Disease relevance of propanenitrile

• Cysteamine and propionitrile are members of a family of compounds which induce the formation of acute duodenal ulcers in fasted and fed rats [1].
• Metabolism of acetonitrile and propionitrile by Nocardia rhodochrous LL100-21 [2].
• Rhodococcus rhodochrous NCIMB 11216 produced nitrile hydratase (320 nkat mg of protein(-1)) and amidase activity (38.4 nkat mg of protein(-1)) when grown on a medium containing propionitrile [3].
• In the chronic gastric fistula rat, both the antiulcerogens bromocriptine or lergotrile and the proulcerogens haloperidol, pimozide or (-)-N-(2-chlorethyl)-norapomorphine decreased the cysteamine- or propionitrile-induced gastric secretion [4].
• Cysteamine and propionitrile also cause dyskinesia in large and multiple doses [5].

Psychiatry related information on propanenitrile

• The planar rigidized molecule fluorazene (FPP) undergoes fast reversible intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) in the excited state, with a reaction time of 12 ps in the polar solvent ethyl cyanide at -45 degrees C. The ICT state of FPP has a dipole moment mu(e)(ICT) of 13 D, much larger than that of the locally excited state LE (1 D) [6].

High impact information on propanenitrile

• In summary, the duodenal ulcerogens cysteamine and propionitrile rapidly induce motor abnormalities in the stomach and duodenum of the rat [7].
• Effects of subulcerogenic doses of cysteamine (100 mg/kg s.c.) and propionitrile (5 mg/kg) on alkaline secretion by duodenal surface epithelium and pH at the surface of this mucosa were assessed in duodenum of anesthetized rats [8].
• Duodenal ulcerogens, cysteamine and propionitrile, stimulate serum gastrin levels in the rat [1].
• Gastric emptying in the rat is inhibited by the duodenal ulcerogens, cysteamine and propionitrile [9].
• Rates of hydrogen-transfer reactions from a series of para-substituted N,N-dimethylanilines to cumylperoxyl radical and oxygen-transfer reactions from cumylperoxyl radical to a series of sulfides and phosphines have been determined in propionitrile (EtCN) and pentane at low temperatures by use of ESR [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of propanenitrile

• Dose- and time-response studies have been performed with dopamine agonists and antagonists using the cysteamine and propionitrile duodenal ulcer models in the rat [4].
• Intraperitoneal injection of acrylonitrile at 1.51-2.26 mmole/kg (80-120 mg/kg) or propionitrile at 0.54-1.51 mmole/kg (30-83 mg/kg) on the morning of Day 8 of gestation in the hamster induced exencephaly, encephalocoeles, and rib fusions and bifurcations in the offspring [11].
• Duodenal ulcer could be induced in rats by a single subcutaneous injection of the anti-inflammatory agent mepirizole (M) or by the alkyl chemical propionitrile (P) [12].

Biological context of propanenitrile

• The kinetics of hydrogen transfer from catechins to cumylperoxyl radical has been examined in propionitrile at low temperature with use of ESR, showing that the rate of hydrogen transfer from P1H(2) is significantly faster than that from 1H(2) [13].
• Propionitrile, a polar aprotic solvent, induced only mitotic chromosome gain; a reliable response was only achieved by overnight incubation of treated cultures at 0 degrees C. MBC is postulated to act by binding directly to tubulin [14].
• The requirement for low-temperature incubation suggests that propionitrile also induces aneuploidy by perturbation of microtubular dynamics [14].
• The toxicokinetics, covalent binding and metabolism of propionitrile (PCN) was investigated in female Sprague-Dawley rats [15].
• The effects on embryonic development of a series of eight saturated (acetonitrile, propionitrile, and n-butyronitrile) and unsaturated (acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, allylnitrile, cis-2-pentenenitrile, and 2-chloroacrylonitrile) nitriles were compared in vitro using the whole embryo culture system [16].

Anatomical context of propanenitrile

• Ultrastructural lesions appeared in the absorptive epithelial cells of the proximal duodenum within 5 hours following a single dose of propionitrile [17].
• Structure-activity studies have shown that a close derivative, propionitrile (ethyl cyanide), causes duodenal ulcer without markedly affecting the adrenal glands [18].
• Virtually all exceptional offspring induced by acetonitrile and propionitrile were recovered in the first sampled eggs, corresponding to treated mature oocytes [19].
• Cysteamine and propionitrile, experimental duodenal ulcerogens, stimulated gastric acid secretion in the rat [20].

Associations of propanenitrile with other chemical compounds

• Photolysis of azine 9 yields acetonitrile and propionitrile [21].
• Gas-phase complex ions containing the vanadyl (VO(2+)), vanadyl hydroxide (VOOH(+)), or vanadium(V) dioxo (VO(2)(+)) cation and nitrile (acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, or benzonitrile) ligands were generated by electrospray ionization (ESI) for study by multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry [22].
• To test the potentiating effects of propionitrile or mixtures of propionitrile with ethyl acetate on other chemicals, they were used in concentrations that were at or below the level for induction of chromosome loss [23].
• Acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, 4-acetylpyridine, propionitrile and nocodazole were identified as potent inducers of mitotic chromosome loss [24].
• The use of propionitrile as a mobile phase for the HPLC analysis of the triacylglycerols led to better resolutions between triacylglycerols than those resolutions obtained with the mix of solvents recommended by the normalized method (acetone/acetonitrile) [25].

Gene context of propanenitrile

• Propionitrile was a less effective stimulant of gastrin release, causing a 1.5- to 2-fold increase in gastrin levels over matched control rats [1].
• From ICT and LE fluorescence decays of PP measured as a function of temperature, the forward (Ea = 9 kJ/mol in ethyl cyanide (EtCN) and 6 kJ/mol in MeCN) and backward (Ed = 16 kJ/mol in EtCN and MeCN) ICT reaction barriers are determined [26].
• Nocardia globerula NHB-2 cultivated on nutrient broth containing propionitrile exhibited nitrilase activity that hydrolyzed aromatic nitrile and unsaturated aliphatic nitrile [27].
• Pathogenesis of duodenal ulceration produced by cysteamine or propionitrile: influence of vagotomy, sympathectomy, histamine depletion, H-2 receptor antagonists and hormones [28].
• Upper limits for the ethyl-cyanide abundances in TMC-1 and L134N: chemical implications [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of propanenitrile

• Acute duodenal ulcer produced by subcutaneous injection of propionitrile in rats was studied by stereo, light, and electron microscopy in order to gain insight into the localization and mechanism of initial cell injury [17].
• Propionitrile: whole body autoradiography, conventional toxicokinetic and metabolism studies in rats [15].
• Hepatic and blood cyanide levels 1 h after treatment were highest following malononitrile (MCN) and decreased in the order of propionitrile (PCN) greater than KCN greater than butyronitrile greater than acrylonitrile (VCN) greater than allylcyanide greater than greater than fumaronitrile greater than acetonitrile [30].

References