Disease relevance of Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute

• The CBP gene was recently identified as a partner gene in the t(8;16) that occurs in acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AML-M4) de novo and rarely in treatment-related acute myeloid leukemia [1].
• Detection of minimal residual disease in acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal marrow eosinophils by nested polymerase chain reaction with allele specific amplification [2].
• In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute erythroleukemia (AEL), or acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL), the total number of cells which developed during this culture period exceeded the implanted value and also the values for normal peripheral blood cells from ten controls [3].
• Chromosomal findings are reported in three patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia and in one with reticulosarcoma leukemia who had been treated for multiple myeloma with melphalan and X-ray [4].
• Ultramicroscopic membrane vesicles were found in the plasma of 17 patients with certain types of leukemia (acute promyelocytic leukemia, acute monocytic leukemia, acute myelomonocytic leukemia, and chronic myelogenous leukemia) and in guinea pigs with the L2C leukemia [5].

High impact information on Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute

• Complete responses continued for 8, 9, and more than 11 months in three patients; the remaining patient developed acute myelomonocytic leukemia while in complete remission approximately 8 months after the start of IL-2 therapy [6].
• Human peripheral blood monocytes isolated from normal donors and patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML) were separated on a discontinuous density gradient of bovine serum albumin (BSA) into five fractions [7].
• The French-American-British subtype acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal eosinophils (FAB AML M4Eo) with pericentric inversion of chromosome 16 is cytomorphologically defined by a myelomonoblastic blast population and abnormal eosinophils [8].
• We have characterized two t(1;11)(q21;q23) translocations that fuse the MLL gene to a novel gene, AF1q on chromosomal band 1q21, in two infants with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMOL) [9].
• Relapse cell population differs from acute onset clone as shown by absence of the initially activated N-ras oncogene in a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute

• Consideration of these cases and a review of the literature suggest that these circumstances represent the development of acute myelomonocytic leukemia rather than plasma cell leukemia; there also appears to be an increased incidence of acute leukemia in multiple myeloma, probably related to the alkylating agent [11].
• The drugs used in the treatment of acute monocytic and acute myelomonocytic leukemias include cytosine arabinoside, the anthracyclines, and VP 16-213 [12].
• Local and systemic sequelae of mediastinal daunorubicin extravasation in a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia [13].
• A 69-year-old woman treated for 31 months with daily oral cyclophosphamide for refractory rheumatoid disease developed acute myelomonocytic leukemia 21/2 years after stopping the drug [14].
• We herein report a case of WM terminating in an acute myelomonocytic leukemia after treatment with prednimustine and chlorambucil and present a review of the literature [15].

Biological context of Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute

• Isochromosome 11q in a case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia FAB type M4 [16].
• Increased methylation of the c-fms protooncogene in acute myelomonocytic leukemias [17].
• We present a case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4, FAB subtype) with t(4;11)(q21;q23), which was also found in several hypertetraploid metaphases probably corresponding to megakaryocytes [18].
• In one case, within 24 days from starting treatment, the leukemic phenotype changed from AUL to acute myelomonocytic leukemia (FAB L1, TdT+ to FAB M4, TdT-) [19].
• Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML FAB M3, APL) and acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal eosinophils (AML M4Eo) are considered distinct entities with characteristic clinical, morphological, cytogenetic, and prognostic features [20].

Anatomical context of Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute

• Twenty-six patients with inv(16)(p13q22) or del(16)(q22) in association with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML-M4, FAB classification), and abnormal marrow eosinophils have been treated at this institute [21].
• A 30-min incubation with TPA led to marked growth arrest in HL60 cells and in cells from most patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and acute myelomonocytic leukemia, whereas cells from most patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia and acute undifferentiated leukemia demonstrated a lesser degree of growth arrest [22].
• Two human hematopoietic cell lines (TYS and TYH) with monocytic characteristics were derived from the peripheral blood of a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia and of another with a follicular large-cell type of malignant lymphoma [23].
• RA suppressed IgG-coated erythrocyte (EA) rosette formation of myelomonocytic cells blocked at relatively late stages of differentiation such as ML-1, U-937, THP-1-T, normal monocytes, and fresh cells of patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia [24].
• The cytokinetic effects induced by VP 16 213 (50-60 mg/sqm/12 hrs for 10 doses) on the peripheral blood and bone marrow blasts of two patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia have been studied using DNA flow cytofluorometry and in vitro tritiated thymidine cytoautoradiography [25].

Gene context of Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute

• A unique AML1 (CBF2A) rearrangement, t(1;21)(p32;q22), observed in a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia [26].
• Deletion of CBFB in a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AML M4Eo) and inversion 16 [27].
• Fusion of MLL and MSF in adult de novo acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4) with t(11;17)(q23;q25) [28].
• Therapy-related acute myelomonocytic leukemia following successful treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia [29].
• Southern blot analysis did not reveal any abnormality of ATM, nor of MLL, which is also located on 11q23 and is involved in t(1;11)(q21;q23) in acute myelomonocytic leukemia [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute

• A young female patient of 18 who was diagnosed to have acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AML M4) developed choroidal infiltrate and fundal changes suggestive of acute leukemia deposits while she was in remission and was recovering from chemotherapy induced myelosuppression [31].

References