Disease relevance of Colubridae

• Antioxidant defenses in the tolerance of freezing and anoxia by garter snakes [1].
• Following the initial hypertrophy at maturity, the male Northern Water Snake maintains a level of RSS hypertrophy throughout the year [2].

High impact information on Colubridae

• The female sex attractiveness pheromone of the Canadian red-sided garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis, consists of a novel series of nonvolatile saturated and monounsaturated long-chain methyl ketones, whereas the male sex recognition pheromone contains squalene [3].
• Male Thamnophis melanogaster court immediately when exposed to estrogen-treated, attractive females and continue courting for 6 to 8 days [4].
• Here it is shown that in the adult red-sided garter snake, the seasonal androgen peak in the summer has a delayed action (8 months) on the male's readiness to court the next spring following emergence from hibernation [5].
• The concentration-dependent actions of neostigmine, a carbamate anticholinesterase agent, were studied on the acetylcholine receptor channel complex in voltage-clamped twitch fibers of costocutaneous muscles of garter snakes [6].
• A proteinaceous chemoattractant for garter snakes has been isolated and purified to homogeneity from such secretions by means of permeation chromatography and semipreparative nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [7].

Biological context of Colubridae

• Effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha on sexual behavior and ovarian function in female garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) [8].
• We investigated possible interactions between melatonin and corticosterone in modulating the reproductive behavior of male red-sided garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) following spring emergence [9].
• Metabolic effects of testosterone in the chequered water-snake, Natrix piscator [10].
• We have successfully cloned a 5200-nucleotide cDNA from VNO of garter snakes containing an open reading frame++ encoding 1150 amino acids of AC-VI protein [11].
• Effects of progesterone and estrogen on the histology of the oviduct of the garter snake, Thamnophis elegans [12].

Anatomical context of Colubridae

• 1. Synaptic responses to acetylcholine were recorded from garter snake (sp. Thamnophis) neuromuscular junctions with the voltage clamp [13].
• Thick caliber projections from brainstem to cerebral cortex in the snakes Thamnophis sirtalis and Natrix sipedon [14].
• Thyroid function in adrenaline-induced changes in the intermediary metabolism of the chequered water-snake (Natrix piscator) [15].
• In situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled cRNA demonstrated that AC(VN) mRNA was abundant in the sensory epithelium but not in the nonsensory epithelium of the mushroom body of the vomeronasal organ of garter snakes [11].
• Molecular cloning and characterization of protein phosphatase 2C of vomeronasal sensory epithelium of garter snakes [16].

Associations of Colubridae with chemical compounds

• Trans-seasonal action of androgen in the control of spring courtship behavior in male red-sided garter snakes [5].
• Prothrombin-activator (thromboplastin) generation in the blood of water snake (Natrix piscator) [17].
• 1. The effects of 1 mM lanthanum on miniature endplate current (MEPC) frequency, amplitude, and decay time course were studied in voltage-clamped twitch and tonic muscle fibres in the garter snake, Thamnophis [18].
• The effects of the antiarrhythmic agent disopyramide was studied on responses from voltage-clamped endplates at the neuromuscular junction of the garter snake [19].
• The effects of two aminoglycoside antibiotics, streptomycin and neomycin, were studied in voltage-clamped transected twitch fibers of the costocutaneous muscles of garter snakes (species Thamnophis) [20].

Gene context of Colubridae

• Pulmonary carbonic anhydrase in the garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis [21].
• In the present study, we have characterized the olfactostriatum of garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) on the basis of chemoarchitecture (distribution of serotonin, neuropeptide Y and tyrosine hydroxylase) and hodology (afferent connections) [22].
• Metabolic capacity and myosin expression in single muscle fibres of the garter snake [23].
• A 250-bp fragment of adenylate cyclase type VI (AC-VI) was obtained from brain cDNA of garter snake by RT-PCR with degenerate primers [11].
• The roles of the main (MOS) and accessory (AOS) olfactory systems of garter snakes in response to airborne chemicals were investigated [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Colubridae

• Single-channel currents from acetylcholine receptor channels of garter snake neuromuscular junctions were recorded using the patch-clamp technique [25].
• Effects of castration and androgen replacement on male courtship behavior in the red-sided garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) [26].
• Effect of thyroidectomy, i-thyroxine and temperature on hemopoiesis in the chequered water snake, Natrix piscator [27].
• Effect of parathyroidectomy in the water snake, Natrix piscator [28].
• Effects of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement on attractivity and receptivity in the red-sided garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) [29].

References