Disease relevance of C07383

• To evaluate toxicity, ten healthy volunteers self-administered 0.05% proparacaine to one eye and placebo to the other eye every 15 minutes for 12 hours on day 1 and every hour for 12 hours on days 2 through 7 [1].
• Relief of trigeminal neuralgia by proparacaine [2].
• Allergic contact fingertip dermatitis secondary to proxymetacaine in an ophthalmologist [3].
• The effect of corneal hypesthesia on the duration of proparacaine anesthetic eyedrops [4].
• METHODS: In three separate trials, 10 aliquots of 5 ml each of three common multidose topical ophthalmic solutions, sodium fluorescein, proparacaine, and nonpreserved artificial tears, were inoculated with 10(5), 10(4), and 10(3) pfu per ml of HSV-1 [5].

High impact information on C07383

• Aqueous humor EACA levels were significantly higher after pretreatment with 0.5% proparacaine [6].
• PURPOSE: To determine the relative corneal endothelial toxicities of the following topical anesthetic agents: bupivacaine HCl 0.75%, unpreserved lidocaine HCl 4%, proparacaine HCl 0.5%, and tetracaine HCl 0.5% [7].
• RESULTS: Part I: Proparacaine concentrations greater than or equal to 0.1% eliminated sensation from some corneas; concentrations of less than or equal to 0.05% were never fully anesthetic [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: Anterior chamber injection of bupivacaine HCl 0.75%, unpreserved lidocaine HCl 4%, and proparacaine HCl 0.5% produces corneal thickening and opacification that is clinically and statistically significant [7].
• METHODS: Six eyes of 5 patients with recurrent epithelial ingrowth had flap lifting followed by debridement of interface epithelial cells, interface application of proparacaine, and the placement of interrupted 10-0 nylon sutures [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of C07383

• The mitochondrial reduction assay seemed to be more sensitive than the lactate dehydrogenase leakage test in predicting toxicity: tetracaine (EC50 = 0.81 mM) >> proparacaine (EC50 = 3.4 mM) > cocaine (EC50 = 7.1 mM) [9].
• CONCLUSION: Unlike adenovirus, HSV-1 does not survive in preserved fluorescein and proparacaine multidose solutions; therefore, office transmission is highly unlikely [5].
• Flurbiprofen and proparacaine were the most effective at blocking miosis [10].

Biological context of C07383

• Visual acuity after topical application of proparacaine [11].
• RESULTS: After time of incubation and concentration were adjusted, both drugs reduced overall cell viability; however, tetracaine produced a larger decrease in cell viability than proparacaine (P = .008) [12].
• Intraocular pressure was decreased only in proparacaine-treated eyes and increased in eyes treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) [10].
• Analysis of the tissues revealed an amphoteric compound consistent with a hydrolysis product prepared in the laboratory by reacting proparacaine with HCl in the presence of heat [13].
• Experimental results indicate a significant decrease in the potential difference (PD) and in the short-circuit current (Isc) after the application of proparacaine to isolated toad skin, which may reflect an inhibition of the active transport of ions [14].

Anatomical context of C07383

• Topically applied eledoisin did not pharmacologically stimulate lacrimal secretion but rather increased lacrimal gland secretion only in non-anesthetized eyes through a sensory reflex mechanism that is blocked by proparacaine [15].
• All coadministered drugs except proparacaine reduced intraocular timolol concentrations by varying extents depending on the sampling time, while increasing the timolol concentrations in the conjunctiva and sclera [16].
• Does 0.5% proparacaine result in an alteration in corneal thickness due to changes in the corneal epithelium [17]?
• We postulate that one mechanism by which proparacaine inhibits corneal epithelial migration and adhesion is through alteration of the actin cytoskeleton [18].
• The local anesthetic proparacaine modifies sodium transport in toad skin and perturbs the structures of model and cell membranes [14].

Associations of C07383 with other chemical compounds

• Topical anesthesia: Proxymetacaine versus Amethocaine for clear corneal phacoemulsification [19].
• Cocaine was less toxic in vitro than proparacaine and tetracaine when compared on an equimolar basis, but in vivo it may be more toxic because of the higher concentrations that must be used to obtain the same degree of anesthesia as well as its marked effects on cell morphology [9].
• BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to quality the frequency and amount of corneal desquamation from a sodium fluorescein/proparacaine combination (Fluoracaine) as compared with sodium fluorescein/benoxinate combination ophthalmic solution (Fluorox) after Goldmann Applanation Tonometry [20].
• A recent report showed that pretreatment with Ophthetic (0.5% proparacaine HCl) (OPH) in pentobarbital-anesthetized rabbits significantly increased the permeability of the lipophobic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) benzolamide (B) and transformed it to a highly active ocular hypotensive drug [21].

Gene context of C07383

• Instillation of one drop of 0.5% proparacaine caused a significant, but gradual, increase in epithelial cell sloughing rate over a period of hours, as indicated by subsequent BTS irrigations of the cornea [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of C07383

• Dilute topical proparacaine for pain relief after photorefractive keratectomy [1].
• Part II: In a prospective, double-masked study, 34 patients who underwent PRK (48 eyes) self-administered either topical 0.05% proparacaine or placebo for 1 week after PRK as needed to reduce pain [1].
• Flap suturing with proparacaine for recurrent epithelial ingrowth following laser in situ keratomileusis surgery [8].
• Flap suturing with interface proparacaine application may be effective in preventing further recurrences of epithelial ingrowth after initial debridement [8].
• Topical proparacaine and suture removal after blepharoplasty [23].

References