafloxacin, and difloxacin, are determined in the bulk drug substances and in a variety of dosage form using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [20].
• In vitro susceptibility of avian mycoplasmas to enrofloxacin, sarafloxacin, tylosin, and oxytetracycline [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of HSDB 7035

• In both the egg albumen and yolk, HPLC analysis indicated that the parent sarafloxacin was the major component [16].
• Isolation of sarafloxacin (SAR) from fortified and incurred chicken eggs was done by a combination of liquid-liquid extraction and aqueous on-line microdialysis performed on an automated trace enrichment of dialysates (ASTED) system [22].
• The use of near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor the mobility of water within the sarafloxacin crystal lattice [23].
• Determination of difloxacin and sarafloxacin in chicken muscle using solid-phase extraction and capillary electrophoresis [24].
• Pharmacokinetic and depletion studies of sarafloxacin after oral administration to eel (Anguilla anguilla) [25].

References