Disease relevance of Parathyroidectomy

• Further, if hypercalcaemia develops in such patients it is important that aluminium toxicity be excluded as the cause to prevent unnecessary parathyroidectomy [1].
• The gastrin-induced hypocalcemia persisted after thyroparathyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy [2].
• The autonomous hyperparathyroidism of end-stage renal disease is corrected by subtotal parathyroidectomy, and the effect is sustained [3].
• Despite therapy with saline diuresis, furosemide mithramycin, total parathyroidectomy and corticosteroids, symptomatic hypercalcemia was poorly controlled [4].
• Radioguided parathyroidectomy for recurrent hyperparathyroidism caused by forearm graft hyperplasia [5].

Psychiatry related information on Parathyroidectomy

• The indications for surgical exploration in the "asymptomatic" patient with primary hyperparathyroidism (1 degrees HPTH) have changed since the 1990 National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference. This seems to be, at least in part, caused by the introduction of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) techniques [6].

High impact information on Parathyroidectomy

• Patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism who may be candidates for parathyroidectomy should be evaluated for aluminum excess before surgery, so that treatment with aluminum chelation may be considered [7].
• This hypothesis was supported by the findings that the attenuated PTH-sensitive Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity, cAMP formation, and adenylate cyclase activity in cells from old rats could be reversed by parathyroidectomy [8].
• After parathyroidectomy, sBGP slowly returned to normal values within 2-6 mo, suggesting that sBGP reflects increased bone turnover rather than a direct effect of parathyroid hormone on BGP synthesis at the cell level [9].
• To disclose a parathyroid-independent calcium modulation of phosphate transport along the nephron, the effect of increasing plasma calcium concentration to subnormal levels in rats 6 days after parathyroidectomy (chronic PTX) was studied [10].
• Parathyroidectomy per se increased apical membrane NHE-3 activity and antigen [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Parathyroidectomy

• Thus, a combined therapeutic approach to PTH oversecretion and anemia is possible by intravenous calcitriol or parathyroidectomy pointing to the possible reversibility of bone marrow fibrosis, which is a common feature of secondary hyperparathyroidism [12].
• After parathyroidectomy, the glucose metabolic rate improved by 47%; plasma insulin concentrations during hyperglycemia increased by 37%, and insulin sensitivity did not change significantly [13].
• Choline uptake and release were elevated in renal failure and these abnormalities were not corrected by parathyroidectomy or verapamil therapy [14].
• Eleven of the 18 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy within 1 mo after tetrofosmin imaging had hyperplastic glands, while 7 had parathyroid adenomas [15].
• Rats with chronic renal failure display reduced pressor response to NE administration, but this derangement can be prevented by prior parathyroidectomy and abolished by administration of indomethacin [16].

Biological context of Parathyroidectomy

• Indirect evidence of the role of PTH is based on the observation that parathyroidectomy, when performed in uremic patients, is often followed by restoration of the hematocrit [12].
• Increased bone mineral density after parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism [17].
• Blood pressure of the controls did not differ from the nimodipine-treated and parathyroidectomy animals [18].
• Metabolic effects of parathyroidectomy in asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism [19].
• CONCLUSIONS: Impaired endothelium dependent vasodilation in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism improves after successful parathyroidectomy [20].

Anatomical context of Parathyroidectomy

• OBJECTIVE: To determine the utility of radioguided parathyroidectomy for patients with hyperparathyroidism, we studied the properties of 180 resected, hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands [21].
• METHODS: Over a 3-year period, 202 consecutive patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism at a tertiary referral center were prospectively given a questionnaire regarding their symptoms and associated conditions during their initial and follow-up office visits as were 63 thyroid control patients [22].
• The results show that: 1) CRF impairs insulin release from pancreatic islets; 2) this abnormality is reversed by prior parathyroidectomy; and 3) hyperparathyroidism induced by PTH-treatment in normal rats impairs insulin release from pancreatic islets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[23]
• Impaired flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism improves after parathyroidectomy [20].
• The parathyroidectomy of CRF rats prevented the rise in blood PTH levels and normalized [Ca2+]i of cardiac myocytes and returned the mRNA of their PTH-PTHrP receptor towards normal levels [24].

Associations of Parathyroidectomy with chemical compounds

• Parathyroidectomy ameliorates vascular lesions induced by deoxycorticosterone in the rat [25].
• Several factors have been implicated in the development of adynamic bone, including the use of calcium-containing phosphate binding agents, aggressive calcitriol therapy, and parathyroidectomy [26].
• Reducing the blood levels of PTH by parathyroidectomy or blocking the action of PTH on calcium entry into cells by verapamil prevents these derangements [27].
• The patient underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy for presumed hyperparathyroidism, but serum calcium and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol levels remained elevated following surgery [28].
• Intraoperative urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate as a guide to successful reoperative parathyroidectomy [29].

Gene context of Parathyroidectomy

• IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, and bFGF expression in bone biopsies before and after parathyroidectomy [30].
• Skeletal changes in osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappab ligand mRNA levels in primary hyperparathyroidism: effect of parathyroidectomy and association with bone metabolism [31].
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is treated with either subtotal parathyroidectomy or total parathyroidectomy with immediate heterotopic autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue [32].
• Parathyroid surgery in familial HPT syndromes in the setting of underlying mutations in the calcium receptor (CASR) gene involves radical subtotal parathyroidectomy [32].
• The serum levels of FGF-23 did not change after parathyroidectomy despite the normalization of serum calcium values [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Parathyroidectomy

• Although the therapeutic approach to managing hyperparathyroidism has changed dramatically, it is unknown whether parathyroidectomy rates continue to decline in the United States. Parathyroidectomy rates were studied in successive annual national cohorts, prevalent on hemodialysis on January 1 of 1992 to 2002, with Medicare as primary payer [34].
• Total parathyroidectomy with forearm autograft for secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure [35].
• Twenty-two out of 31 patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy before operation underwent non-invasive image diagnosis of parathyroid glands by computed tomography (CT), scintigraphy with 201TlCl and 99mTcO4+, and/or ultrasonography [36].
• This report documents the case of a renal transplant recipient with persistent hyperparathyroidism who developed a pathological fracture of the pelvis and required parathyroidectomy 1 year after transplant and then manifested severe and prolonged hungry bone syndrome lasting for more than 20 months postoperatively [37].
• In a retrospective study of 120 patients with surgically proved primary hyperparathyroidism, 71 patients who were normotensive and 49 patients (41 percent) who were either hypertensive at the time of parathyroidectomy or had a history of hypertension were compared [38].

References