Disease relevance of Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia

• The similarity of these findings to those of multicentric Castleman's disease, taken together with the observation that lymph nodes from these patients elaborate large amounts of this cytokine, suggest that the inappropriate synthesis of IL-6 has a primary role in the pathogenesis of this systemic lymphoproliferative disorder [1].
• The polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a rare multisystemic disorder associated with osteosclerotic myeloma and multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) [2].
• The hypothesis is further backed by the findings of CD15 antigen expression by occasional RS-like dysplastic FDRC in Castleman's disease (five cases), which is characterized by hyperplasia of FDRC [3].
• Secretion of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor by spindle cell sarcoma complicating Castleman's disease (so-called 'vascular neoplasia') [4].
• A pulse-chase analysis followed by endoglycosidase H digestion also demonstrated the stability and transport of MHC-I molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum to at least the medial-GOLGI: K5 antigen was clearly detected by immunohistological examination of samples from Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and Castleman's disease [5].

High impact information on Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia

• More importantly, it was involved in a number of diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Castleman's disease [6].
• Inactivation of the IL-6 gene prevents development of multicentric Castleman's disease in C/EBP beta-deficient mice [7].
• Retinoic acid for treatment of multicentric Castleman's disease [8].
• Failure of cidofovir in HIV-associated multicentric Castleman disease [9].
• Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a distinct type of lymphoproliferative disorder associated with inflammatory symptoms and interleukin 6 (IL-6) dysregulation [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia

• We report a case of Castleman's disease demonstrating 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) localization by whole-body PET imaging in a pelvic soft-tissue mass shown on abdominopelvic CT [11].
• We report two cases of GLNH treated with 2-chloro-deoxyadenosine (2-CDA), a synthetic purine analogue [12].
• Alleviation of systemic manifestations of multicentric Castleman's disease by thalidomide [13].
• However, steroid therapy was effective in treating the systemic manifestations of Castleman's disease and some renal function was recovered [14].
• We report on a case of Castleman's disease treated with the histamine receptor-2 antagonist cimetidine with favourable response, suggesting that cimetidine may be helpful in the treatment of this disease [15].

Biological context of Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia

• Ornithine decarboxylase gene expression in Castleman's disease [16].
• We examined HHV-8 DNA sequences in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of two HIV-negative patients with MCD and in PBMCs and the lymph node of a HIV-negative patient with localized Castleman's disease (LCD) by the polymerase chain reaction [17].
• The authors now report 7 Chinese patients with this syndrome in which PCD or paraproteinemia were absent in 6, and 2 had a lymph node histology resembling that of hyaline-vascular Castleman's disease [18].

Anatomical context of Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia

• We used humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody (rhPM-1) to treat 7 patients with multicentric plasma cell or mixed type Castleman's disease [19].
• Hyaline vascular Castleman's disease with HMGIC rearrangement in follicular dendritic cells: molecular evidence of mesenchymal tumorigenesis [20].
• Immunodeficiency and IL-6 production by peripheral blood monocytes in multicentric Castleman's disease [21].
• We found that human herpesvirus 8-encoded IL-6 (vIL-6) induced endogenous human IL-6 (huIL-6) secretion from various cell lines (MT-4, THP-1, U937, Raji, and CESS) including patients with multicentric Castleman's disease [22].
• Expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and ELAM-1 in angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease): evidence for dysplasia of follicular dendritic reticulum cells [23].

Gene context of Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia

• Overexpression of IL-6 has been implicated in the pathology of a number of diseases including multiple myeloma, rheumatoid arthritis, Castleman's disease, psoriasis, and post-menopausal osteoporosis [24].
• In this review, the new therapeutic strategy for Castleman's disease and RA using humanized antibody to human IL6 receptor, MRA, is discussed [25].
• Interleukin-6 receptor expression in the peripheral B cells of patients with multicentric Castleman's disease [26].
• Multicentric Castleman's disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a possible role of hepatitis B antigen [27].
• Resolution of AIDS-related Castleman's disease with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies is associated with declining IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia

• Lymph nodes from 44 patients with Castleman disease (CD) without risk factors for HIV infection were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in situ hybridization (ISH), and immunohistochemical analysis for human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) [29].
• Aggressive angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) treated with high dose melphalan and autologous bone marrow transplantation [30].
• Radionuclide tracer accumulation on gallium scintigraphy as well as dense contrast enhancement on CT scan may be characteristic of Castleman disease [31].

References