Disease relevance of Dendritic Cells, Follicular

• In mouse scrapie, depletion of B-lymphocytes prevents neuropathogenesis after intraperitoneal inoculation, probably due to impaired lymphotoxin-dependent maturation of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), which are a major extracerebral prion reservoir [1].
• Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis of the spleen revealed that 8 days after immunization, immune complexes and vesicular stomatitis virus had both induced a strong increase of PrP expression in the follicular dendritic cell network [2].
• Early after infection, large quantities of HIV are trapped on follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) thus establishing a potent reservoir of infectious virus adjacent to highly susceptible CD4-bearing T lymphocytes [3].
• The lymphoma cells in all 8 AITCL cases were CD4+, CD45RO+ T cells, with classic extrafollicular meshworks of CD21/CD23/CD35+ follicular dendritic cells [4].
• In contrast with FLs, cases of follicular hyperplasia revealed normal or increased fascin-positive follicular dendritic cells, and in cases of hyaline vascular CD, follicular dendritic cells revealed tight syncytial networks [5].

Psychiatry related information on Dendritic Cells, Follicular

• Species barrier prevents an abnormal isoform of prion protein from accumulating in follicular dendritic cells of mice with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease [6].

High impact information on Dendritic Cells, Follicular

• In addition to mediating chemoattraction, BLC induces B cells to up-regulate membrane lymphotoxin alpha1beta2, a cytokine that promotes follicular dendritic cell development and BLC expression, establishing a positive feedback loop that is likely to be important in follicle development and homeostasis [7].
• The type-II transmembrane lectin CD23 is expressed in the mouse on B cells and follicular dendritic cells [8].
• ICAM-1/VCAM-1-expressing stromal organizers, follicular dendritic cells, lymphatic endothelium, and HEVs in these structures are of donor origin, while all hematopoietic cells are host derived [9].
• This effect is mediated by specific receptors, mCR1 (CD35) and mCR2 (CD21), expressed primarily on B cells and follicular dendritic cells in mice [10].
• In BAFF-/- mice, this response is rapidly attenuated and accompanied by perturbed follicular dendritic cell development and immune complex trapping [11].

Biological context of Dendritic Cells, Follicular

• Sonic hedgehog is produced by follicular dendritic cells and protects germinal center B cells from apoptosis [12].
• Immunologically induced, complement-dependent up-regulation of the prion protein in the mouse spleen: follicular dendritic cells versus capsule and trabeculae [2].
• It seems probable that continued B cell activation, occurring during long term antibody responses, takes place in the follicles of secondary lymphoid organs and is driven by antigen presented on follicular dendritic cells [13].
• Although the LT alpha transgene did not restore Peyer's patches or splenic architecture, it restored the ability of the spleen to form germinal centers and follicular dendritic cell networks [14].
• We hypothesize that the lack of follicular dendritic cells may contribute to dysfunctional B-cell maturation by ablating orderly antigen presentation and clonal expansion in the lymph node cortex [15].

Anatomical context of Dendritic Cells, Follicular

• In mice deficient in either lymphotoxin alpha (LT-alpha) or type I tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR-I), organized clusters of follicular dendritic cells (FDC) and germinal centers (GC) are absent from the spleen [16].
• We have used monoclonal antibodies to the macrophage antigens, Mac-2 and-3, Ia antigen, Fc fragment receptor and the common leukocyte antigen CLA to compare the cell surface antigens of these cells with those of interdigitating and follicular dendritic cells and of macrophages in lymphoid tissues [17].
• In normal lymphoid tissue, TRAF1 message proved to be absent from all resting B and T cells as well as from macrophages and accessory cells (follicular dendritic cells and interdigitating cells) and present in few perifollicular and intrafollicular lymphoid blasts [18].
• Estrogen receptor alpha is a novel marker expressed by follicular dendritic cells in lymph nodes and tumor-associated lymphoid infiltrates [19].
• We found that although the compartmentalization of T and B cell zones and development of follicular dendritic cells were affected by the lack of B cell-derived LT and TNF, the development of follicle-associated epithelium and M cells in PP was completely independent of LT/TNF production by B cells [20].

Associations of Dendritic Cells, Follicular with chemical compounds

• Distinct roles of lymphotoxin alpha and the type I tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor in the establishment of follicular dendritic cells from non-bone marrow-derived cells [16].
• Compared with wild-type mice, C3- and Cr2-deficient mice exhibited decreased uptake of III-PS by follicular dendritic cells within the germinal centers and impaired localization of III-PS to the marginal zone B cells [21].
• The follicular dendritic cells then promote a sustained B-cell response to the luminal pathogen [22].
• The follicular dendritic cell restricted epitope, FDC-M2, is complement C4; localization of immune complexes in mouse tissues [23].
• IL-4 augments anisomycin-induced p38 activation via Akt pathway in a follicular dendritic cell (FDC)-like line [24].

Gene context of Dendritic Cells, Follicular

• GCs, herein defined as peanut agglutinin-binding (PNA+) clusters of centroblasts/centrocytes in association with follicular dendritic cell (FDC) networks, were not detectable in LTbetaR-/- hosts after transfer of wild-type BM [25].
• Lymph nodal prion replication and neuroinvasion in mice devoid of follicular dendritic cells [26].
• Follicular dendritic cells adhere to fibronectin and laminin fibers via their respective receptors [27].
• Sections from post-mortem MS brains and spinal cords were screened using immunohistochemistry for the presence of CD20+ B-cells, CD3+ T-cells, CD138+ plasma cells and CD21+, CD35+ follicular dendritic cells, and for the expression of lymphoid chemokines (CXCL 13, CCL21) and peripheral node addressin (PNAd) [28].
• The murine complement receptor type 2 gene (Cr2/CD21) is expressed by murine B and follicular dendritic cells, but not murine T cells [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dendritic Cells, Follicular

• The molecule CD200 (previously called OX2), associated with, among others, follicular dendritic cells, is implicated in delivery of immunosuppressive signals to the immune system, and an immunoadhesin in which the extracellular domains of CD200 were linked to a mouse IgG2a Fc region has been shown to promote renal allograft survival [30].

References