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Chemical Compound Review

Acetonitril     ethanenitrile

Synonyms: acetnitrile, ACETONITRILE, Cyanomethane, MeCN, Methylkyanid, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of ethanenitrile

  • The infectivity retention of phagemid pG8H6 in 99% acetonitrile and the relatively high general solvent resistance of the phage strains studied here open up the possibility of employing phage display in non-aqueous media [1].
  • Results at 1 week showed gross toxicity of the 35% acetonitrile solvent which was markedly enhanced by 3 nmol of beta protein but not by reverse sequence peptide [2].
  • The dissociation of dimeric reverse transcriptase (RT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 has been investigated using acetonitrile as a dissociating agent [3].
  • After tissue homogenization or hemolysis of the red blood cells, the samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile and injected filling about 13% of the capillary volume [4].
  • Mild and reversible dehydration of primary amides with PdCl2 in aqueous acetonitrile [5].
 

Psychiatry related information on ethanenitrile

  • Acetonitrile, stannic chloride, 50 degrees C, and a reaction time higher than 48 h are the optimum conditions for such condensation reactions [6].
  • The principal factors influencing the separation (acetonitrile and SHS concentration) have been considered for the optimization of the elution gradient through factorial design and multicriteria decision-making [7].
  • Type I showing two negative Cotton effects at around 220 nm and 200 nm (Ib, Fig. 3), type II showing a positive band around 220 nm and a strong negative one below 190 nm (e.g. Ic in acetonitrile, Fig. 4), and type III showing a strong negative band in the 205 nm region (e.g. mental complexes of Id, Fig. 6) [8].
 

High impact information on ethanenitrile

  • The GH-releasing activity was further purified by high pressure liquid chromatography using an acetonitrile gradient on a cyanopropyl column to yield a preparation that was active at 40 ng protein/ml [9].
  • On reversed-phase h.p.l.c., growth factor activity for endothelial cells was eluted at the same concentration of acetonitrile as found for bovine brain-ECGF, also a potent mitogen for endothelial cells [10].
  • The secondary structure of a 55-residue fragment of the mouse prion protein, MoPrP(89-143), was studied in randomly aggregated (dried from water) and fibrillar (precipitated from water/acetonitrile) forms by (13)C solid-state NMR [11].
  • However, the locations of bound solvent molecules in the active site of the acyl- and free enzyme forms in acetonitrile and in water are distinct [12].
  • In addition, their enzyme portions are nearly indistinguishable from previously determined structures of the free enzyme in acetonitrile and in water; thus, acylation in either aqueous or nonaqueous solvent causes no appreciable conformational changes [12].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of ethanenitrile

  • [Chemical reaction: see text] HOF.CH3CN, a very efficient oxygen-transfer agent made readily from fluorine and aqueous acetonitrile, was reacted with various quinoxaline derivatives to give the corresponding mono N-oxides and especially the N,N'-dioxides in very good yields under mild conditions and short reaction times [13].
  • Solubilization of the iron molybdenum cofactor of Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase in dimethylformamide and acetonitrile [14].
  • The fatty acid specificity of Chromobacterium viscosum lipase was studied by comparing the pseudo-first-order rate constants for the transesterification of different fatty acid methyl esters with 1-propanol in dry acetonitrile as solvent [15].
  • Complete conversion of 10 mM methionine to SAM was achieved in incubations with either the recombinant yeast enzyme and 1 molar potassium ion or the E. coli enzyme in the presence of additives such as beta ME, acetonitrile, urea, or pTsONa [16].
  • A bacterium capable of utilizing either acetonitrile as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen or biphenyl as the sole source of carbon was isolated from soil and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa [17].
 

Biological context of ethanenitrile

  • Digestion of phosphorylated synapsin I with trypsin followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) phosphopeptide analysis indicated that the tryptic peptide containing the major phosphorylation site eluted as a single peak at approximately 17% acetonitrile [18].
  • In the presence of water, hydrolysis of the coordinated acetonitrile fragment of 7(2+) results in the acetamido complex [(Me(3)tpa)Ir(III)(NHC(O)CH(3)))(TEMPOH)](2+) (8(2+)) [19].
  • Incomplete removal of acetonitrile during the deblock step may slow the kinetics enough to result in incomplete detritylation of the oligonucleotide [20].
  • Density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G* level on the dimerization reactions of acetonitrile oxide and para-chlorobenzonitrile oxide to form furoxans indicate that these processes are stepwise involving dinitrosoalkene intermediates that have considerable diradical character [21].
  • The molecular structure and dynamics of the photoexcited metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer (MLCT) state of [Cu(I)(dmp)(2)](+), where dmp is 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, in acetonitrile have been investigated by time-domain pump-probe X-ray absorption spectroscopy, femtosecond optical transient spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) [22].
 

Anatomical context of ethanenitrile

 

Associations of ethanenitrile with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of ethanenitrile

  • Fractional elution with acetonitrile (MeCN) of the adsorbed silica released approximately 70 to 80% of the 125I-labeled mEGF and 125I-labeled hEGF between 25 and 30% MeCN, and over 80% of the 125I-labeled rTGF-alpha between 15 and 25% MeCN, with retention after dialysis of less than 0.2 and 1.7% of the original urinary protein, respectively [33].
  • In addition, resolution of the exhaustively digested IACI-photolabeled MRP by HPLC showed two major and one minor radiolabeled peaks that eluted late in the gradient (60 to 72% acetonitrile) [34].
  • Acetonitrile also increased CYP2C9 activity by 10 to 15% above control values at 1 to 3% solvent [35].
  • Effect of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetonitrile on in vitro activities of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P-450 [35].
  • In the current study, IGF-II affinity purification of IGFBPs produced by PC-3 cells, followed by C8 HPLC reverse-phase chromatography using a shallow acetonitrile gradient, produced two major protein peaks [36].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ethanenitrile

  • 1. It eluted at 10% acetonitrile after reverse-phase HPLC [37].
  • Evidence for anion binding was obtained from UV-vis spectroscopic titrations carried out in acetonitrile [38].
  • Reaction of a bis(mu-hydroxo)dicopper(II) complex, [Cu2(L3)2(OH)2]2+ (1), with H2O2 in acetonitrile at -40 degrees C generated a (mu-1,1-hydroperoxo)dicopper(II) complex [Cu2(L3)2(OOH)(OH)]2+ (2), which was characterized by various physicochemical measurements including X-ray crystallography [39].
  • Angiotensin peptides were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a phenyl silica gel column with an eluent consisting of 20% acetonitrile in 0.1 M ammonium phosphate buffer, pH 4.9, and quantitated by radioimmunoassay [40].
  • Specifically, the copolymerization of chloromethylstyrene and divinylbenzene-55 in acetonitrile, at temperatures ramping between 65 and 75 degrees C, led to monodisperse, cross-linked microspheres of about 10 mum diameter that have radial density profiles closely reflecting the thermal profiles used [41].

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