Disease relevance of Pain, Postoperative

• Additionally, pretreatment with gabapentin reduced the degree of postoperative nausea and incidence of vomiting/retching possibly either due to the diminished need for postoperative pain treatment with opioids or because of an anti-emetic effect of gabapentin itself [1].
• Etodolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, and in the alleviation of postoperative pain [2].
• In vivo, A-425619 dose dependently reduced capsaicin-induced mechanical hyperalgesia (ED50 = 45 micromol/kg p.o.). A-425619 was also effective in models of inflammatory pain and postoperative pain [3].
• Because N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists oppose both pain hypersensitivity and tolerance induced by opioids, the authors examined the capability of ketamine for improving exaggerated postoperative pain management [4].
• Postoperative pulmonary edema developed in 1 patient and only 3 required parenteral analgesics for postoperative pain control [5].

High impact information on Pain, Postoperative

• Dextroamphetamine with morphine for the treatment of postoperative pain [6].
• Transdermal fentanyl for postoperative pain management. A double-blind placebo study [7].
• Given orally, zomepirac has provided analgesia comparable with usual intramuscular doses of morphine in postoperative pain [8].
• We have evaluated the effectiveness of an application of 2% lignocaine gel to Filshie clips to relieve postoperative pain [9].
• The application of local anaesthetic gel to Filshie clips is a safe, non-invasive, and effective method of relieving postoperative pain during laparoscopic tubal sterilisation [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Pain, Postoperative

• Orally administered zomepirac and parenterally administered morphine. Comparison for the treatment of postoperative pain [10].
• A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design was used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transdermal fentanyl citrate for postoperative pain management in 42 healthy adult patients undergoing major shoulder surgery [7].
• 3. This synergistic effect of systemic morphine on the extent of neural blockade with epidural bupivacaine may have an important role in improving postoperative pain relief [11].
• Analgesic efficacy of parenteral metkephamid acetate in treatment of postoperative pain [12].
• In a second study we surveyed mood alterations in 47 patients receiving meperidine and 29 receiving other narcotic analgesics for postoperative pain [13].

Biological context of Pain, Postoperative

• The authors conducted a prospective randomised double-blind comparison of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), with a combination of morphine and ketorolac versus morphine alone and ketorolac alone in the management of postoperative pain after orthopaedic surgery [14].
• Pharmacokinetics and analgesic effect of ropivacaine during continuous epidural infusion for postoperative pain relief [15].
• Propacetamol as adjunctive treatment for postoperative pain after cardiac surgery [16].
• IMPLICATIONS: This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study demonstrated that ropivacaine, infused with a portable infusion pump via an interscalene perineural catheter for 3 days at home, significantly decreased postoperative pain after orthopedic surgery of the shoulder [17].
• The prolongation of bleeding time observed after ketorolac and ketoprofen may have clinical relevance and suggests that nefopam could be more safely administered for the treatment of postoperative pain, especially in patients with haemostatic defects or after high bleeding risk surgery [18].

Anatomical context of Pain, Postoperative

• The efficacy of locally applied aspirin and acetaminophen in postoperative pain after third molar surgery [19].
• Cyclooxygenase-1 in the spinal cord plays an important role in postoperative pain [20].
• The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of EMD 61753 (asimadoline), a kappa-opioid receptor agonist with restricted access to the central nervous system, on postoperative pain in patients who underwent knee surgery and on nociceptive thresholds and inflammation in rats treated with Freund's complete adjuvant [21].
• These data suggest that effective postoperative pain relief after surgery of the lower extremities can be achieved with relatively low doses of morphine sulfate and with minimal side effects [22].
• Cerebrospinal fluid prostaglandin E2 was positively correlated with postoperative pain and cerebrospinal fluid interleukin 6 with sleep disturbance [23].

Gene context of Pain, Postoperative

• CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that preoperative administration of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor ensures effective control of postoperative pain [24].
• N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are thought to play a major role in development of postoperative pain and opiate tolerance [25].
• These results demonstrate that GluRepsilon2-containing NMDA receptors are involved in postoperative pain and that CP-101,606 may be effective in reducing it [26].
• We also applied the postoperative pain model to GluRepsilon1 and GluRepsilon4 knockout mice [26].
• In contrast, intrathecal administration of COX-2 specific inhibitors has minimal analgesic effects in an incisional model of postoperative pain [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pain, Postoperative

• Eight patients undergoing abdominal surgery received epidural analgesia with 0.5% plain bupivacaine at a fixed dose rate (8 ml/h) for postoperative pain relief [11].
• This single-dose, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study assessed the efficacy and safety of 50 mg of flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Upjohn) in the relief of postoperative pain following cesarean section, as well as vaginal or abdominal hysterectomies [27].
• Controlled clinical trials have shown that ibuprofen (Motrin) is an effective and safe analgesic for patients with mild to moderate postoperative pain [28].
• Thus the crossover design is an appropriate method for the evaluation of selected parenteral analgesics in the postoperative pain model [29].
• Analgesic efficacy and safety of single-dose intramuscular ketorolac for postoperative pain management in children following tonsillectomy [30].

References