Disease relevance of Neck Muscles

• The present studies were designed to assess the pattern of activity and the frequency of activation of the neck muscles in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1].
• 1. Using floating electrodes, we recorded from neck-muscle spindle afferents in the C2 dorsal root ganglion of the decerebrate cat [2].
• A tonic shortening reaction characteristic of dystonia and an increased tonic stretch reflex (rigidity) were present in the neck muscles of patients with progressive supranuclear palsy, whereas only normal to moderately increased tonus was noted in the truncal muscles (neck v trunk, shortening reaction p=0.0001; stretch reflex p=0.0241) [3].
• Melatonin-treated bucks exhibited a marked advancement of neck muscle hypertrophy during the treatment period and displayed normal rutting activity (e.g. vocalization) in response to early oestrus in the treated does [4].
• We treated 43 patients who had head tremor as the major complaint with local botulinum toxin type A (Btx A) injections into neck muscles: 29 patients were classified as suffering from tremulous cervical dystonia (TCD), and 14 had head tremor without dystonia (HT) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Neck Muscles

• AIMS: To document and compare the intensity, localization, and quality of pain evoked by glutamate injections into the human masseter or splenius muscles and to determine the effect of glutamate-evoked pain on the pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in both jaw and neck muscles [6].
• CONCLUSION: Proprioception in the eye and neck muscles participates in visual space localization, but the effects of proprioceptive activation were differed in normal subjects from those in patients having constant strabismus [7].

High impact information on Neck Muscles

• Decrease of contralateral neglect by neck muscle vibration and spatial orientation of trunk midline [8].
• METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized study we recorded the EMG activities of 420 neck muscles in 42 patients with CD before and after treatment with BTA or trihexyphenidyl [9].
• The PPTs were measured bilaterally in the trapezius muscles (local pain area) and posterolateral neck muscles (referred pain area) after glutamate injection in healthy and age-matched males and females (each n=14) [10].
• We did not detect signs of involvement of hand or finger extensors and neck muscles, seen in the original family with MPD1 [11].
• Medullary stimulation-induced suppression of neck muscle tone was blocked after pontine lidocaine microinjection [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Neck Muscles

• In the present study, responses were recorded from the splanchnic (sympathetic), hypoglossal (inspiratory) and abdominal (expiratory) nerves during stimulation of the C2 dorsal root ganglion or C2 or C3 nerve branches innervating dorsal neck muscles [13].
• Infiltration of lidocaine deep in the neck muscles in the vicinity of the C2 root did not alleviate headache, but caused vertigo [14].

Biological context of Neck Muscles

• EEG, end-tidal CO2, neck muscle EMG, eye movements, and ECG were recorded in 17 children undergoing enflurane anesthesia combined with N2O and O2 [15].

Anatomical context of Neck Muscles

• Increased intramuscular concentration of bradykinin increases the static fusimotor drive to muscle spindles in neck muscles of the cat [16].
• The degree of medullary-induced neck muscle tone suppression in the decerebrate cat was assessed before and after microinjection of lidocaine into the pontine reticular formation [12].
• Carbon-14 leucine disappeared rapidly from plasma following intravenous injection and there was relatively selective uptake of the [14C]leucine and [14C]arginine by the parathyroid glands when compared with uptake by the thyroid gland and neck muscle [17].
• Motor neurons supplying rat dorsal neck muscles are restricted to the ventral third of the ipsilateral ventral horn from lower medulla to C4 [18].
• The motor neurons innervating the neck muscles were stained in crickets and locusts with cobalt chloride introduced via the nerve endings in the muscle [19].

Associations of Neck Muscles with chemical compounds

• Trapezius motoneurons at the same segmental level, regardless of which head of the trapezius muscle they innervated, have similar dendritic trees whose structure differs from those of neighbouring dorsal neck muscle motoneurons in C2, C3, and C4 [20].
• Electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded from flexor and extensor muscles of the fore- and hindlimbs as well as from back and neck muscles [21].
• However, even though the animal behaviorally began to reemerge from the anesthetic state after this 5-10-min period, neck muscle (neck motoneuron) activity recovered more slowly and remained significantly suppressed for up to 23 min after thiopental administration [22].
• Motoneurons that were labelled retrogradely from rhomboideus nerve bundles formed a single, long column in the ventral horn from C4 to C6, lateral to previously studied motor nuclei supplying deep neck muscles [23].
• Isotonic saline injection into the neck muscle (n = 11) or hypertonic saline injection into a hindpaw muscle (n = 10) did neither change the reflex integral nor the threshold [24].

Gene context of Neck Muscles

• Moreover, neck muscle projections to the cuneate nucleus were, in part, coincident with those previously demonstrated for the extraocular muscles (Porter: J. Comp. Neurol. 247:133-143, '86) [25].
• The neuronal activation pattern following local nerve growth factor (NGF) administration into semispinal neck muscles in anaesthetized mice was investigated using Fos protein immunohistochemistry [26].
• The distribution of weakness more commonly involved neck muscles in MuSK antibody-positive patients, and limb muscles in MuSK antibody-negative patients [27].
• Cho/Cr ratios for NPC lesions were higher than those for normal neck muscles, for which values ranged from 0 to 0.97 and 0 to 1.1 at TE 136 and 272, respectively [28].
• The patient had rhythmic contractions not only of tensor veli palatini but also of facial, lingual, temporalis, pharyngeal, and neck muscles [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Neck Muscles

• Animals implanted with cerebrocortical and dorsal neck muscle electrodes were continuously monitored by the EEG for 12 hr after i.p. injections of dl-fenfluramine hydrochloride (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg) [30].
• After intramuscular injection of isotonic saline into the right semispinal neck muscle (20 microl), the JOR remained unchanged (n = 10) [31].
• RESULTS: Intravenous administration of 15 mg/kg, but not 5 mg/kg, of thiopental to awake cats induced general anesthesia that was characterized by 5-10 min of cortical synchronization, reflected as large-amplitude slow-wave events and neck muscle atonia [22].
• Although individual dose titration and muscle selection is desirable, this study demonstrated that a dose of 500 units of Dysport injected into clinically identified neck muscles without electromyographic guidance is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with the major clinical types of cervical dystonia [32].
• Empirical demonstration of amelioration of CTS symptoms by means of surface electromyography (sEMG) retraining of dysfunctional neck muscle patterns is reviewed as support for the hypothesized link [33].

References