Disease relevance of Jheh1

• Survival under heat stress is dramatically decreased in ap56f females, but not males. ap56f flies show a stress reaction, as judged by changes in tyrosine decarboxylase and JH-hydrolysing activities, dopamine levels and fertility, but its intensity in the mutant females, but not males, differs significantly from wild-type [1].
• Purified N-terminal 6xHis-tagged recombinant BmJHAMT protein expressed in Escherichia coli catalyzed conversion of farnesoic acid and JH acids I, II, and III to their cognate methyl esters in the presence of SAM, confirming that this cDNA encodes a functional JHAMT [2].
• Finally, feeding males with fluvastatin, a juvenile hormone (JH) inhibitor, also led to start/stop feminization, and this effect is reversible by the simultaneous application of methoprene, a JH analog, suggesting the existence of a neuroendocrine control, by JH, of such behavioral dimorphism [3].
• Homozygous chico(1) females exhibit approximately wild-type rates of JH biosynthesis, ovarian release of ecdysteroids and haemolymph ecdysteroid levels, suggesting that these two major hormone systems play no role in producing the sterility [4].
• However, female sterility of an insulin/IGF-like signaling mutant (chico(1)) of D. melanogaster is not mediated by downstream systemic signaling in terms of major alterations in JH or ecdysteroid levels. chico(1) is a null mutation in the insulin substrate protein (CHICO) gene of D. melanogaster [4].

Psychiatry related information on Jheh1

• In turn, JH levels have been correlated with sex-specific differences in locomotor activity [5].

High impact information on Jheh1

• Juvenile hormone (JH) acid methyltransferase (JHAMT) is an enzyme that converts JH acids or inactive precursors of JHs to active JHs at the final step of JH biosynthesis pathway in insects [2].
• Correlation of the BmJHAMT gene expression and the JH biosynthetic activity in the CA suggests that the transcriptional suppression of the BmJHAMT gene is crucial for the termination of JH biosynthesis in the CA, which is a prerequisite for the initiation of metamorphosis [2].
• Highly active glands of 4-day-old mated females, exposed to 3 microM NMDA, produced 70% more juvenile hormone (JH) in vitro, but the relatively inactive glands of 8-day-old mated females showed little response to the agonist [6].
• Our results suggest that the NMDAR has a role in regulating JH synthesis and that ionotropic-subtype glutamate receptors became specialized early in animal evolution [6].
• Previous results have demonstrated a mechanism of resistance involving an intracellular JH binding protein that has reduced ligand affinity in Met flies [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Jheh1

• Our results indicate that first, insulin controls trehalosemia in adults, and second, like JH, it controls sex-specific differences in the locomotor activity of adult Drosophila in a manner independent of its effect on trehalose metabolism [5].

Biological context of Jheh1

• To study the mechanism of action of these two hormones in the regulation of expression of this gene, we cloned the 1270-bp promoter region of the Cfjhe gene and identified a 30-bp region that is located between -604 and -574 and is sufficient to support both JH I induction and 20E suppression [8].
• Adult corpora allata from the mutants ap4 and ap56f synthesize very low levels of JH; additionally, brains of ap56f homozygotes lack allatostatic activity [9].
• In Drosophila melanogaster L57 cells, the JHRE-regulated reporter gene was induced by JH I, JH III, methoprene, and hydroprene [10].
• These data suggest that protein kinase C mediated phosphorylation prevents binding of nuclear proteins to juvenile hormone responsive promoters resulting in suppression of JH action [10].
• We studied the molecular basis of JH action using a JH response element (JHRE) identified in the promoter region of JH esterase gene cloned from Choristoneura fumiferana, which is responsive to JH and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) [10].

Anatomical context of Jheh1

• JH production by glands of wild-type females increases in parallel with the progress of ovarian maturation, the major product of the adult corpus allatum being juvenile hormone 3 bis-epoxide (JHB3) [9].
• A novel gene, moling, was cloned from epidermal RNA of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, using PCR-based suppression subtractive hybridization. moling belongs to a gene family that includes several lepidopteran hemolymph juvenile hormone (JH) binding proteins and takeout of Drosophila melanogaster [11].
• The same or similar JH-binding protein was found in larval fat body and cuticle of third instar larvae and in male accessory glands and heads of newly eclosed adults [12].
• Male accessory gland cytosol from wild-type flies was found to contain a single binder with a dissociation constant (KD) of 6.7 nM for JH III; a binder in similar preparations from the methoprene-tolerant (Met) mutant had a KD value 6-fold higher [12].
• The role of JH in the accumulation of mature oocytes and the delay of oviposition under stress are discussed [13].

Associations of Jheh1 with chemical compounds

• JH treatment of ap56f and wild-type females decreases their dopamine levels. ap56f females, but not males, produce less progeny [1].
• Juvenile hormone (JH) is a major regulator of insect development and reproduction and its titer is determined largely by central nervous system regulation of JH synthesis by the corpora allata [9].
• Tyrosine decarboxylase activity in males and females of the LA line was sharply reduced as compared with those of the HA and control Canton-S lines; JH-esterase and JH-epoxide hydrolase activities were decreased in females, and not in males, of the LA line [14].
• The JH III and JHB3 precursor, methyl farnesoate, did not affect ecdysteroid production [15].
• For Kc cells, calcium phosphate was ineffective for transfection, and after transfection with polybrene neither pYP1CAT nor pVgCAT was induced by the juvenile hormone (JH) analog methoprene [16].

Other interactions of Jheh1

• Differences in the course of changes in the JHE activity level between adults of lines 101 and 147 of D. virilis were found, and also in the JHEH activity level between adults of lines Canton S and 921283 of D. melanogaster [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Jheh1

• A JH-like molecule is secreted that comigrates with a synthetic sample of methyl 6,7;10,11-bisepoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-(2E)-dodecenoate (JHB3) during TLC, liquid chromatography, and GC analysis [18].
• The molecular cloning of Met will be a step toward understanding this gene and possibly identifying a preadult role(s) for JH [19].

References