Disease relevance of SSAV1

• Assignment of the human endogenous retrovirus S71 (SSAV1) to chromosome 18 band q12.3 by radiation hybrid mapping [1].
• A new PAB related sequence was found immediately adjacent to the S71 provirus on human chromosome 18q21.1-2 (officially designated the SSAV1 locus) [2].
• The major viral phosphoproteins (p12) of the Rauscher murine leukemia virus (R-MuLV) and the simian sarcoma-associated virus (SSAV) bind in vitro to their homologous 70S and 35S viral RNAs [3].
• The tumors and transformed foci were indistinguishable morphologically from those induced by simian sarcoma virus, type 1 (SSV-1/SSAV-1) [4].
• HL-23V was indistinguishable from SSV-1/SSAV-1 by immunofluorescence and neutralization tests, and the nontransforming virus associated with HL-23V completely inhibited SSV-1 focus induction in interference tests [4].

High impact information on SSAV1

• Cell cultures established from a marmoset fibroma produced transforming and nontransforming virus biologically and antigenically indistinguishable from HL-23V and SSV-1/SSAV-1 [4].
• Comparative sequence analysis of SSV and SSAV showed that SSAV provides regulatory sequences for initiation and termination of transcription of the SSV transforming gene [5].
• Moreover, coding sequences for the putative protein product of this gene appear to initiate from the amino terminus of the SSAV env gene [5].
• A 675-nucleotide-long open reading frame commenced 19 nucleotides within the SSAV sequences to the left of the v-sis helper viral junction and terminated within v-sis itself [6].
• The cloned 9-kilobase SSAV genome (B11) has the same restriction map as the bulk of the unintegrated linear SSAV DNA intermediate [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of SSAV1

• Studies with protease inhibitors suggest that the SSAV enzyme is a serine-type protease like that of other mammalian retroviruses and unlike the protease of avian viruses [8].
• Isolation of the major glycoprotein (gp 70) of simian sarcoma virus (SSV-1/SSAV-1) in preparative quantities [9].

Biological context of SSAV1

• In all cases of allelic loss the DCC locus or its proximal vicinity (locus SSAV1) were involved [10].
• The 1.9-kilobase deletion mapped at 3.5-5.5 kilobases of the linear SSAV genome, corresponding to most, if not all, of the pol gene [7].
• Such transformants possessed typical SSV morphology, expressed simian sarcoma associated virus (SSAV) gag gene products in the absence of virus release, and released SSV after superinfection with a type C helper virus [11].
• Superinfection of these cell lines with simian sarcoma-associated virus (SSAV) led in three instances to the recovery of transforming virus particles carrying an intact fms gene [12].
• Six other clones of the smaller molecules represented the following variants of the SSAV genome: (i) two clones of the entire genome containing only one long terminal repeat unit; (ii) one clone with the 1.85-kb deletion of the pol gene observed in SSSV; and (iii) three clones having a deletion of the 3' end of the SSAV genome [13].

Anatomical context of SSAV1

• This study reports the immunohistologic detection of SSAV/GaLV type C retrovirus p30-related antigen in unfixed cryostat sections of normal human term placentas by the indirect immunofluorescence method [14].
• A nonconditional transformation-defective virus, designated td26-SM-FeSV (SSAV), was isolated from one of the cell lines [12].
• Most of these sequences have been found to be related to primate and murine C-type viruses (BaEV, SSAV/GaLV, MuLV), murine B-type viruses and A-type particles (MMTV, IAP), or human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) [15].
• Like SSAV and GALV, HEL-12 virus induced syncytia with XC cells [16].
• Fibroblast cell lines infected in vitro with different strains of gibbon ape leukaemia virus or the related woolly monkey virus (SSAV) synthesized two RNA species of approximately 8.4 kb and 2.9 kb [17].

Associations of SSAV1 with chemical compounds

• Cells infected with td26-SM-FeSV (SSAV) synthesized a gag-fms fusion glycoprotein (gp180gag-fms) [12].

Other interactions of SSAV1

• One molecular clone, termed S71, contains sequences related to the genes coding for the group-specific antigens (gag) and polymerase (pol) proteins of SSAV [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SSAV1

• Heteroduplex analysis between an SSV clone (lambda-C60) and an SSAV clone (lambda-B11) showed two substitution loops and one deletion loop [7].
• As shown by immunoblotting analysis, the main reactive antigen recognized by anti-BAST was a non-glycosylated 32-kDa placental protein which was antigenically related to SSAV p30 [19].
• Western blot analysis of the bone marrow plasma of both patients with ALL-HMV showed an increase of cross-reactive IgG to the envelope gp70 and IgM against the core p30 proteins of the baboon endogenous virus (BaEV) and simian sarcoma-associated virus (SSAV) [20].
• The RNA virus-based transfection system requires electroporation of in vitro transcribed RNA into GLV-infected trophozoites [21].
• Antibodies cross-reactive with type C viral p30 were concentrated from 105 samples of human plasma by affinity chromatography using Sepharose beads to which disrupted Simian sarcoma associated virus (SSAV) had been coupled [22].

References