Disease relevance of Coccidioidomycosis

• Because of the high rate of initial failures and relapses, miconazole is not recommended as primary therapy for coccidioidomycosis [1].
• The fusion protein product of subcloned cDNA encoding only the tandem repeat also was strongly recognized in western blots by sera from the 35 blastomycosis patients, but not by sera from 10 histoplasmosis and 5 coccidioidomycosis patients [2].
• Itraconazole treatment of coccidioidomycosis. NAIAD Mycoses Study Group [3].
• A 17 year old caucasian woman in whom disseminated coccidioidomycosis developed with culture positive meningitis during her third trimester of pregnancy was treated with amphotericin B and subsequently with transfer factor prepared from her father's peripheral lymphocytes [4].
• Primary coccidioidomycosis, occurring in a microbiologist whose initial symptoms were cough, fever, night sweats, and chest pain, was unique, because for six months following infection his sera remained nonreactive, and his chest roentgenograms showed no lesions [5].

High impact information on Coccidioidomycosis

• A coccidioidomycosis outbreak following the Northridge, Calif, earthquake [6].
• Treatment of coccidioidomycosis with miconazole [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: Neither fluconazole nor itraconazole showed statistically superior efficacy in nonmeningeal coccidioidomycosis, although there is a trend toward slightly greater efficacy with itraconazole at the doses studied [7].
• Six had temporary responses to amphotericin B treatment, taken both alone and combined with ketoconazole, but all died within 14 months of their diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis [8].
• Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in leprosy and coccidioidomycosis [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Coccidioidomycosis

• Twenty-one patients with chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis were treated with ketoconazole [10].
• PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the tolerance and efficacy of itraconazole in the treatment of coccidioidomycosis [3].
• Fourteen patients with chronic coccidioidomycosis, many of whom had complicating concurrent diseases and/or had failed to respond to amphotericin therapy, were treated with intravenous miconazole, a synthetic imidazole drug previously shown to be effective in experimental murine coccidioidomycosis [11].
• Rapid diagnosis of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. Cytologic v potassium hydroxide preparations [12].
• Activity of the triazole SCH 56592 against disseminated murine coccidioidomycosis [13].

Biological context of Coccidioidomycosis

• Loci on chromosome 4 near Lv and on chromosome 6 near Tnfr1 are associated with resistance to coccidioidomycosis in mice [14].
• The spherule-associated antigen 2/proline-rich antigen (Ag2/PRA) of Coccidioides immitis has been shown to protect mice against coccidioidomycosis to an extent dependent on the modes of antigen presentation and challenge with C. immitis arthrospores [15].
• These results suggest that the IFN-gamma release assay with T27K as the antigen may be a useful clinical test for assessing cellular immunity in patients with active coccidioidomycosis [16].
• No cross-reaction was observed with sera from 12 patients with active histoplasmosis or from five patients with active coccidioidomycosis or from 23 healthy persons [17].

Anatomical context of Coccidioidomycosis

• Against systemic murine coccidioidomycosis, UR-9746 and UR-9751 prolonged survival at dosages of > or = 10 mg/kg/day and showed increased reduction of infectious burden in the spleens, livers, and lungs of treated mice with escalating dosage [18].
• Coccidioides immitis antigens which stimulate a T helper cell 1 (Th1) pathway of host immune response are considered to be essential components of a vaccine against coccidioidomycosis [19].
• Central nervous system coccidioidomycosis: a clinicopathologic study of treatment with and without amphotericin B [20].

Gene context of Coccidioidomycosis

• The MFI CD69 response to T27K above that for the control (MFI CD69 above control) was 6.35 +/- 2.18 for seven subjects with disseminated coccidioidomycosis who were studied within 5 months of diagnosis [21].
• Production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 alpha, and interleukin-6 during murine coccidioidomycosis [22].
• These are the first data to show the production of TNF in human coccidioidomycosis [23].
• By use of competitive polymerase chain reaction, PBMC from subjects with disseminated coccidioidomycosis also expressed less mRNA for IFN-gamma and IL-12 than did cells from healthy, immune subjects [24].
• These results suggest that a locus near Lv is responsible for early resistance to coccidioidomycosis but not for modulating the IL-10 and IL-4 responses [14].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Coccidioidomycosis

• Sera of 22 patients with active and 13 with inactive coccidioidomycosis, as well as 15 healthy subjects who were skin-test positive to coccidioidin and 39 healthy subjects who were coccidioidin skin-test negative, were assayed for immune complexes [25].
• BACKGROUND: In previous open-label noncomparative clinical trials, both fluconazole and itraconazole were effective therapy for progressive forms of coccidioidomycosis [7].
• The secreted CTS1 chitinase has also been shown to react with patient anti-Coccidioides complement-fixing (CF) antibody and is a valuable aid in the serodiagnosis of coccidioidomycosis [26].
• In the second patient pulmonary coccidioidomycosis was recognized and treated by lobectomy and amphotericin B before transplantation; subsequent transplantation has provided good renal function without recurrence of infection for 5 years [27].
• To identify antigens important to the diagnosis or pathogenesis of coccidioidomycosis, we analyzed three coccidioidal extracts by immunoblotting techniques with sera from patients infected with Coccidioides immitis and from immunized rabbits [28].

References