Disease relevance of NSC5632

• Two of the four patients had neurosyphilis despite previous adequate therapy for early syphilis with benzathine penicillin [1].
• Neurologic relapse after benzathine penicillin therapy for secondary syphilis in a patient with HIV infection [2].
• In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial carried out from 1980 to 1982, 20 patients with established Lyme arthritis were assigned treatment with 2.4 million U of intramuscular benzathine penicillin weekly for three weeks (total, 7.2 million U) and 20 patients received saline [3].
• Hyperendemic Streptococcus pyogenes infection despite prophylaxis with penicillin G benzathine [4].
• The cost-effectivness of preventing primary acute rheumatic fever attacks by oral or benzathine penicillin treatment was analyzed for both epidemic and endemic streptococcal pharyngitis situations [5].

Psychiatry related information on NSC5632

• Patient compliance with prophylactic benzathine penicillin for rheumatic fever [6].

High impact information on NSC5632

• BACKGROUND: Reports of neurosyphilis and invasion of cerebrospinal fluid by Treponema pallidum in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have led to doubts about the adequacy of the recommended penicillin G benzathine therapy for early syphilis [7].
• Although the pathogenicity of the organism was not proved, the patient's symptoms rapidly resolved following penicillin G benzathine therapy [8].
• DESIGN: Single-center, open-label, randomized pilot study to compare azithromycin with penicillin G benzathine therapy [9].
• Standard recommended doses of benzathine penicillin provide cerebrospinal fluid levels that are probably at the borderline of efficacy, and cure relies on treatment and an adequate host immune response [10].
• Patients with normal fluid received recommended benzathine penicillin therapy according to the stage of syphilis; patients with CSF abnormalities were offered 10-day therapy for neurosyphilis [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of NSC5632

• Azithromycin compared with penicillin G benzathine for treatment of incubating syphilis [9].
• The in vivo activity of rosaramicin phosphate in disseminated and localized Treponema pallidum infections in rabbits was compared with that of penicillin G benzathine [12].
• Evaluation of Sch 29482 in experimental syphilis and comparison with penicillin G benzathine in disseminated disease and localized infection [13].
• Treatment of asymptomatic congenital syphilis: benzathine versus procaine penicillin G therapy [14].
• GOAL: To determine whether one injection of 2.4 million of U of benzathine penicillin G, as recommended by the 1993 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines, is sufficient treatment for early syphilis during pregnancy [15].

Biological context of NSC5632

• Late third-trimester treatment of rectovaginal group B streptococci with benzathine penicillin G [16].
• Because of its favorable pharmacokinetics, the benzathine salt of penicillin V appears to be well suited for a twice-a-day dosage schedule [17].
• Although GABHS has so far not developed penicillin resistance, the frequency of bacteriological failures with either benzathine penicillin or penicillin V has increased [18].
• The main purpose of this work is to formulate benzathine penicillin G nanoemulsion and nanocapsules, to evaluate their physicochemical and stabilising characteristics, and to determine their antimicrobial activity and penicillin in vitro release kinetics [19].
• Audit of the use of benzathine penicillin, post-treatment syphilis serology and partner notification of patients with early infectious syphilis [20].

Anatomical context of NSC5632

• Benzathine penicillin prophylaxis to all infants suppressed active infection but did not eradicate asymptomatic colonization of the umbilical cord [21].
• In the first set of experiments, six New Zealand White rabbits were given intra-arterial injections of 0.4 mL of a mixture containing 300,000 U of penicillin G benzathine and 300,000 units of penicillin procaine per milliliter (Bicillin C-R) into the left femoral artery and 0.4 mL of normal saline into the right femoral artery as autocontrol [22].
• A child was given intramuscular benzathine penicillin and experienced manifestations of sudden, irreversible transection of the spinal cord in the lower thoracic region [23].
• METHODS: To evaluate penicillin concentrations in palatine tonsils and in sera 1, 10, 14 and 21 days after intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin G 40,000 IU/kg, 58 children between 4 and 12 years of age with chronic tonsillitis and indication for tonsillectomy were given the study drug 1, 10, 14 or 21 days before surgery [24].
• Of 11 patients with an initial attack who were maintained on regular prophylaxis (intramuscular benzathine penicillin 1,200,000 units every 4 weeks), the mitral valve murmur disappeared in 3 and none of the patients had recurrence [25].

Associations of NSC5632 with other chemical compounds

• Although 93 percent of the recruits received prophylaxis with two intramuscular injections of 1.2 million units of penicillin G benzathine each (administered 30 to 39 days apart), 33 percent of the recruits were colonized by S. pyogenes, and 42 percent had infection (as defined by a two-dilution increase in the antistreptolysin O titer) [4].
• Penicillin (either oral penicillin V or injectable benzathine penicillin) remains the treatment of choice, because it is cost effective, has a narrow spectrum of activity, has long-standing proven efficacy, and GAS resistant to penicillin have not been documented [26].
• Triple dye treatment of the umbilical cord plus benzathine penicillin prophylaxis eradicated the infection from the nursery [21].
• Separation and determination of the sodium, benzathine and procaine salts of benzylpenicillin by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography [27].
• All of the patients received injectable benzathine penicillin or, if allergic to penicillin, a ten-day course of polyenteric-coated erythromycin [28].

Gene context of NSC5632

• Treatment with intramuscular benzathine penicillin 2.4 million units stat, or 600,000 units procaine penicillin daily does not produce treponemicidal levels within the CSF [29].
• Need for injection benzathine penicillin-9 lacs [30].
• In 2340 adult patients above the age of 26 years with rheumatic valvular disease (RHD) seen since 1987, injection benzathine penicillin (once in 3 weeks) was discontinued and the patients were followed for evidence of rheumatic fever for a period of one to nine years (mean of 3 years) [31].
• Initially benzathine penicillin 1.2 million units, was given I.M. AST fortnightly [32].
• BACKGROUND: Pilot studies suggest that a single, 2-g oral dose of azithromycin may be an alternative to a 2.4-MU intramuscular dose of penicillin G benzathine in the prevention and treatment of syphilis [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of NSC5632

• Two strategies were compared: treatment with 7.2 million units of penicillin G benzathine, or performing a lumbar puncture to test for asymptomatic neurosyphilis followed by penicillin and management based on cerebrospinal fluid analysis [34].
• Syphilis in pregnancy in Tanzania. II. The effectiveness of antenatal syphilis screening and single-dose benzathine penicillin treatment for the prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes [35].
• Nonmotile intra-amniotic spirochetes were seen by dark-field microscopy 20 hr after treatment with benzathine penicillin G [36].
• In response to six GABHS outbreaks, mass plus tandem benzathine penicillin chemoprophylaxis produced rapid and sustained GABHS control [37].
• Incremental declines were temporally associated with increased use of adenovirus immunizations and broader use of benzathine penicillin prophylaxis [37].

References