Disease relevance of Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

• Copolymer 1 (Cop 1, Copaxone [Teva Marion Partners, Kansas City, Missouri, USA]), a random amino acid copolymer of tyrosine (Y), glutamic acid (E), alanine (A), and lysine (K), reduces the frequency of relapses by 30% in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients [1].
• Upregulation of interleukin-10 represents a possible mechanism of action of interferon-beta's therapeutic effect in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, and has implications for therapy of other autoimmune diseases [2].
• We found a significant decrease in leucocyte surface expression of most of the adhesion molecules tested and an increase in soluble ICAM-1 and L-selectin levels in secondary progressive and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis compared with primary progressive multiple sclerosis, which gave results similar to those in controls [3].
• PURPOSE: To investigate and characterize the global distribution of magnetization transfer (MT) ratio values of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and test the hypothesis that the MT histogram for NAWM reflects disease progression [4].
• Copolymer-1 (Cop-1) has been shown to inhibit in vivo development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in animals and has been reported to have some therapeutic benefit in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

• We studied the relationships between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) in 64 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) [6].

High impact information on Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

• BACKGROUND: The three interferon beta preparations approved for treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) differ in dose and frequency of administration [7].
• In an open, randomised study, 18 patients with clinically definite, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) received 1 microgram, 30 micrograms, or 1000 micrograms doses of recombinant gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), given by intravenous infusion twice a week for four weeks [8].
• In a double-blind controlled trial 43 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were treated either with anti-lymphocyte globulin, prednisolone, and azathioprine, or with placebo preparations [9].
• Copolymer 1 [Cop1, glatiramer acetate, Copaxone, poly(Y,E,A,K)n] is widely used in the treatment of relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis in which it reduces the frequency of relapses by approximately 30% [10].
• Based on these results, a larger, placebo-controlled trial of estriol is warranted in women with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

• Six patients with early, mild, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were studied with monthly gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scans for 8 to 11 months [12].
• Synergistic immunomodulatory effects of interferon-beta1b and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis [13].
• Tumor necrosis factor-alpha messenger RNA expression in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is associated with disease activity [14].
• As an established antiinflammatory drug with neuroprotective properties, minocycline may provide a novel therapeutic agent for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis [15].
• Low-dose oral steroid use at the onset of interferon beta-1b (IFNbeta-1b) therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) patients reduces flulike symptoms [16].

Biological context of Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

• Influence of apolipoprotein E epsilon4 genotype on brain tissue integrity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis [17].
• We analysed the distribution of IL-10 promoter haplotype combinations to determine whether they could influence initial IFN treatment response in 63 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) [18].
• The aim of the study was to measure sFas/APO 1 serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) during relapses, as an index of inhibition of apoptosis of activated lymphocytes in eight patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis, and 12 healthy controls [19].

Anatomical context of Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

• Migration rates of lymphocytes from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients receiving either glatiramer acetate (Copaxone 20 mg daily) or interferon-beta1b (Betaseron 8 MIU, three times per week) were significantly reduced compared with untreated relapsing-remitting patients [20].
• We previously reported the presence of anti-OSP Abs in the cerebrospinal fluid of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, but not control patient groups [21].
• Ob1A12 is a myelin basic protein (MBP)-reactive Th cell clone derived from a patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis [22].
• DESIGN: The TNF-alpha binding on T lymphocytes from patients with stable relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis was assayed before and 3 and 6 months after the start of treatment with interferon beta [23].
• Chemokine receptors associated with immunity within and outside the central nervous system in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis [24].

Gene context of Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

• In this open-label pharmacodynamic study design, peripheral blood was obtained from eight relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients just before and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, 120, and 168 h after i.m. injection of 30 micro g of IFN-beta-1a [25].
• MMP-9 was increased over controls in 100% of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis cases, with similar levels detected in relapses and clinically stable phases of disease [26].
• Second, PBL obtained from patients with relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis mount a proliferative response to human MOBP, especially at amino acids 21-39 [27].
• Increasing doses of PTX significantly reduced TNF-alpha and IL-12 mRNA expression of blood mononuclear cells, but increased IL-4 and IL-10 expression in eight patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis [28].
• In this study, gammadelta, CD4, and CD8 T cell receptor-positive (TCR+) cells were isolated from the blood of 26 definitive relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients prior to interferon beta-1a (IFNbeta1a) therapy and following 8-10 weeks of this therapy [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

• Randomised placebo-controlled trial of monthly intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Austrian Immunoglobulin in Multiple Sclerosis Study Group [30].
• Experimental therapy of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with copolymer-1 [31].
• In clinical trials, copolymer I (Cop 1) appears to reduce the number of exacerbations in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis [32].
• Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have suggested that functional cortical changes seen in patients with early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) can have an adaptive role to limit the clinical impact of tissue injury [33].
• The results of two phase III clinical trials have recently shown that interferon-beta (IFNbeta) is effective in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) [34].

References