Disease relevance of SLAMF6

• These inhibitory signals are induced by the interaction of NTB-A with still undefined ligands expressed on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected target cells [1].
• NTB-A, a new activating receptor in T cells that regulates autoimmune disease [2].
• In most leukemias, both CD48 and NTBA were down-regulated [3].
• Russian thistle (Salsola kali), the most common plant referred to as "tumbleweed" in the western United States, can cause a dermatitis in persons who come into direct contract with it [4].
• Regulation of B cell tolerance by the lupus susceptibility gene Ly108 [5].

High impact information on SLAMF6

• NK-T-B-antigen (NTB-A) is a homophilic receptor that stimulates cytotoxicity in natural killer (NK) cells, regulates bactericidal activities in neutrophils, and potentiates T helper 2 (Th2) responses [6].
• NTB-A Receptor Crystal Structure: Insights into Homophilic Interactions in the Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Receptor Family [6].
• Moreover, mAb-mediated masking of NTB-A can partially revert this inhibitory effect while a maximal recovery of target cell lysis can be obtained when both 2B4 and NTB-A are simultaneously masked [1].
• NTB-A [correction of GNTB-A], a novel SH2D1A-associated surface molecule contributing to the inability of natural killer cells to kill Epstein-Barr virus-infected B cells in X-linked lymphoproliferative disease [1].
• Molecular cloning of the cDNA coding for NTB-A molecule revealed a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily belonging to the CD2 subfamily [1].

Biological context of SLAMF6

• Cross-linking of NTB-A also induces phosphorylation of NTB-A and the association of SAP (SLAM-associated protein), the protein absent in X-linked lymphoproliferative disease [2].
• In vivo blocking of NTB-A interactions with its ligands by using soluble NTB-A-Fc fusion protein inhibits B cell isotype switching to IgG2a and IgG3, commonly induced by Th1-type cytokines [2].
• Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, plasmon resonance analysis, as well as NTBA-Fc*-mediated down-regulation of NTBA surface expression further confirmed the occurrence of NTBA/NTBA homophilic interaction [7].
• BACKGROUND: The inhalation of Salsola kali pollen is a common cause of respiratory diseases in Europe and North America. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a depigmented and glutaraldehyde-polymerized therapeutic vaccine of S kali [8].
• In this study, tumbleweed plants (Salsola kali) grown in an agar-based medium with 20 mgl(-1) of Cd(II) did not show phytotoxicity, and their roots had the most biomass (4.5 mg) (P < 0.05) compared to the control plants (2.7 mg) as well as other treated plants [9].

Anatomical context of SLAMF6

• This suggests that also NTB-A may function as a coreceptor in the process of NK cell activation [1].
• Here we describe a novel 60-kD glycoprotein, termed NTB-A, that is expressed by all human NK, T, and B lymphocytes [1].
• Here we report the further characterization of a new member of the CD2 superfamily, NTB-A, important in T cell co-stimulation [2].
• We have demonstrated that human peripheral blood eosinophils, but not basophils or neutrophils, express NTB-A [10].

Associations of SLAMF6 with chemical compounds

• NTB-A is characterized, in its extracellular portion, by a distal V-type and a proximal C2-type domain and by a cytoplasmic portion containing three tyrosine-based motifs [1].
• Both methods have been applied to allergen extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Phleum pratense, Secale cereale, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, Artemisia vulgaris, Salsola kali and Parietaria judaica [11].
• This manuscript reports the toxic effects of As2O3 (arsenic trioxide) and As2O5 (arsenic pentoxide) on S. kali as well as the arsenic and phosphate uptake and arsenic coordination within plant tissues [12].
• Cadmium uptake and translocation in tumbleweed (Salsola kali), a potential Cd-hyperaccumulator desert plant species: ICP/OES and XAS studies [9].
• Hydrocotyle was prescribed to 21 patients in different potencies (6c, 30c, 200c, 1M, 10M), Thuja to three patients (1M, 10M), Graphites (6c), Kali bich (30c) and Sulphur (200c) to one patient each during 1 year study period [13].

Physical interactions of SLAMF6

• While ULBP2 binds the activating NK receptor NKG2D, the BB4 moiety binds to CD138, which is overexpressed on a variety of malignancies, including MM [14].

Regulatory relationships of SLAMF6

• Homophilic interaction of NTB-A enhances NK cell cytotoxicity and influences NK cell proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion [15].

Other interactions of SLAMF6

• We show that NTB-A is tyrosine phosphorylated in unstimulated human NK cells and associates with SLAM-associated protein (SAP) and EAT-2 [16].
• In contrast, NTB-A-mediated IFN-gamma production was greatly reduced in the absence of SAP, demonstrating that cytokine production and cytotoxicity are differentially dependent on SAP and possibly EAT-2 [16].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SLAMF6

• CONCLUSION: Immunotherapy with this modified vaccine of S kali pollen is safe and efficacious to treat patients clinically sensitive to this pollen [8].
• METHODS: A population of 66 individuals with specific IgE-mediated allergic symptoms and positive skin tests to S. kali were included in the study [17].
• The antigenic and allergenic profile of S. kali was evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), isoelectric focussing (IEF) and immunoblot [17].
• Pollen extracts of the four taxonomically related weeds, Amaranthus retroflexus (Ama r), Chenopodium album (Che a), Kochia scoparia (Koc s), and Salsola pestifer (S. kali) (Sal p), were characterized by various methods including crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE), and SDS-PAGE immunoblotting [18].
• Tolerance of a Salsola kali extract standardized in biological units administered by subcutaneous route. Multicenter study [19].

References